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THE STRATEGIC DIRECTIONS OF IMPORT SUBSTITUTION IN THE RUSSIAN MARKET OF THE EQUIPMENT FOR PLANT PROTECTION AND APPLICATION OF FERTILIZERS
СТРАТЕГИЧЕСКИЕ ВЕКТОРЫ ИМПОРТОЗАМЕЩЕНИЯ НА РОССИЙСКОМ РЫНКЕ ЭНЕРГЕТИЧЕСКИХ МОЩНОСТЕЙ И ОБОРУДОВАНИЯ ДЛЯ ЗАЩИТЫ РАСТЕНИЙ И ВНЕСЕНИЯ УДОБРЕНИЙ
Polukhin A.A.1'2, Doctor of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor, Professor of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Head of the Sector Полухин A.A.1'2, доктор экономических наук, доцент, профессор РАН,
заведующий сектором Alekseev K.I.1, Candidate of Economic Sciences, Leading Researcher Алексеев К.И.1, кандидат экономических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник
E-mail: mtb apk@rambler.ru Ilyushina L.N.2, Postgraduate Student Илюшина Л.H.2, аспирант E-mail: Lilya.777Ilyshina@mail.ru ''Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Federal Research Center of Agrarian Economy and Social Development of Rural Areas - All Russian
Research Institute of Agricultural Economics", Moscow, Russia 1ФГБНУ «Федеральный научный центр аграрной экономики и социального развития сельских территорий - Всероссийский научно-исследовательский
институт экономики сельского хозяйства», Москва, Россия 2Federal State Budgetary Educational Establishment of Higher Education "Orel State Agrarian University named after N.V. Parakhin", Orel, Russia 2ФГБОУ ВО «Орловский государственный аграрный университет имени Н.В. Парахина», Орел, Россия
The import substitution problem in the market of the equipment for agrochemical works is considered in the article. The data concerning the main types of agricultural machinery for crop tending and plant protection, a ratio of a number of domestic and foreign machinery in the Russian market of the equipment for agrochemical works and the main producers of sprayers and spreaders of mineral fertilizers and also volumes of their realization within the measures of the State program of the development of agriculture and regulation of the markets of agricultural production, raw materials and food for 2013-2020 are given in it. The research was carried out in the context of combined researches and scientists' coordination from the Federal State Funded Research Institution of the Federal Research Center of All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Agricultural Economics and the thematic plan of the Russian Federation 0569-2015-0013 "Improving the organizational and economic mechanism of equipment and material maintenance of livestock branches under the conditions of import substitution in the resource markets". The export potential of agricultural engineering industry in the Russian Federation was the object of the research. The sources of the empirical information were the data of the official statistics and data of the All-Russian agricultural census of 2016 and data of the Ministry of Agriculture. Currently, the problem of import substitution is very relevant, including the full provision of the country with domestic agricultural production and its food independence from imports, as well as import substitution in the Russian agricultural machinery market due to economic sanctions imposed by Western governments. A further increase in the volume of crop production is possible only because of modern agricultural technologies and modern equipment for agrochemical works. Therefore, import substitution in the market of equipment for agrochemical works is of great importance for ensuring food independence of Russia. Taking into account the above information, we conducted a study aimed at justifying the export orientation of agricultural engineering. The questions of the state support for the development, creation, testing and introduction of new equipment and also the state support for the stimulation of technical and technological modernization of the agriculture are considered in the article as well. Key words: strategic direction, economic, market of agricultural machinery, plant protection.
