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23Publication date: April 23, 2020 DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3724122
History of Sport
TRADITIONS OF NATIONAL SPORTS AMONG STUDENTS IN THE
RUSSIAN MODERN SOCIETY
1 0
Gruza, Maria Sergeevna1, Efanova, Julia Yurievna2, Shelestov, Vladimir
Stanislavovich3, Novikov, Yuri Nikolaevich4, Kiyko, Vladimir Nikolaevich5
1Senior Lecturer, Voronezh State Technical University, 20 years of October street, 84,
Voronezh, Russia
2Lecturer, Voronezh State Technical University, 20 years of October street, 84,
Voronezh, Russia
3Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences, Associate Professor, Voronezh State Technical University, 20
years of October street, 84, Voronezh, Russia
4Associate Professor, Voronezh State Technical University, 20 years of October street, 84,
Voronezh, Russia
5Senior Lecturer, Voronezh State Agrarian University named after Emperor Peter I, Michurin
street, 1, Voronezh, Russia
Abstract
The article deals with the typology of national sports among students in modern society. The problem of forming a healthy lifestyle, improving the quality and level of health in modern Russian society requires a comprehensive system solution at the highest level. This is due to the fact that all aspects of human life are ultimately determined by the level of health. Sport covers both the "material" structure (physical health) and the spiritual and practical essence of the deployment of a person's creative talents (mental health), his integral comprehensive development (social aspect of health).
The article shows that the level and quality of youth health, in particular physical culture and sport, depends on the revision of previously established approaches to the study of the place and role of physical culture and sport in the system of social relations, their social essence, laws of their development and functioning.
Keywords: sports, traditions, morals, work, society.
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I. INTRODUCTION
The role of physical culture and sports as factors in the formation of a healthy lifestyle for young people is undoubtedly very significant. However, the results of our own research, expert assessment of other sociological surveys and statistical data allow us to conclude that the value of physical culture and sports in the assessments of Russian youth is characterized by their decline as factors in the formation of a healthy lifestyle. At the same time, competition for new achievable activities is increasing. Pragmatism in the assessment of physical culture and sports reflects the aspirations of young people to market values, success and independence. One of the trends that characterize the modern world sports movement is the emergence of new non-traditional sports, motor subcultures of young people. An important factor in the formation and development of non-traditional sports (Curling, baseball, beach volleyball, softball, and other sports) is their inclusion in the programs of the winter and summer Olympic games in Russia, in order to compete with countries that have already developed traditions and formed a material and technical base for non-traditional sports. Today, it is necessary to develop a state strategy for cultivating, first of all, new modern youth sports in the student sphere.
II. METHODOLOGY
The methodological basis of the article was made up of philosophical, sociological and psychological provisions on the social conditioning of personality development; methodology of pedagogy as one of the anthropological sciences; modern research in the field of personality socialization; concept of an activity approach; the main provisions of a personality-oriented education; regulatory documents on general and additional education.
III. DISCUSSION
Scientific value for multinational Russia is represented by the monograph of E. A. Pokrovsky "Physical education of children in different peoples, mainly in Russia", published in 1894. The Russian scientist P. F. Lesgaft created a scientifically-based system of education of children and adolescents. Soviet scientists L. p. Matveev, A. D. Novikov, V. V. Stolbov and others made a significant contribution to the study of the history of physical culture development in our country.
The analysis of socio-political priorities of the Soviet period in the field of physical culture and sports development is presented in the works of B. R. Balayan, I. S. Guskov, B. C. Rodichenko, P. S. Stepchenko, and others. Discussions were held about professional sports, which was considered as a bourgeois phenomenon. At the same time, some authors justified the thesis that professional sports should be present in the USSR on a par with Amateur sports. (G. S. Dementer, H. A. Ponomarev, B. C. Rodichenko, S. G. Seiranov, etc.) the Dependence of sport on ideology was also analyzed by the foreign researcher R. Thomson.
