16DOI: 10.24412/2181-1385-2023-2-369-373
THE ROLE OF EDUCATION IN UZBEKISTAN'S DEVELOPMENT AND
MODERNIZATION
Sevara Asanbaevna Kurbanova
Tashkent State University of Economics, Independent researcher of "Socio-humanitarian and exact sciences" department. inyasevara@gmail .com
This article explores the importance of education in Uzbekistan's development and modernization. The paper discusses the main areas where education can contribute to development, including improving access to education, modernizing the education system, fostering entrepreneurship, building a skilled workforce, and promoting innovation and research. It also examines the current state of education in Uzbekistan, including challenges in access to education for certain populations.
The article highlights the potential benefits of promoting innovation and research for Uzbekistan's development and modernization, such as economic growth, increased competitiveness, improved quality of life, enhanced international cooperation, and environmental sustainability.
Overall, this article provides a comprehensive overview of the crucial role of education in Uzbekistan's development and modernization, as well as the challenges that must be addressed to achieve these goals. The paper emphasizes the importance of investing in education to promote long-term growth and success for the country.
Keywords: Education, Development, Modernization, Uzbekistan, Access to Education, Education System, Entrepreneurship, Skilled Workforce, Innovation.
Ushbu maqola O'zbekiston taraqqiyoti va modernizatsiyasida ta'limning ahamiyati yoritilgan, shuningdek, ta'limning taraqqiyotga hissa qo'shishi mumkin bo'lgan asosiy yo'nalishlari, jumladan, ta'lim olish imkoniyatlarini yaxshilash, ta'lim tizimini modernizatsiya qilish, tadbirkorlikni rivojlantirish, malakali ishchi kuchini yaratish, innovatsiyalar va tadqiqotlarni rag'batlantirish kabilar tahlil qilingan. Maqolada O'zbekistonni rivojlantirish va modernizatsiya qilish uchun innovatsiyalar va tadqiqotlarni rag'batlantirishning iqtisodiy o'sish, raqobatbardoshlikni oshirish, hayot sifatini oshirish, xalqaro
ABSTRACT
ANNOTATSIYA
April, 2023
National University of Uzbekistan
Google Scholar indexed
DOI: 10.24412/2181-1385-2023-2-369-373
hamkorlikni kengaytirish va ekologik barqarorlik kabi salohiyatli afzalliklari haqida fikr yuritilgan.
Kalit so'zlar: ta'lim, taraqqiyot, modernizatsiya, O'zbekiston, ta'lim modernizastiyasi, ta'lim tizimi, tadbirkorlik, malakali kadrlar, innovatsiyalar.
Education has long been recognized as a critical component of national development, and this is no exception for Uzbekistan. Since the country gained its independence in 1991, there has been a concerted effort to modernize and reform the education system to meet the needs of the modern world. This article examines the role of education in Uzbekistan's development and modernization.
Uzbekistan has made significant progress in expanding access to education over the past few decades. According to the World Bank, the net enrollment rate for primary education in Uzbekistan has increased from 89 percent in 1990 to nearly 100 percent in 2021. Similarly, the net enrollment rate for secondary education has increased from 68 percent in 1990 to 96 percent in 2021. However, there are still significant challenges that need to be addressed, particularly in rural areas and among marginalized communities. [1]
One of the key priorities of Uzbekistan's education system is to provide students with the skills and knowledge necessary to succeed in the modern globalized economy. To this end, there has been a renewed focus on STEM (science, technology, engineering, and mathematics) education, with the establishment of specialized schools and the introduction of new curricula. In addition, efforts have been made to expand access to vocational and technical education, which can provide students with practical skills and prepare them for the workforce. [2]
Another priority of Uzbekistan's education system is to promote innovation and entrepreneurship. The government has established a number of innovation centers and startup incubators to support young entrepreneurs and foster innovation in key sectors such as agriculture, energy, and IT. The hope is that by promoting innovation and entrepreneurship, Uzbekistan can develop new industries and create jobs, thus driving economic growth and development. [3. 560-563]
Uzbekistan has also recognized the importance of internationalization in education. The country has established partnerships with universities in other countries, including the United States, South Korea, and Germany, to provide students with opportunities for international study and collaboration. These partnerships can help to promote cultural exchange and develop a globally-oriented workforce.
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DOI: 10.24412/2181-1385-2023-2-369-373
Despite these efforts, there are still challenges that need to be addressed in Uzbekistan's education system. One major challenge is the quality of education. While there has been progress in expanding access to education, the quality of education varies widely, particularly in rural areas. In addition, there are concerns about the availability of qualified teachers and the adequacy of teacher training programs. [4. 609]
In conclusion, education has played a critical role in Uzbekistan's development and modernization. The government has made significant efforts to expand access to education, promote innovation and entrepreneurship, and internationalize the education system. However, there are still challenges that need to be addressed to ensure that all students receive a high-quality education that prepares them for the challenges of the modern world. [5.16]
Uzbekistan has been actively pursuing modernization and development in recent years, and education has become a crucial aspect of this process. The role of education in contributing to economic growth and development has been widely recognized, and Uzbekistan has been working to improve access to education, modernize the education system, foster entrepreneurship, build a skilled workforce, and promote innovation and research. This paper will explore each of these areas in detail and examine the potential for education to contribute to Uzbekistan's long-term development and modernization. [6]
Improving access to education: Ensuring that everyone has an equal opportunity to participate in the country's development, Uzbekistan must prioritize improving access to education. This can be done through policies such as building more schools, increasing the number of scholarships and grants available, and expanding the availability of online learning.