В статье рассматривается проблема импортозамещения на рынке оборудования для агрохимических работ. В ней приведены данные, касающиеся основных видов сельскохозяйственной техники для ухода за растениями и защиты растений, соотношения ряда отечественных и зарубежных машин на российском рынке оборудования для агрохимических работ и основных производителей опрыскивателей и разбрасывателей минеральных удобрений, а также объемов их реализации в рамках мероприятий государственной программы развития сельского хозяйства и регулирования рынков сельскохозяйственной продукции, сырья и продовольствия на 2013-2020 годы. Исследование проводилось в рамках совместной научно-исследовательской и научно-координационной работы ФГБНУ ФНИЦ Всероссийского научно-исследовательского института экономики сельского хозяйства и тематического плана Российской Федерации 0569-2015-0013 «Совершенствование организационно-экономического механизма оснащения и материально-технического обеспечения животноводческих отраслей в условиях импортозамещения на ресурсных рынках». Объектом исследования стал экспортный потенциал сельскохозяйственного машиностроения в Российской Федерации. Источниками эмпирической информации стали данные официальной статистики и данные Всероссийской сельскохозяйственной переписи 2016 года и данные Министерства сельского хозяйства. В настоящее время очень актуальна проблема импортозамещения, в том числе полного обеспечения страны отечественным сельскохозяйственным производством и ее продовольственной независимости от импорта, а также импортозамещения на рынке сельскохозяйственной техники России из-за экономических санкций против, введенных западными странами. Дальнейшее увеличение объемов продукции растениеводства возможно лишь на основе современных агротехнологий и современного оборудования для агрохимических работ. Поэтому импортозамещение на рынке оборудования для агрохимических работ имеет большое значение для обеспечения продовольственной независимости России. Принимая во внимание вышеизложенную информацию, провели исследование, направленное на обоснование экспортной ориентации сельскохозяйственного машиностроения. В статье также рассматриваются вопросы государственной поддержки разработки, создания, испытаний и внедрения нового оборудования, а также государственной поддержки стимулирования технической и технологической модернизации сельского хозяйства.
Ключевые слова: стратегическое направление, экономика, рынок сельскохозяйственной техники, защита растений.
Introduction. Nowadays an issue of import substitution is very relevant, including complete provision of the country with domestic agricultural production and its food independence on import and also import substitution in the market of agricultural machinery of Russia because of economic sanctions against Russia imposed by the western countries. It is possible to provide further increase of crop production, applying mineral and organic fertilizers and also with the means of plant protection on the basis of modern agrotechnologies and modern equipment for agrochemical works. Therefore import substitution in the market of the equipment for agrochemical works is of great importance for ensuring food independence of Russia.
Taking the above mentioned information into consideration, we have conducted the research directed at justification of the export orientation of agricultural engineering industry.
Conditions, material and methods. The research was carried out in the context of combined researches and scientists' coordination from the Federal State Funded Research Institution of the Federal Research Center of All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Agricultural Economics and the thematic plan of FASO of the Russian Federation 0569-2015-0013 "Improving the organizational and economic mechanism
of equipment and material maintenance of livestock branches under the conditions of import substitution in the resource markets".
The export potential of agricultural engineering industry in the Russian Federation was the object of the research. The sources of the empirical information were the data of the official statistics and data of the All-Russian agricultural census of 2016 and data of the Ministry of Agriculture.
Mathematical and statistical data processing was carried out by means of the standard techniques of the economic analysis. The monographic method, methods of expert assessment, analysis and synthesis were used for the justification of the development directions.
Results and Discussion. In the Strategy of agricultural mechanical engineering the development for the period till 2030 established by the Ministry of Industry and Trade of the Russian Federation together with the Association "Rosspetsmash" and approved by the order of the Government of the Russian Federation on July 7, 2017 № 1455-r it is emphasized that the size of the machinery market for application of fertilizers and chemical plant protection is 8 billion rubles. At the same time agricultural machinery of the Russian production is presented generally in a low price segment (for example, light sprayers).
But the equipment fleet for the mechanization of agrochemical application processes continues to decrease. Besides, it is considerably worn-out. For example, the wear of the fleet of mineral fertilizer spreaders is more than 70% and organic fertilizer spreaders is 85% now [1].
