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THE STRUCTURE OF THE LEXICAL-SEMANTIC FIELD "CLOTHES/FASHION"
Ruziyeva G.T.
Ruziyeva Gulnoz Temirkulovna - Teacher, DEPARTMENT OF TEACHING ENGLISH METHODOLOGY 2, ENGLISH LANGUAGES FACULTY 2, UZBEKISTAN STATE WORLD LANGUAGES UNIVERSITY, TASHKENT, REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN
Abstract: the lexico-semantic field "Dressing" is a large number of lexical units that are characterized by semantic commonality and are interconnected by systemic relations. Or in other words, the lexico-semantic field is a hierarchical structure, whose elements are interconnected by paradigmatic relationships. Moreover, the same word can be a member of different paradigms. In our study, we pay attention to such paradigms of the field as lexical-semantic groups, thematic series and synonymic series. The sample of terms in this study includes 365 terms in the English language and 270 terms in the Uzbek language. Keywords: lexical-semantic field, language units, paradigmatic relations, terms, semes.
Having studied the definitions of the terms presented in our sample, we structured the LSF "Fashion" based on the following relationships:
1) generic relations that connect a more general concept with its particular case (for example, clothes - skirt -mermaid skirt);
2) relations of antonymy (dress up - dress down (shoulder and waist clothing); men's fashion - women's fashion (women's and men's fashion));
3) partonymy relations (for example, blouse - collar);
4) relations of incompatibility (for example, sport footwear - evening footwear).
The core of the field we are considering is the lexical units "Fashion" in Uzbek and "Fashion" in English, which express a common invariant meaning for the entire field. To determine the identifying and differentiating semes, we carried out a component analysis of the definitions of this concept. According to dictionaries, "Fashion" has the following definitions:
- Fashion is a style that is popular at a particular time, especially in clothes, hair, make-up, etc. Fashion a way of doing things.
- Fashion is a popular or the latest style of clothing, hair, decoration, or behaviour.
- Fashion is something that is popular or thought to be good at a particular time.
- Fashion is a style of clothes, hair, etc that is popular at a particular time.
- Fashion is the business or study of making and selling clothes, shoes, etc in new and changing styles.
The presented definitions allow us to distinguish identifying LSP semes "Fashion" 'popular' and 'style', while differentiating semes will be 'clothes', 'hair', 'make-up', 'shoes', 'way', 'particular time'.
To analyze the lexemes of the Uzbek language, the definitions of the dictionaries of D.N. Ushakova (Explanatory Dictionary of the Uzbek Language) and E.N. Zakharenko (New Dictionary of Foreign Words):
Fashion is: 1. The totality of tastes and views that prevail in a certain social environment in a certain, usually short time. 2. Samples of items that meet tastes (usually about clothes) [1].
Fashion - domination (often short-lived), at a certain time in a certain environment of certain tastes, preferences for clothing, household items, certain cultural values, behavior; samples of clothing items that meet such tastes [2].
The integral seme of "fashion", therefore, is 'the dominance of tastes and views', the main differentiating semes: 'in relation to clothes', 'in relation to household items', 'samples of items of clothing'.
An analysis of the definitions shows that, in a general sense, in both cultures, fashion is an indicator of the attitude in society to the elements of external culture, to style, behavior, and values. Also, the time period ('particular time', 'certain time') is important for the definition of a fashion phenomenon. Uzbek language dictionaries emphasize the fact of fast variability of fashion, as indicated by the seme of shortness. The analysis of differentiating semes allows us to consider that fashion is directly related to appearance, style, and manner of dressing.
It is difficult to argue with the fact that often when using the word "fashion" they mean exactly the clothes, the appearance of a person. In this regard, in our study, we pay special attention to terms that name specific things in the fashion industry: clothing, accessories, shoes. Because we believe that they are of key importance for characterizing this phenomenon.
In English itself, 18.1% are borrowed term elements, the main source language for which is French, but there are also borrowings from Spanish and a small number of other borrowings. Thus, there is a deeper development of the vocabulary of the English language in the field of fashion, its greater diversity. The vocabulary of the English language contains a large number of figurative words formed through secondary nomination. This allows us to draw a conclusion about the intensive development of the fashion phenomenon in the UK. At the
same time, English clothing culture is developing with a Western orientation. Consideration of the vocabulary and structure of the lexico-semantic field "Clothes" of the two languages made it possible to identify similarities and differences in the studied cultures, as well as to determine the actual means of replenishing the vocabulary.
References
1. Kubryakova E.S. Kratkiy slovar kognitivnykh terminov/ E.S. Kubryakova, V.Z. Demyankov, L.G. Luzina, Yu.G. Pancrats. M.: Philol. Faculty named after M.V.Lomonosova, 1997. 245 p.
2. Zakharenko E.N. Novyy slovar inostrannyx slov / E.N. Zakharenko, L.N. Komarova. M.: Azbukovnik, 2003. 784 p.
