43THE WAY OF LIFE OF THE JAPANESE ENGLISH WRITER KAZUO
ISHIGURO
Rayhona Narzikulova
Samarkand State Institute of Foreign Languages
ABCTRACT
This article is about the life and work of the Japanese English writer Kazuo. His life experiences and achievements from his youth to the present day are described.
Keywords: famous works, royal literary society, time magazine, major literary achievement, oceanography, art teacher, author's work, "The Rest of the Day", "Don't Leave Me".
INTRODUCTION
Every year since the awarding of the Nobel Prize in Literature, the Internet has traditionally been filled with many complaints about the selection of academics. Now it has been handed over to an unknown author, then to the very famous Bob Dylan, and then to Svetlana Aleksievich, whose books are not considered literature by many. And then all of a sudden Kazuo Ishiguro became the winner who didn't expect to win the most dangerous bookmakers. And perhaps for the first time in many years, even Yuri Loza can't find fault with the Swedish academy's decision.
Kazuo Ishiguro was born in Nagasaki, but as a six-year-old he left his homeland forever and moved to Britain with his family. However, he placed the action of the first novels in Japan - more precisely, in the imaginary Japan he knew only from stories and vague childhood memories.
METHODOLOGY
Ishiguro's first novel, "Where the Mountains Are in the Rock," tells the story of an elderly Japanese woman living in England who repeatedly remembers the tragedy of Ishiguro's hometown of Nagasaki. The second novel, The Artist of the Shaped World, explored the image of World War II in the Japanese public mind. Born just a few years after the nuclear bombing, but separated from his homeland unaware of his time, distance and culture, Ishiguro found a surprising view of the events of that year, both internally and externally. The artist presented the young author with his first Booker nomination and his first major award - the Book of the Year Award, the Whitbread Award.
At the same time, he did not consider himself English. "My parents were Japanese and we spoke Japanese at home. My parents didn't know we were going to stay in this country for long, they knew it was important to keep in touch with my Japanese values. "Ishiguro was neither Japanese nor English - or, conversely, they were both typical atypical representatives of the modern era, with borders beginning to open and cultures surprisingly mixed.
Similarly, when listing the ingredients, Sarah Danius, permanent secretary of the Swedish Academy, tries to describe Ishiguro: Mix Franz Kafka with Jane Austen, add a pinch of Marcel Proust, shake - maybe you'll get something like Ishiguro.
In 1989, Ishiguro finally started wearing Japanese clothes and wrote a genuine English novel called The Remains of the Day, a monologue of an old killer in a world where traditions are paving the way under the onslaught of the new world. Apparently, English has a remarkable ability: it allows foreign language authors to move away from their native culture and write their best books in foreign traditions. Ishiguro of Japan joined Joseph Conrad of the Pole and Vladimir Nabokov of Russia: his "Remnants of the Day" turned out to be perhaps the greatest English novel of the twentieth century, with irony. He also brought the Ishiguro and Booker Award -the main prize to date in his collection.
The remnants of the day differed from Ishiguro's first novels only in their theme and tuning. Kazuo wrote it in a month, working at a crazy tempo. Six days a week, early in the morning, he locked himself in a closet and wrote for nine hours in a row, only interrupting lunch and dinner. Of course, many weeks of research were done before this achievement, and then the raw text had to be edited, but the basis of the novel was ready in a month. The disgusting regime worked very well: the rest of the day turned the young writer into a well-known author, and the adaptation of the film with Anthony Hopkins star consolidated that success.
RESULTS
Another great success - and with more adaptation - is the novel "Don't Let Me Go". In it, Ishiguro turned to fiction for the first time. Starting as a British-grown traditional "Don't Let Me Down" novel, it becomes a bitter tale of private school students growing up to hand over their members to sick people. Fifty-year-old Kazuo Ishiguro has joined a new generation of writers who have used fantastic elements without fantasy in their novels - Alex Garland, David Mitchell. For many years, Ishiguro was accepted as his own in the fantasy that his grandmother of fiction, Ursula le Guine, would finally receive a well-deserved Nobel. Kazuo Ishiguro's victory probably made them happy.
However, despite the spread of the genre, "Don't Leave Me" became a novel on a topic of traditional significance to Ishiguro - as in the old closet, by organizing rumors of the past and finding something to help him survive there. tried. be happy now and in the future ... The style of the author in this novel is also in full view. The traditional, almost Victorian-era British constraint, combined with the Japanese laconicism of the family, transforms each Ishiguro text into an elegant pattern that hides a tightly compressed source of inner tension.
In 2015, Ishiguro wrote a novel that no one expected from him. The buried giant turned out to be a historical fantasy with an ogre and a dragon in post-Arthur Britain. Ishiguro greeted classical prose with genre clichés, real England with magic, and Western legends with almost samurai battles. Critics and colleagues alike were amazed and amazed at the same time, but the art only benefited from it. Once unjustly divided genre prose and "big" literature, Ishiguro took another step towards unification thanks to him.
