CC BY
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3. Allayorov Ya.N.,. Rasulova M., Yusupova D.U. Pathological obstetrics. Samarkand, 2007.
UDC 338.432: 631.576.3 (477)
Bohdaniuk E. V.
PhD, Senior lecturer of the department of Statistics and Economic Analysis National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine
Kyiv, Ukraine Rakitina V. V.
Student of Economics Faculty, National University of Life and Environmental
Sciences of Ukraine Kyiv, Ukraine
THE STATE AND PROSPECTS OF GRAIN PRODUCTION IN UKRAINE
Annotation. The article is devoted to research the state and prospects of grain production in Ukraine.
Keywords: grain and legume crops, statistical evaluation, production.
At the present stage of development of agriculture, an important task is to ensure the proper production of grain, which is crucial for the entire agrarian sector of the economy. Grain farming is the basis of agrarian production, and its level of development is one of the most important indicators of the state of the economy of Ukraine.
Ukraine's natural and climatic conditions and fertile soil contribute to the cultivation of grain crops and allow high-quality food crops to be obtained in quantities sufficient to meet domestic needs and create export potential. It should be noted that in 2017-2018, Ukraine entered the top 10 grain crop producers. The world's main grain producers in 2017-2018 are 10 countries: China (499.9 million tons); US (436.4 million tons); India (248.1 million tons); Russia (125.9 million tons); Brazil (109.9 million tons); Argentina (67.3 million tonnes); Ukraine (61.5 million tons); Canada (56.2 million tons); Indonesia (48.4 million tonnes); Pakistan (38.9 million tons).
During 2000 - 2017 years, we can see an increase in the volume of grain production in Ukraine in average of the analyzed years - 8.35 mln.tons. There is also an increase in the yield of grain crops in the country on average for the analyzed period on 5.43 c/ha (Graph 1) [1].
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80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10
I Yield, c/ha
Production, mln. tons
y = 8.3457x + 19.107^^^^ ^——
= 5.4286x + 14.667
2000
2005
2010 2015
Years
2016
2017
Graph 1. Dynamics of grain production in Ukraine, 2000 - 2017 years
Considering the sown area under the grain in Ukraine it should be noted the general tendency to it reducing on average for the analyzed period on 319.2 ths. hectares. Such a reduction is mainly due to an increase in technical crops in the arable structure in all categories of farms in Ukraine (Graph 2) [1]. 12500
12000
11500
11000
10500
10000
9500
2000
2005
2010
2015
2016
2017
Years
Graph 2. Dynamics of grain area in Ukraine, 2000 - 2017 years Each region of Ukraine produces a certain amount of grain crops. In Table 1 the production of grain and legume crops by fields is represented. So, analyzing the last one, 2017 year, we can say that the three leading production companies included the Vinnytsia, Odesa and Poltava regions, and the smallest production is in the Transcarpathian, Chernivtsi and Ivano-Frankivsk regions.