According to Rosstat, the greatest decrease in agricultural machinery for crop tending and plant protection in agricultural organizations in comparison with 2011 was in 2016,it was 23% in machinery for entering solid organic fertilizers into the soil, in machinery for entering liquid organic fertilizers into the soil it was 6.3% and for spreaders of solid mineral fertilizers it was 4,8% (table 1).
Table 1 - Availability of the main kinds of agricultural machinery for crop tending and
plant protection in the agricultural organiza tions of Russia, thous.pieces [2]
Indicator 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2016 % by 2011
Sprinklers and irrigation machinesand complexes 5.3 5.2 5.2 5.7 5.9 6.0 113.2
Spreaders of hard and mineral fertilizers 16.5 16.3 15.8 15.8 15.5 15.7 95.2
Applicators of:
hard organic fertilizers 6.1 5.6 5.2 5.1 4.8 4.7 77.0
liquid organic applicators 3,8 3,7 3,6 3,7 3,6 3,6 94,7
Spraying machines andtractor insecticide dust sprayers -in all 23.2 23.1 22.7 23.1 22.4 22.8 98.3
Seed dressers 7.6 7.5 7.5 7.6 7.6 7.6 100.0
In the National report "About the course and results of realization in 2016 of the State program of the development of agriculture and regulation of agricultural products markets, food and raw materials markets for 2013-2020" it is stated that the main number of agricultural machinery for crop tending and plant protection belong to agricultural organizations producing farm machinery (table 2).
Table 2 - Availability of main types of agricultural machinery for crop tending and plant protection in the agricultural organizations of Russia in 2016, pieces [3]_
Indicator Agricultural organizations Including org anizations:
producing agricultural machinery providing services in agriculture
Sprinklers and irrigation machines and complexes 5983 5728 255
Spreaders of hard and mineral fertilizers 15653 15564 89
Applicators of:
hard organic fertilizers 4669 4645 24
liquid organic fertilizers 3634 3631 3
Spraying machines and tractor insecticide dust sprayers 22806 22674 132
Seed dressers 7598 7553 45
At the same time the number of the domestic equipment for agrochemical works in the Russian market is much less than the number of such equipment arriving from foreign countries. Within 2011-2014 the share of domestic machinery for introduction mineral fertilizers in the Russian market decreased from 37.9% in 2011 up to 8.7% in 2014, and the share of import increased correspondently from 62.1 to 91.3%. At the same time the share of sprayers of the Russian production increased from 15.6% in 2011 up to 25.4% in 2014, and the share of import decreased correspondently from 84.4 to 74.8% (Table 3) [1].
Table 3 - Russian production (sale) and import of the machinery for agrochemical works [1 ]
Machinery 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
pcs. % pcs. % pcs. % pcs. % pcs. %
Mineral fertilizers applicators, in all 2095 100 1821 100 1456 100 2564 100 5552 100
of which: Russian production (sale) 794 37.9 657 36.1 638 43.8 222 8.7 386 7.0
import 1301 62.1 1164 63.9 818 56.2 2342 91.3 5166 93.0
Sprinklers, in all 2475 100 2659 100 2462 100 3221 100 2100 100
of which: Russian production (sale) 385 15.6 608 22.9 633 24 813 25.2 509 24.2
import 2090 84.4 2051 77.1 2009 76 2406 74.8 1591 75.8
Note: * tabulated on the basis of "
Rosagromash" data.
According to the Federal Customs Service of Russia, in the first quarter of 2016 the volume of import deliveries of solid mineral fertilizers spreaders in comparison with
the first quarter of 2015 was by 66% bigger in size and by 111 % in value terms, and of sprayers by 118 and 272% correspondently. At the same time the first five countries which delivered this equipment to Russia were Germany (32.5% of deliveries in value terms), Republic of Belarus (20.3%), Poland (12.2%), the Netherlands (10.1%) and Denmark (7.9%) [1].