Minutes before the academy decision was announced, Kazuo Ishiguro was not on the list of bookmakers - there were even crazy candidates like Kanye West and Donald Trump. Many of the Nobel Prizes (and not always fair ones) fit him: Ishiguro was neither a civic activist, nor a prisoner of conscience, nor a well-known poet of third world countries. He did not make revolutions in the language and create new trends, but rather good books written and written differently ... Now even the most stubborn skeptics have to sigh and admit: yes, sometimes a literary award is given for really good literature, at most.
Kazuo Ishiguro is a 62-year-old Nobel laureate in literature. The realist will tell you which books the author deserves to read not only to be "on the subject of Nobel" but also to find reading materials with a special atmosphere.
In December, an English writer of Japanese descent will travel to Stockholm to receive the Nobel Prize in Literature. As the 2017 laureate, he has received praise from the world's literary elite, who often regret the award winners. This time, however, there were no accusations of angry criticism or over-tolerance. Even the world press has acknowledged that Kazuo Ishiguro really deserves such an award.
"If you mix Jane Austen with Franz Kafka, then we get Kazuo Ishiguro's prose, only a little Proust needs to be added to the mix," says Sarah Danius, secretary of the Swedish Academy, about the author.
Kazuo Ishiguro spoke to his parents in Japanese and received information in English. He felt like he belonged to several cultures at the same time, even though he didn't feel 100% Japanese or English.
To be cosmopolitan and facilitate communication across state borders, he was helped by a trip to the U.S. and Canada, where Kazuo traveled for a year after graduating from high school.
After that, Kazuo Ishiguro studied at the University of Kent, where in 1978 he received a bachelor's degree in English and philosophy. Two years later, Ishiguro already had a master's degree from the University of East Anglia.
In addition to higher education , the experience of a social worker in London helped Kazuo understand the true spirit of England. Surprisingly, it was Kazuo Ishiguro who, in his works, was able to successfully convey the subtleties of English thinking that "pressured" local English writers to do so.
In the interview, Kazuo Ishiguro once stressed the importance for him of the landscape inside a person's head, rather than the landscape of a particular country.
As a writer, Kazuo Ishiguro stands out not only for his plots and first-person storytelling style. He also creates completely different books, which are very different from most modern authors.
Ishiguro's first novel, published in 1982. In it, Kazuo tells the story of Etsuko, a Japanese woman living in England. The protagonist reflects on his life in Nagasaki and how his eldest daughter, Keiko, left Japan with him. It was hard for the girl to adapt to the new society, so she fell into loneliness.
Kazuo Ishiguro's book is written in the style of Japanese writers, who are easily distinguished by their narrative style, and who, together with the reader, think of the protagonist as if from the outside.
The rest of the day is the novel by Kazuo Ishiguro, who won the prestigious Booker Prize.
The protagonist of the novel is Stephen Butler, who keeps records with stories about the past and the present. He served almost all his life in Lord Darlington's house, and now does the same work in the same house. But now its owner is a rich man from America.
Critics call The Remains of the Sun one of the most English novels of the twentieth century. In it, the plot, language, and traditions are observed in the best traditions of the English.
In 1993, a screen version of "At the End of the Day" based on Kazuo Ishiguro's book was released. The film stars Anthony Hopkins, Emma Thompson and Hugh Grant. The film was well received by British and American audiences, largely due to Hopkins 'performance.
Me Let Me Go is a science fiction novel. It became a world bestseller and was included in Time magazine's list of the 100 best novels in English from 1923 to 2005.
The novel is in a dystopian UK, where people are cloned to create living organ donors - they will one day need a transplant. The protagonist, Kathy, tells the story of a boarding school where she lives with other donors who can't control their own destiny.
In the book, Kazuo Ishiguro explores the themes of free will, social inequality, and a sense of duty.
On October 5, the Swedish Academy announced the name of the Nobel Laureate in literature - Kazuo Ishiguro, author of the novels "The Rest of the Day", "Don't Leave Me", and "The Buried Giant". Ishiguro is one of the most well-known and titled modern English-speaking writers. Galina Yuzefovich, a literary critic of jellyfish, explains why awarding the Nobel Prize to Ishiguro was the right and useful decision (especially for Russian students).
In other words, the current outcome of the Nobel Prize is that in rare cases, Russian students will not only have a successful selection and a well-deserved award, but also a reason to participate in the worldwide jubilee for personal, individual and household joy in general. Ishiguro is one of the writers (less and less) who is able to provide us with a clear, practical help today and today. And now, thanks to the Nobel Prize, the fact that his name is heard everywhere, including in Russia, makes the therapeutic effect of his prose as massive and effective as possible.
The name of the new Nobel laureate in literature was announced in Stockholm on Thursday, October 5th. For 2017, it received an award in this field. Let's talk in more detail about him and his activities.