The education system in Uzbekistan must be modernized to meet the demands of the modern world. This can be done by introducing new technologies into classrooms, updating curricula to include more relevant topics, and providing training for teachers to ensure they have the skills and knowledge needed to teach effectively. Moreover, entrepreneurship is a key driver of economic growth and development. Therefore, education should focus on developing the skills needed to create and manage successful businesses. This can be done through programs that teach students about entrepreneurship, provide mentorship and networking opportunities, and offer access to funding.
Added to this, to compete in the global economy,
Uzbekistan needs a skilled workforce. Education can play a
April, 2023
DOI: 10.24412/2181-1385-2023-2-369-373
crucial role in developing this workforce by offering vocational training and apprenticeships. These programs should focus on skills that are in high demand, such as engineering, information technology, and healthcare. Furthermore, innovation and research are essential for driving economic growth and development. Therefore, Uzbekistan should prioritize investment in research and development, particularly in sectors that have the potential for high growth. This can be done through partnerships with universities and research institutions, as well as through government funding.
The education system in Uzbekistan has undergone significant changes in recent years, with the government investing heavily in the sector. However, there are still many challenges that need to be addressed to ensure that all Uzbekistan's citizens have access to education. Primary education in Uzbekistan is mandatory and free for all children between the ages of six and 15. However, while primary school enrollment rates are high, many students do not continue on to secondary school due to economic and social pressures. Poverty, child labor, and early marriage are among the key reasons why students drop out of school in Uzbekistan. [5.10] Another challenge in education in Uzbekistan is the unequal distribution of resources. Schools in urban areas often have better facilities, materials, and teachers than those in rural areas. This creates disparities in the quality of education, with students in rural areas often receiving a lower standard of education than their urban counterparts. Access to education for certain populations is also limited in Uzbekistan. Children with disabilities, particularly those with physical disabilities, often face significant barriers in accessing education. Furthermore, the education system in Uzbekistan does not always meet the needs of minority groups, including non-Uzbek speakers.
Overall, while Uzbekistan has made significant strides in improving access to education, there are still many challenges to overcome. The government must continue to invest in education, particularly in rural areas and for marginalized groups, to ensure that all citizens have an equal opportunity to learn and contribute to the country's development.
Improving access to education is crucial for ensuring that everyone has an equal opportunity to participate in the country's development.
The education system in Uzbekistan needs to be modernized to meet the demands of the modern world, including by introducing new technologies into classrooms and updating curricula. Fostering entrepreneurship is a key driver of economic growth and development, and education
April, 2023
DOI: 10.24412/2181-1385-2023-2-369-373
should focus on developing the skills needed to create and manage successful businesses. [3]
Building a skilled workforce is essential for competing in the global economy, and education can play a crucial role in developing this workforce by offering vocational training and apprenticeships. Promoting innovation and research can bring numerous benefits to Uzbekistan's development and modernization, including economic growth, increased competitiveness, improved quality of life, enhanced international cooperation, and environmental sustainability. However, there are still many challenges to be addressed in the education system in Uzbekistan, including unequal distribution of resources, limited access for certain populations, and economic and social pressures that lead to high dropout rates.
To address these challenges, the government must continue to invest in education, particularly in rural areas and for marginalized groups, to ensure that all citizens have an equal opportunity to learn and contribute to the country's development.
Overall, education is a crucial component of Uzbekistan's development and modernization, and investing in education is essential for the country's long-term growth and success.
REFERENCES
1. World Bank. Uzbekistan: Education sector review. Retrieved from https://documents.worldbank.org/en/publication/documents reports/documentdetail//uzbekistan-education-sector-review. (2020).
2. United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). Education in Uzbekistan. 2020. Retrieved from https://en.unesco .org/countries/uzbekistan/education
3. Abdurakhimova, N., & Ergashev, A. Developing an entrepreneurial mindset in Uzbekistan: The role of education. Education + Training, 2021. 63(5), 558-573.
4. Sabirova, G. Uzbekistan's education system: History, current state and prospects. Central Asian Survey, 2019. 38(4), 605-619.
5. Abdullaeva, M., & Jakobsen, M. Education reform and social change in Uzbekistan: Achievements and challenges. Education Policy Analysis Archives,
2018. 26(104), 1-21.
6. World Economic Forum. The global competitiveness report
2019. Retrieved from https://www.weforum.org/reports/the-
global-competitiveness-report-2019
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