The main producers of sprayers and spreaders of mineral fertilizers and also volumes of their realization within the actions of the State program of development of agriculture and regulation of the markets of agricultural production, raw materials and food for 2013-2020, are shown in table 4.
Table 4 - Producers and volumes of realization of sprinklers and spreaders of mineral
fertilizers within the measures of the State program for 2013-2020 in Russia [3]
Producers of agricultural machinery Machinery Factual cumulative volume of the subsidiaries, thous. rub. Sold machinery, units.
2014 2015 2016 2014 2015 2016
PC "Evrotekhnika" Sprinklers, spreaders, drills 50314.7 224310.3 558079.8 122 251 403
LLCRPC "Belagromash" Sprinklers, drills, spreaders of mineral fertilizers - - 16785.3 - - 38
LLC "Pegas-Agro" Sprinklers, spreaders 6044.95 32256.2 15176.0 14 65 17
LLC "Salskselmash" Sprinklers - - 802.4 - - 13
OJCS "Taospectr" Sprinklers - - - - - -
This table shows that the main producer of sprayers and spreaders of mineral fertilizers is JSC "Evrotekhnika".
The largest growth of domestic production of sprayers in the first quarter of 2016 in comparison with the first quarter of 2015 was shown by the following enterprises: LLC "Combine harversterplant Rostselmash" (Rostov region) - 300%, JSC "Evrotekhnika" (Samara region) - 272%, LLC "Pegasus-agro" (Samara region) - 131 % [1].
One of the main conditions of the successful solution for a task of import substitution in the market of agricultural machinery is the state support of development, creation, testing and introduction of the new equipment and also the state support for stimulation of technical and technological modernization of agriculture.
The development of scientific and technical progress demands periodic updating of construction of cars according to the need to increase labour productivity, changing technologies of agricultural production, emergence of new requirements to the quality of carrying out mechanized works. Therefore the development, i.e. design, creation, testing and introduction of new equipment is necessary. The development of the equipment, for example, for soil-cultivating, sowing and other agricultural worksthe manufacturers can and must carry out at the expense of their own means. But the development of the complicated machinery of new generation, for example, of tractors and their units (engines, transmission, etc.), demands bigger financing, and domestic manufacturers can't carry it out because of thelack of their own financial means. That
is the reason why the enterprises carry out, generally modernization of the produced equipment which in the technical and economic parameters practically doesn't differ from the basic models. In this regard domestic cars lagged behind the western analogues in their design. Therefore state financial support is necessary.
The volume of investment into the modernization, development and assimilation of new samples by the producers of sprayers in 2016 is shown in table 5.
Table 5 - The volume of investments into modernization, development and
assimilation of new samples by prod ucers of sprayers in 2016 [3]
Indicator PC "Evrotekhnika" LLCRPC "Belagromash" LLC "Pegas-Agro" OJCS "Taospectr" LLC "Salskselmash"
Investment volume into the main production, thous. rub.:
plan 10000 60000 40000 250 20000
fact 12717.7 17192.5 50968.9 - -
% contr. 127.18 28.65 127.42 0.00 0.00
Volume of investments into the development and assimilation of new samples of machinery and modernization of the models of agricultural machinery, thous. rub.
plan - 30000 500 50 6000
fact - 10700.4 852.5 - 802.4
% contr. - 35.67 170.51 0.00 13.37
Subsidiaries contributed in2016, thous. rub. 558079.8 16785.3 15176.0 - 802.4
% of the total volume of the investment to the volume of contributed subsidiaries 2.28 166.17 341.47 - 100.00
This table shows that only LLC "Pegas-agro" of five domestic manufacturers of sprayers in 2016 increased the volume of investment both in the main production, and the volume of investment into development and assimilation of new types of agricultural machinery or modernization of models of agricultural machinery and also has big percent of total amount of investments to the volume of the listed subsidies. JSC "Evrotekhnika" increased only the volume of investment into the main production, but it wasn't engaged into the investment of developments and assimilation of new types of agricultural machinery or modernization of models of agricultural machinery. LLC NPF "Belagromash" under fulfilled the plans both on the volume of investment and in the main production to a great extent, and to the volume of investment into the development and assimilation of new types of agricultural machinery or modernization of models of agricultural machinery; but has big percent of total amount of investments to the volume of the listed subsidies.
