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TODAY'S APPROACHES TO THE CONTENT OF PHYSICAL TRAINING OF SCHOOLCHILDREN IN THE SYSTEM OF LIFELONG EDUCATION
Sh. Sh. Kurayshev
The article deals with the content of physical training and sports activities in the educational process of schools.
Key words: physical training, schoolchildren, educational work, educational institutions, sports, lifelong education.
The concept of lifelong education, adopted in Uzbekistan, emphasizes the conscious need of a person for constant development, which is satisfied by regulation of various educational systems. Implementation of this concept is associated with the improvement of the entire education system, including continuous physical education of today's youth. The main goals and objectives of development of physical culture and sports in Uzbekistan are: bringing up a healthy younger generation, full promotion and development of folk games and sports, active involvement of the wider population in physical culture activities, and achieving organic unity of physical education with practical activities associated with the construction of society.
The secondary school is a main organizational center of students’ system of physical education. At school, physical education is implemented during training sessions, sports and recreational activities that are carried out in accordance with the developed and approved regulations (Law “On Physical Culture and Sports”, State Program «Соглом авлод учун» (“For a Healthy Generation”), “The program of development of physical culture and sports in Uzbekistan”. These documents consider physical development and sports as a matter of prime importance, the purpose of which is to provide mass and affordable physical education at any age.
Physical education at school age is of particular importance. Motor skills acquired at school age, as well as physical, intellectual, volitional and other qualities, become the basis for fast and high-grade mastering of professional and labor and other special motor actions, and further physical perfection in adulthood. Contribution of school physical education to young people’s personal development, shaping their attitudes and life viewpoints, moral character, intellectual and aesthetic culture, volitions, is equally important.
The game method not only develops physical qualities of schoolchildren, but also affects their mental processes: memory, attention, thinking, etc. The main defining feature of the competitive method is a specific comparison of forces under conditions of regulated competition. The competitive method is used to solve a number of pedagogical problems: upbringing of physical, volitional and moral qualities, and improvement of skills and knowledge. This method allows you to set the highest requirements for the functionality of the body, thus contributing to its highest development.
Extracurricular activities include the organization of sports sections: athletics, football, gymnastics, boxing, tennis, wrestling, Kurash, cycling, indoor soccer,
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draughts and other games. The main tasks of sports clubs at secondary schools are: (a) comprehensive physical development, health promotion and cold training of schoolchildren; (b) development of individual physical abilities at a high level in order to achieve success in sports in accordance with one’s age and sex; (c) formation in the course of training of moral and volitional qualities, development of skills of cultural behavior; (d) improvement of organizational skills in mass sports and health promotion activities with schoolchildren of all ages.
In accordance with the Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan, the establishment in 2002 of the “Children's Sports Development Fund” was an important step in the development of children's sports. The Fund serves as an effective mechanism for achieving goals and objectives in the field of children's sports. The main objectives of the Fund are help in achieving the objectives of physical education among children, and awakening an interest in sports among the younger generation. Elementary schools of Uzbekistan implement the educational program “Healthy Children” aimed at developing children's food culture as a component of a healthy lifestyle. Elementary education, as an important part of general education, is a stage at which a child’s first knowledge and skills are developed. The main tasks carried out by the program “Lessons of proper nutrition” include the formation of children’s ideas about the value of health, the need to strengthen it, getting to know the rules of a healthy lifestyle and good nutrition, mastering by children of behaviors associated with taking care of their health, and learning national cultural traditions. The program “Healthy Children” is implemented as part of classroom work, as part of extracurricular activities related to the formation of children’s basics of a healthy lifestyle. Lessons of good nutrition may be moderated by class teachers, subject teachers, and trainers. It is planned to involve more than 6,000 schoolchildren of the Republic during the first phase. Through the implementation of the program “Healthy Children”, elementary school children and their parents will build a culture of healthy eating, and this, as experts say, is a way to solve one of the most important social issues - educating a healthy generation.
It should be noted that a social and cultural process is taking place in Uzbekistan nowadays, which is a massive surge in educational and creative impulse of youth, opening the gate to the younger generation’s spiritual potential realization. The ultimate goal of this process is the comprehensive training of young people, preparing for living in society and self-development, and the ability to withstand a variety of ideological influences and solve one’s life problems.
Translated from Russian by Znanije Central Translastions Bureas
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