According to the author, in the literature of the Soviet period, the Genesis, essence, functions and laws of sports practice were not sufficiently understood theoretically. These fundamental questions were touched upon in passing without analyzing the basic concepts in the theory of physical culture and sport.
In the 1990s, after the collapse of the USSR, an attempt was made to identify the impact of new socioeconomic and political changes in Russia on the development of physical culture and sports, in particular, in connection with the activation of the commercialization of domestic sports, the decision of the IOC to admit professionals to the Olympic games, and the legalization of professional sports. In the second half of the 1990s, the study of professional sports continued to deepen, primarily in the aspect of identifying theoretical problems of
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its functioning and legal regulation (this was required by practice).
A discussion was held to clarify the content and relationship of the concepts "high-performance sports", "Olympic sports", "professional sports". There are works that consider the sport of great achievements as a factor in the formation of the national image of the country (N. p. Brodskaya in the book. "National interests and image of Russia" Moscow, 2006), etc.
Researchers pay attention to the integrative functions of sports, which help to unite representatives of various social strata and nationalities in a team.
Research increasingly raises questions about the need to expand and deepen legislative regulation of the development of physical culture and sports, and analyzes some aspects of the implementation of state policy in this area. They are reflected in the works of N. P. Brodskaya, A. N. Bugreev, G. S. Demeter, V. I. Stolyarov and others.
Scientists raise issues of sports management at the present stage, budget financing of physical education and sports, and interaction with non-governmental organizations.
The works of L. V. Aristov, a.m. Bannikov, S. I. Guskov, A. A. Isaeva and others are devoted to the development of state policy in the sphere of physical culture and sport.Sport as a factor of state and political management in the Russian Federation is studied in the articles of V. I. Stolyarov and A. O. Shchipanov.
IV. RESULTS
A systematic approach to the study of state policy in the field of sport involves the consideration of political processes in the context of global trends. All over the world, the sphere of sport is an arena of profound transformations; When sport as an institution of modern society develops globally, which is confirmed by not only the Olympic games, but also various international competitions, it is inevitable to clash with existing socio-cultural and political practices, in which a particular country lobbies for the inclusion of certain national sports in the competition programs, as well as the principles of judging, etc.
In addition, there are problems with the legitimation of new sports, for example, roller skating, Windsurfing or rock climbing. Without government lobbying, institutionalization in international organizations is impossible. The very question of the influence of the respective sports communities on state policy is a relatively new political phenomenon. From the point of view of methodology, three basic methodological approaches to describing the phenomena occurring in modern sports can be identified.
From the point of view of methodology, three basic methodological approaches to describing the phenomena occurring in modern sports can be identified.
The first methodological approach emphasizes changes in society at the axiological level. As you know, "axiology" (Greek. axia-value, logos-word, doctrine) - a philosophical discipline that studies values as the meaning-forming foundations of human existence, setting the direction and motivation of human life, activities and specific acts and deeds. In relation to the problem we are considering, we are talking about changing the value orientations of consumers of sports services and participants of competitions.
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Top 10 Global Sports Nations (2010-2023)
Rank Nation Events Grand Total
1 USA +4 47 39,262
2 Russia -1 38 39,145
3 Canada -1 51 35,474
4 United Kingdom -1 31 35,020
5 China -1 43 33,264
6 Germany = 43 28,334
7 Italy +2 41 27,402
8 Japan +2 27 26,612
9 Brazil -1 10 24,976
10 France -3 31 23,733
The differences between the first and second of these groups are quite significant. If for the first group sport, first of all, is not only "entertainment", but also an occasion for aggressive actions, then for representatives of the second group changes mean a departure from the so-called classic sports values (competition, effort, the value of the country's sports authority, rationality, etc.).
The second approach points to the emergence of an increasing orientation of people involved in sports to the motivation of integration into social structures based on communities. The driving force of these actions is the reduction of the sports component due to the formation of a group identity of members of like-minded clubs.