The federal authorities carry out financing of the development of modern high-production agricultural machinery. For example, in the resolution of the Government of the Russian Federation on September 23, 2016 No. 957 "About granting subsidies
from the federal budget to the organizations of agricultural mechanical engineering for compensation of a part of costs for transportation, homologation and confirmation of compliance of production to the international standards" subsidies from the federal budget are provided from the federal budget in 2016 to the organizations of agricultural mechanical engineering for compensation of a part of costs of transportation, homologation and confirmation of compliance of production to the international standards in the amount of 1,5 billion rubles. The homologation and confirmation of compliance of production to the international standards is understood as carrying out research and development in the field of agricultural mechanical engineering, including improvement of its design, for ensuring compliance of production to the international technical requirements. About 90% of costs of carrying out research and development in the field of agricultural mechanical engineering, completion, adaptation of the equipment and up to 100% of expenses on its certification for the foreign markets are compensated [4].
The resolution of the Government of the Russian Federation on December 30, 2013 N 1312 "About the approval of Rules of granting subsidies from the federal budget to the Russian organizations on compensation of a part of costs of carrying out research and development in the priority directions of the civil industry within implementation of complex investment projects by such organizations" amended and restated on April 9, 2016 establishes an order of granting subsidies from the federal budget to the Russian organizations on compensation of a part of costs of carrying out research and development in the priority directions of the civil industry within implementation of complex investment projects by such organizations. The subsidies are provided to the organizations undergone competitive selection on the right of receiving a subsidy for compensation of a part of costs for carrying out the research, developmental and technological works which are directly connected with the creation of production within implementation of complex investment projects in the priority directions of the civil industry. At the meeting "About the organization of carrying out spring field works in 2017" which took place in the Council of Federation Committee for Agrarian and Food Policy and Environmental Management, the Deputy Minister of Industry and Trade of the Russian Federation Morozov A.N. reported that within the resolution No. 1312 and with attraction of loans of Industrial Development Fund 14 projects on the development and mass production of the modern equipment, including tractors, high-production combine and forage harvesters, the equipment for crop production and the equipment for livestock production are implemented.
In the Strategy of the development of agricultural mechanical engineering until 2030 established by the Ministry of Industry and Trade of Russia together with "Rosspetsmash" association and approved by the order of the Government of the Russian Federation on July 7, 2017 No. 1455-r it is emphasized that within the operation of this resolution of the Government of the Russian Federation by the Russian producers 7 projects for the total amount of 566.26 million rubles are carried out. All developed cars are put into series manufacturing. Besides, the Industrial Development Fund developed the mechanism of concessionary financing, which allowed enterprises to implement investment projects for the total amount of 760 million rubles. In total in 2016 Russian producers presented 278 new models and modifications of agricultural machinery in the market. One of the main objectives of the Strategy is stimulation of investments growth into carrying out research and development of new types of competitive farm vehicles and increase in the volume of investment into research and development up to 10 billion rubles is planned. The share of expenses on carrying out research and development in the total amount of revenue
of the enterprises of the agricultural mechanical engineering has to grow from 0.7% in 2017 up to 3.2% in 2030. To improve the technical level of agricultural mechanical engineering products and increase its consumer appeal it is necessary to stimulate increase branch expenses on carrying out research and development and also creation of conditions for direct interaction of the enterprises of branch of agricultural mechanical engineering with the scientific organizations for developments of new technical solutions, products and technologies.
