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554TOURISM LOGISTICS: RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TOURISM
AND LOGISTICS
1 2 Aminova N.B. , Kadirova D.R.
1Aminova Niginabonu Bakhriddinovna - Student;
2Kadirova Dilnoza Rasul qizi - Student, DEPARMENT OF ECONOMICS, BUKHARA STATE UNIVERSITY, BUKHARA, REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN
Abstract: this article describes tourism logistics and ways to manage it. The concept of logistics in tourism is an important and effective activity that directs people's travels in addition to supply chain management. Therefore, knowledge of this concept is important in a market economy.
Keywords: tourism industry, logistics, delivery, travel, tour agency, service, tour company, tourist.
Tourism industry works in cooperation with many different industries with its multi-faceted structure. Touristic products and services resulting from the wishes and needs of tourists vary in every country and region. Meeting these expectations is one of the main objectives of the enterprises working in the tourism industry. It requires the tourism industry to work with the logistics industry because of providing both products and services to tourists. Due to the changing and differentiating tourist needs, tourists are obliged to offer their products and services immediately. Therefore, enterprises in the tourism industry should use the logistic elements very well and respond to expectations.
It is necessary to specify the location of the supply chain within the concept of logistics and explain why the concept of supply chain is used in tourism activities. The supply chain is the process of systematically managing all functions from the start of the purchase to the last consumer. As tourists are seen as the ultimate consumers in the tourism industry, it is important that the supply chain operates regularly without interruption. Logistics elements are also seen as part of the supply chain. In particular, it is expressed as the transfer of the product or service. By taking full responsibility of the suppliers, it is stated as the transportation of the enterprise to the final consumer with minimum cost.
The concepts of logistics and supply chain are used in the tourism industry. The logistics elements refer to transportation, warehousing and customs operations, while the supply chain elements cover all other aspects of the logistics concept. It is necessary to use the right logistics methods in terms of reducing costs for enterprises and sustainability. In this context, the selection of enterprises that manage logistics and the supply chain within the tourism industry is gaining importance.
The main difference distinguishes the tourism industry from other industries in terms of logistics is that people have the means to travel from one place to another. Logistics activities include the transfer services of people in the field of military and tourism, even though they are seen in the field of product. The functions of the suppliers in tourism continue to start with the location of the customers, continue their holidays and return. Tourism suppliers manage a detailed planning process that carries out procurement, transportation, taxes, insurance, accommodation, catering and all other activities.
Travel agencies and tour operators, which are called as intermediary companies, are responsible for increasing tourism efficiency, increasing tourist demand, and achieving a sustainable tourism potential. In particular, tour operators combine the production of the products needed by tourists, and a large number of different basic and additional tourism services. After this stage, it offers tourist products directly to tourists or hotels. Other enterprises working in the tourism industry and providing services are in cooperation. For this reason, tour operators have a significant impact on the tourism
industry's logistics. It also brings together businesses and tourists within the supply chain structure. Travel agencies and tour operators are important supplier enterprises that provide the cooperation of tourism industry and tourists with planning and management activities related to logistics management.
Rapid spread of the internet and easy access to customers have necessitated changes in logistics and tourism industry as well as in many industries. Logistics systems in classical style have been replaced with systems used over the internet. Businesses using logistics activities and supply chain structure provide easy access to the internet. As a result of these developments, with the development of the internet, many of the activities of travel agencies and tour operators are carried out over the internet. The supplier tourism companies are required to adapt to the e-logistics system, since they are focused on information and product sales. Due to the international nature of many of its activities, travel agencies and tour operators cooperate with similar organizations in other countries. Fast, reliable and systematic operation of e-logistics activities that will meet the needs of tourists will provide significant advantages to tourism enterprises, suppliers and tourists.
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