The third campaign is in the field of ideology, which became a Central factor in political life in Western countries with the beginning of the enlightenment project, as well as after the American one. And the French revolution. It is important to recognize that for many theorists, especially those with a Marxist orientation, the nature of ideology is "characterized" in terms of the achievement of certain political interests by social groups (often in a latent form), and sport is no exception in this regard. In a globalizing world, it is necessary to talk about a political line to create competitive sports structures and models of public policy.
V. CONCLUSION
Physical improvement of a person in the folk traditions of education was achieved in the course of labor activity through the formation of labor skills, the development of such motor qualities as endurance, speed, strength, dexterity, through the education of moral and volitional qualities. Physical exercises as a manifestation of national culture are aimed at providing the human body with physical activity necessary for everyday life, work and life in these conditions. Only a highly developed national-regionally-oriented physical culture can provide the necessary range of adaptation to external conditions and create its mechanism. National sports traditions contribute to the development of social activity of young people in the organization of a pedagogical environment in the form of folk games, exercises, national types of training, holidays, which allow you to create conditions to meet the needs of communication, knowledge of your "I", strengthening the sense of maturity. The main factor of socializing influence of national sports traditions is the situation of nationally significant barriers. In educational activities, their overcoming is ensured. In the course of experimental work, it was revealed that the rationalization of social development of a student's personality is possible when the traditions of national physical culture enrich the content, methods, and technology of physical education, which is an integral part of preparing a young person for life and work. They clearly reflect the way of life of people, their way of life, national traditions, ideas of honor, courage, courage, the desire to possess strength, dexterity, endurance, speed and beauty of movements, to show ingenuity, endurance, creative invention, resourcefulness, will and desire to win. The content of folk outdoor games contains a lot of cognitive expanding the horizons of a person.
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ТРАДИЦИИ НАЦИОНАЛЬНЫХ ВИДОВ СПОРТА В СРЕДЕ СТУДЕНЧЕСКОЙ МОЛОДЁЖИ В СОВРЕМЕННОМ РОССИЙСКОМ
ОБЩЕСТВЕ
Л О
Груза Мария Сергеевна1, Ефанова Юлия Юрьевна2, Шелестов Владимир Станиславович3, Новиков Юрий Николаевич4, Кийко Владимир Николаевич5
1Старший преподаватель, Воронежский государственный технический университет, ул. 20 лет
Октября, 84, Воронеж, Россия 2Преподаватель, Воронежский государственный технический университет, ул. 20 лет Октября,
84, Воронеж, Россия
3Кандидат педагогических наук, доцент, Воронежский государственный технический университет, ул. 20 лет Октября, 84, Воронеж, Россия 4Доцент, Воронежский государственный технический университет, ул. 20 лет Октября, 84,
Воронеж, Россия
5Старший преподаватель, Воронежский государственный аграрный университет имени императора Петра I, ул. Мичурина, 1, Воронеж, Россия
Аннотация
В статье рассматривается типология национальных видов спорта в среде студенческой молодёжи в современном обществе. Проблема формирования здорового образа жизни, повышения качества и уровня здоровья в современном российском обществе требует комплексного системного решения на самом высоком уровне. Это связано с тем, что все аспекты человеческой жизни в конечном счете определяются уровнем здоровья. Спорт охватывает как "материальную" структуру (физическое здоровье), так и духовно-практическую сущность развертывания творческих способностей человека (психическое здоровье), его целостного всестороннего развития (социальный аспект здоровья).
В статье показано, что уровень и качество здоровья молодёжи, в частности физической культуры и спорта, зависит от пересмотра ранее сложившихся подходов к изучению места и роли физической культуры и спорта в системе общественных отношений, их социальной сущности, закономерностей их развития и функционирования.
Ключевые слова: спорт, традиции, мораль, труд, общество.
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