In Russia there is a little progress in design, creation, testing and introduction of new equipment for agronomy works in the recent years. For example, the Volga region machine station carried out comparative tests of spreaders of mineral fertilizers Tuman-2 (LLC "Pegasus-agro") and ZAM-1500 (JSC "Evrotekhnika") in the fields of the Samara region; MDS-935 (Rauch, Germany) and MVU-900 (LLC "AgroTECH", the Rostov region) in the fields of Krasnodar Region. The best operational and economic indicators are received with the new self-propelled spreader of the mineral fertilizers Tuman-2 which exceeds all the compared cars, including a foreign analogue, [1] in its productivity and fuel consumption.
The main action as a measure of the state support of technical and technological modernization of agriculture is to provide subsidies at the expense of means of the federal budget to producers of the agricultural machinery to compensatethe costs forthe agricultural machinery production, implemented to agricultural producers at a discount. To preserve subsidies for purchasing domestic agricultural machinery the resolution of the Government of the Russian Federation on December 27, 2012 No. 1432 "About the approval of rules for granting subsidies to producers of agricultural machinery" was accepted and JSC "Rosagroleasing" participates directly in it.
The Government of the Russian Federation defined measures to help agricultural machinery producers which were applied in 2016 (the order of the Government of the Russian Federation on March 25, 2016 No. 501-r). 9.9 billion rubles was paid for the implementation of the following program. The total amount of additional subsidizing of the organizations producing tractors, combine harvesters and the other agricultural equipment was 8 billion rubles. 500 million rubles more were directed to updating educational base of engineering faculties of agricultural higher education institutions.
The demand for the domestic equipment was so high that the volume of subsidies was 15 billion rubles. In 2016 Russian enterprises, using this tool, could sell machinery for 35 billion rubles more. During the action of the program (2013-2016) the sum of the provided subsidy exceeded 18.4 billion rubles that allowed additionally to deliver agricultural equipment for the sum of 81.5 billion rubles [5]
As a result of the successful implementation of the resolution of the Government of the Russian Federation of December 27, 2012 No. 1432 during 2013-2016 the number of the sold domestic tractors and towed- and mounted machinery which includes cars for application fertilizers and chemical protection of plants that found reflection in the National report "About the course and results of realization in 2016 of the State program of development of agriculture and regulation of the agricultural production, raw materials and food markets for 2013-2020" (table 6) grew.
Table 6 - The efficiency of the demand stimulation in the Russian market of agricultural machinery [3]_
Indicator 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
Agricultural machinery sold within the state program
Tractors, pcs. 37 191 979 1263 2960
Towed and mounted machinery, pcs. 192 1209 3125 10767 12687
The table shows that the realization of domestic tractors grew from 37 pieces in 2013 to 1263 pieces in 2016, or by 34 times, and towed- and mounted machinery from 192 pieces to 10767 pieces or by 56 times. An increase in realization of tractors in comparison with 2016 by 2.3 times, and of towed and mounted equipment by 1.2 times is planned for 2017.
Financing the State program of agriculture development and regulation of the agricultural production, raw materials and food markets for 2017 is provided in the Federal law "About the Federal Budget for 2017 and for the period of 2018 and 2019" approved on December 19, 2016. 9.38 billion rubles are contributed to the Development of agricultural mechanical engineering (subsidies to the Russian producers of self-propelled and towed machinery to compensate a part of job expenses, a part of costs for the use of energy resources by the power-intensive enterprises and parts of the expenses connected with the release and support of guarantee certificates concerning the high-production self-propelled and towed machinery).
Also according to the Order of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 715-r of April 17, 2017 to ensure additional production of agricultural machinery budgetary appropriations in the sum of 13.7 billion rubles are contributed to the Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation for granting subsidies to producers of agricultural machinery from the reserve fund of the Government of the Russian Federation in 2017.