Kazuo Ishiguro was born on November 8, 1954 in Japan. His parents, Shizuo and Shizuko Ishiguro, lived in Nagasaki, where the Americans dropped the atomic bomb nine years before the writer was born. The father of the family was an oceanographer and the mother raised three children - Kazuo has two sisters. Even after moving to England, the Ishiguro family continued to speak Japanese at home. The writer, who began his creative career, retained his real name and did not receive a nickname that was understandable to the English audience and therefore commercially useful. Although he later admitted in an interview that he was unfamiliar with the culture of his native country and did not join it in any way.
DISCUSSION
In 1960, the Ishiguro family moved to Guildford, near London, UK. The author's father was offered a place here at the National Oceanographic Institute. Kazuo, according to his age, had to go to school, and his parents sent him to a primary school
in Stafton, and then to the prestigious Surrey Grammar School, founded in 1509. Here he mastered English perfectly ... After graduating from high school, Ishiguro went on a one-year vacation and traveled to the United States and Canada to improve his skills. Although the young man's mother tongue remained Japanese, he did not return to Japan and in 1982 obtained a British passport.
As a child, the future writer dreamed of a musical career. He participated in clubs and sent demos to producers, but to no avail. In time, he had to give up that dream. However, Ishiguro later wrote several songs for the already well-known writer, jazz singer Stacy Kent. His compositions can be found on the albums "Breakfast Morning Tram" (2007) and "Changing Lights" (2013). According to the author, the texts turned out to be "sincere, confidential, very personal" and their true meaning could only be read between the lines.
The future writer received a bachelor's degree in liberal art education - English literature Master of Philosophy from the University of Kent (1978) and the University of the East of England. The author's first published works were three stories from the 1981 anthology "Introduction 7: Stories of New Writers". And the following year, his first novel, "Where in the Mountain District" (1982) was published. The novel tells the story of Etsuko, a Japanese widow living in England. After her daughter commits suicide, she is disturbed by memories of Nagasaki being destroyed and rebuilt. The author's second book is again about the character of Japanese origin. The artist of the Shaky World (1986), on behalf of the artist Matsuji, who has a military background, examines the Japanese attitude to World War II. The work is Ishiguro's first major literary achievement, It received the status of the best book of the year in the UK. The author's third day, The Remaining Day (1989), tells the story of an old English butler. It is a monologue-reminiscence against the background of the disappearance of traditions, the impending world war and the rise of fascism. "Unbelievable" (1995) Ishiguro was created by people around an unknown country In Central Europe and in our time - an unusual way for him, he often reconsiders the past in his work. When We Were Orphans (2000) was in Shanghai in the first half of the 20th century. This is the story of a private detective investigating the mysterious disappearance of his parents 20 years ago. Don't Leave Me (2005) was included in Time Magazine's "Top 100 English Novels of the Century". Peru also belongs to the novels Nocturnes: 5 Musical Stories and the Fall of the Night (2009) and The Buried Giant (2015). Ishiguro's works have been translated into more than 40 languages, including his native Japanese.
Sarah Danius, head of the Nobel Prize literary jury, writer and critic, described the work of Kazuo Ishiguro as follows. He was compared to Salmon Rushdie and Henry James. Critics classify Ishiguro's works as drama, historical literature, genre literature, and even see elements of fiction and futurism in it.
The author's most successful novel, The Rest of the Day, was shot in 1993. The film was directed by James Ivory and starred Anthony Hopkins and Emma Thompson. The film was nominated for eight Oscars, including Best Personalized Screenplay, but lost to Shindler on that list. The picture on Imdb.com has a very high rating - 7.9. There was also a screening of a film starring Kerry Mulligan and Andrew Garfield (imdb.com rating - 7.2) based on Ishiguro's novel Don't Let Me Go ("Don't Let Me Go"). The Peruvian author also wrote "The Saddest Music in the World" (2003, directed by Gay Maddin) and "The Countess of White" (2005,
CONCLUSION
Prior to the Nobel Prize, Kazuo Ishiguro managed to win several awards - not just literary and not only. In particular, the Booker Prize for the novel Remnants of the Day. In addition, members of the Booker Committee voted unanimously for his work -a very rare case for an award. He was nominated for three more novels - "Artist of the Shaky World", "When We Were Orphans" and "Don't Leave Me". The artist also won the Whitbread Award. In addition, the writer has been a member of the British Royal Literary Society since 1989, an officer of the Order of the British Empire since 1995 and a knight commander of the French Order of Arts and Letters in 1998. Ishiguro also
REFERENCES
1. Muhammadjon Kholbekov, Doctor of Philology, Professor "Star of the East", 2011-1
2. https://belikebee.ru/uz/recipes/the-new-winner-of-the-nobel-prize-for-literature-the-kazuo-ishiguro-received-the-nobel-prize.html
3. The Nobel Prize in Literature 2017