0
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Table 1
Crop production by regions of Ukraine, 2000 - 2017 years, mln. tons
Region 2000 2010 2013 2015 2016 2017
Vinnytsia 1744,5 3111,3 4852,3 3768,3 5563,5 4888,9
Volin 503,1 579,4 902,0 1062,3 1109,7 1165,2
Dnipropetrovsk 1571,4 2708,6 3710,3 3866,2 3480,8 3578,4
Donetsk 1011,0 1796,6 2210,3 1536,1 1793,4 1908,0
Zhytomyr 721,4 1086,9 2108,6 1459,6 2093,9 1993,7
Transcarpathian 166,8 255,8 325,0 332,4 412,4 390,1
Zaporozhye 1150,1 1905,4 2111,0 2728,1 2624,4 2907,1
Ivano-Frankivsk 253,1 346,5 677,6 688,5 772,8 753,7
Kyiv 1430,5 2003,0 3343,0 2820,0 3327,5 2646,9
Kirovograd 1378,4 2374,1 3781,4 3313,9 3725,8 2858,0
Lugansk 441,7 811,1 1292,9 992,8 1274,2 1276,2
Lviv 481,4 622,7 1186,1 1366,3 1428,8 1417,0
Nikolaev 921,3 2200,7 2803,8 2896,4 2725,5 2674,6
Odessa 1581,3 2928,7 3670,8 3489,0 4403,3 4264,9
Poltava 1407,8 2853,7 5639,6 5363,2 5783,1 4241,4
Rivne 494,7 635,8 1108,6 1101,5 1300,5 1208,7
Sumy 967,6 1323,9 3588,1 3734,5 3816,2 3686,2
Ternopil 740,6 1261,0 2228,9 2199,0 2448,6 2622,3
Kharkiv 1267,6 1266,5 4201,5 4209,7 4316,7 3859,2
Kherson 1166,3 1514,8 1686,4 2621,9 2262,4 2545,4
Khmelnitsky 1241,7 1742,8 3039,5 2792,9 3085,5 3421,4
Cherkassy 1594,1 2531,1 4068,5 3745,5 4091,7 2926,5
Chernivtsi 325,9 488,5 625,5 523,5 507,4 603,9
Chernihiv 832,3 1518,2 3123,6 3514,2 3739,9 4079,0
According to industry experts, Ukrainian farmers still harvest about 4 t/ha of wheat and a little more - 5 t/ha of corn, while European farmers have reached an average of 8 t/ha of wheat, while in the United States the average yield of corn is 11 t/ha [2]. At the same time, unlike many European producers, we remain profitable. And even despite shifting climatic zones, the analysis of the dynamics of grain production indicates that the yield index in Ukraine continues to grow. The reason for the
"MnpoBaa HayKa" №12(21) 2018 science-j.com
increase in yield is hidden in the production of grain and oilseeds, as well as in the future, the expansion of the volumes of irrigation fields.
According to the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) and the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), global cereal and cereal consumption is expected to increase by 2026, a projected increase of 13% compared to the base period (2014-2016), to 2863 million tons [3]. The expected increase in production, including as a consequence of grain exports, will significantly improve Ukraine's position in world trade. Such a tendency will, of course, have a positive effect on Ukraine's domestic market and on the welfare of the population.
References
1. State Statistics Service. 2018. Plant Growing of Ukraine (Statistical Collection).
2. Gorbachev N. What are the prospects of the grain market of Ukraine until 2030? Retrieved from https://delo.ua/business/jaki-perspektivi-zernovogo-rinku-ukrajini-do-2030-roku-344436/.
3. Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. Retrieved from http://www.oecd.org.
UDK 6.614
Ibragimova Xanifa Matkarimovna
teacher
Ubaydullayeva Dilfuza Djurabayevna
teacher
Ferghana 1-medical college Uzbekistan, Ferghana city HEALTHCARE SYSTEM IN UZBEKISTAN AND ITS LEGAL
FRAMEWORK
Annotation: In this article described healthcare system in Uzbekistan and its legal framework, reforms and practice.
Key words: healthcare system, legal framework, nursing work, patient.
State healthcare system of the Republic of Uzbekistan Ministry of Health, Ministry of Health of the Republic of Karakalpakstan Ministry of Health, regions, city of Tashkent city administrative bodies, their city and district subdivisions. State-owned public health system and state health care system management treatment-prophylactic and scientific-research establishments, clinics, medical and pharmaceutical staff, and their re-training institutions, pharmacy enterprises and organizations, sanitary-and-prophylactic institutions, forensic medicine expertise institutions, medical products and medicine The main activity of the enterprises producing the equipment is the citizens other health care organizations and institutions organizations.
Clinics of research institutes, ministries, agencies, public health services, public enterprises, institutions and organizations and pharmaceutical institutions public health system. Public health provided by the state budget health care
"MnpoBaH HayKa" №12(21) 2018 science-j.com