In 2017 the number of producers of agricultural machinery which sell products at a discount grew up to 80. The resolution of the Government of the Russian Federation of March 4, 2017 No. 261 changed the Rules of granting subsidies to producers of agricultural machinery within the resolution of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 1432. From March 17, 2017 the rate was lowered from 30% to 20% for the regions of the Siberian and Far East districts and alsofor the Republic of Crimea, Sevastopol and the Kaliningrad region; and for other regions of Russia it decreased from 25 to 15%. The main reason for the decrease in the size of a subsidy and a discount is the limitation of budgetary funds and impossibility to extend the list of the program participants - the Russian producers of agricultural machinery [5].
In the Strategy of development of agricultural mechanical engineering until 2030 developed by Minpromtorg of Russia together with Rosspetsmash Association and approved by the order of the Government of the Russian Federation of July 7, 2017 No. 1455-r within the first stage (2018-2021) introduction of the financial measures of state support directed to the accelerated updating of the park of the equipment that has to result in sharp demand for the domestic equipment is planned. For this purpose Minpromtorg of Russia suggests to prolong operations of the resolution of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 1432 till 2021, having provided gradual decrease in discounts from 15% in 2017 to 5% by 2021. To the program in 2018-2021 it is planned to direct 45 billion rubles of the budgetary subsidies. Following the results of the first stage (large-scale state support, investments into research and development and into growth of recognition of production in foreign markets is planned) by 2023 domestic manufacturers have to occupy 80% of the market. Following the results of the second stage by 2025 export has to make 50% of shipments that will allow to load capacities to 80-90%. Following the results of the third stage annual production has to grow three times, approximately to 300 billion rubles, and the share of expenses on research and development in revenue to reach 3%. At the same time criteria of delivery of state support become tougher (the main measure - the discounts subsidized from the budget). At the third stage it is planned to remove direct financial stimulation of branch in general. But also before reduction of quantity of imported components and technological operations is supposed: in the 719th government resolution where operations when which performing production is considered Russian are
registered, will introduce the new requirements in particular stimulating production of components. As a result by 2030 the share of imported components in product cost will decrease from 35% to 10%. Obligations for the outputs and export will become other important condition of receiving state subsidies.
According to "Rosspetsmash" Association of July 25, 2017, the total amount of subsidies according to the made contracts exceeded the contributed 13.7 billion rubles. Therefore the plants stopped realization of the equipment according to the Program No. 1432. The preservation of production rates in the current year requires 4.4 more billion rubles for the subsidiaries. If the amount of financing according to the Program No. 1432 in 2017 doesn't increase, then increase in production of agricultural machinery in Russia will be reduced and by the end of 2017 it will be 12%. Also subsidizing of agricultural machinery producers in 2018-2020 isn't included into the federal budget.
In our opinion, such decrease in discounts and insufficient financing of the program in 2017 and also the refusal of its financing in 2018-2020 can reduce positive effect from implementation of this resolution which was reached in 2016.
Findings. The strategic directions of import substitution in the Russian market of the equipment for plant protection and application of fertilizers:
- increase in the share of the Russian equipment in the market, especially in segments with a high dependence on import, such as equipment for plant protection and application of fertilizers;
- ensuring increase in production and realization of the Russian machinery by means of increasing competitive advantages and the state support;
- increase in science intensity of mechanical engineering of Russia by means of the state stimulation of the investment into scientific research;
- capturing new niches in the world market of agricultural machinery.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
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3. The national report "About the course and results of realization in 2016 of the State program of development of agriculture and regulation of the agricultural production, raw materials and food markets for 2013-2020" // URL: http://mcx.ru/activity/state-support/programs/program-2013-2020/ (access date 05.01.2019).
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5. Changes are made to the program of subsidizing producers of agricultural machinery. The press release of 17.03.2017 // URL: http://www.rosagromash.ru/32-uncategorised/1046-vneseny-izmeneniya-v-programmu-subsidirovaniya-proizvoditelej-selkhoztekhniki (access date 05.01.2019).
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