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THE ROLE AND SIGNIFICANCE OF UZBEK NATIONAL MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS IN THE EDUCATION SYSTEM Meliboyeva N.K.
Meliboyeva Nodira Kahramanjanovna - Laureate of International and Republican competitions.
TASHKENT, REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN
Abstract: in the education system of Uzbekistan, special attention is paid to attracting young people to the art of music and realizing their musical talent. Because the art of music is one of the most important means of spiritual education. In this sense, it should be noted that in modern general educational institutions the subject "Musical Culture" and specialized children's music and art schools, academic lyceums, art colleges, and higher educational institutions are taught in depth. It is a product of the national training program, and the teaching of music sciences in the education system is carried out at the level of world standards. According to state standards, the teaching of music education, including performance on Uzbek folk instruments, is developed on a completely new basis, and special attention is paid to the harmonious assimilation by young people of the achievements of national and world musical art. When a musical instrument takes a strong place in the musical art of a particular people, it becomes the national instrument of that people. Keywords: music, art, system, instrument, people, education, subject, specialist.
РОЛЬ И ЗНАЧЕНИЕ УЗБЕКСКИХ НАЦИОНАЛЬНЫХ МУЗЫКАЛЬНЫХ ИНСТРУМЕНТОВ В СИСТЕМЕ ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ Мелибоева Н.К.
Мелибоева Нодира Кахраманжановна - Лауреат Международных и Республиканских конкурсов,
г. Ташкент, Республика Узбекистан
Аннотация: в системе образования Узбекистана особое внимание уделяется привлечению молодежи к музыкальному искусству и реализации ее музыкального таланта. Потому что музыкальное искусство является одним из важнейших средств духовного воспитания. В этом смысле следует отметить, что в современных общеобразовательных учреждениях предмет «Музыкальная культура» и специализированных детских музыкальных и художественных школах, академических лицеях, художественных колледжах, высших учебных заведениях преподается углубленно. Это продукт национальной программы подготовки кадров, а преподавание музыкальных наук в системе образования осуществляется на уровне мировых стандартов. По государственным стандартам преподавание музыкального образования, в том числе и по исполнению на узбекских народных инструментах, разрабатываются на совершенно новой основе, и особое внимание уделяется гармоничному усвоению молодежью достижений национального и мирового музыкального искусства. Когда музыкальный инструмент занимает прочное место в музыкальном искусстве того или иного народа, он становится национальным инструментом этого народа.
Ключевые слова: музыка, искусство, система, инструмент, народ, образование, предмет, специалист.
Music, as a universal value, is played as expected in the performance of any instrument. After all, as Abu Nasr Farabi said in "The Book of Music", "national instruments are the result of the development of musical art." In this sense, national instruments were created based on two factors: 1) instruments created directly by our people; 2) musical instruments adopted from the nations of the world. It should be noted that the creation of musical instruments is considered a priority by our people. For example, national musical instruments such as dutor, tanbur, doira, chang have been recognized by influential experts as discoveries of our people. Instruments borrowed from the nations of the world have the characteristic of sounding our national music as expected, and the piano can be cited as an example. However, in both cases, the instruments provided the performance of our national music as expected and thus they became national instruments. It is especially worth noting that this process happened rapidly in the 20th century. In this, we come across the adoption of the most important instruments of the peoples of the world in an improved form, and this process was carried out on a scientific basis.
If you pay attention, our national musical instruments are wide-ranging, and it is an important issue to master their fundamentals of performance. It should be noted that some nations do not have such a wide range of national instruments. We should be proud of our nation's wealth of national musical instruments. Therefore, in the 20th century, selfless Uzbek musicologists A. Fitrat, V. Belyaev, T. Vyzgo, F. Karomatov, V. Uspensky, through the term "folk instruments", made important scientific and scientific contributions to preserve our national instruments, improve their equipment, and popularize and expand performance traditions. It is commendable that he has done practical work. Because the popularization of national musical instruments is a
matter of great social importance. Because national musical instruments allow to perform not only our national music, but also the music of world nations with high skill. For this reason, the great experts of our musical art, F. Mamadaliev, A. Liviev, A. Odilov and others, put the issue of development of the performance of national musical instruments on the agenda. It should be noted that they made a significant contribution to the development of our music. In this sense, it is appropriate to expand the scope of introduction of national instruments into today's education system.
Emphasis on wide promotion of national instruments and their performance among the youth will have the expected effect. Because it is not a secret that sometimes there are many girls on certain national instruments. Rather, it is important to pay attention to the equal training of boys and girls in each national instrument performance. In addition, it is necessary to attach importance to the development of national instruments and to rely on scientific conclusions. Because the sound range of some of our national musical instruments being developed recently lacks clarity and high pitch. For example, it is known that there have been disputes about our national instrument. The main thing is to equip young people with the basics of national music content and culture. After all, as the well-known musicologist N.Shakhnazarova rightly notes, national musical instruments express nationalism in music by means of melody, chord structure, metrorhythmic features and unique timbre. It is commendable that these fundamentals are perceived by influential experts of our musical art. In our view, strengthening the supply of local children's music and art schools with experts on national instruments will increase the effectiveness of the work of introducing national instruments into the education system. For this purpose, it is appropriate to expand the scope of training of experts on national musical instruments in the higher education system. In this sense, it should be mentioned that the wide introduction of national instruments into the educational system has its own scientific, theoretical and social foundations.
Observations show that today's young people have a high talent in performing our national instruments such as doira, rubob, dutor, gijjak. It is necessary to develop this factor. In this case, it would be appropriate to attach importance to the harmonious teaching of theoretical and practical knowledge of national musical instruments.
Today, it is clear to all of us that the art of music has a special prestige among the fine arts. It has become a habit that the art of music sounds in all aspects of our social and cultural life. Nowadays, it is impossible to imagine the daily life of our people, wedding spectacles, public holidays and celebrations without music and songs. In recent years, the interest of young people in art, their efforts to acquire some form of art, i.e., singing or music, has developed and grown. However, among the art forms, the one that causes the most debates and discussions is the art of music. Factors causing this include the fact that along with mature artists and recognized teachers, many amateurs and uneducated "students" present their "crafts" to the general public. That is why it is our main goal to use existing experiences and promote them.
In the content of Uzbek national musical instruments, the spiritual and moral views that serve to ensure the perfection of the individual are embodied and have an important educational value. It should not be forgotten that the traditions, culture, and rituals that have been formed for thousands of years did not develop secretly from other peoples. On the contrary, it has developed with the direct participation and support of the peoples who have been living side by side with us since ancient times. Each nation has its own unique place in the world culture with these customs, traditions, culture, roots that are deeply rooted in its past. The more ancient the history of the Uzbek nation, the more deeply rooted its national traditions, customs, culture, and rituals are. It embodies the people's hopes, wishes, lifestyle, moral norms. That is why it is an important task for every nation, nation, nation to preserve them carefully, develop them, and pass them on to future generations.
The Uzbek people have always paid attention to children's games, which are the main means of education. In our country, children are given a lot of attention, the best heritage created by mankind should serve to strengthen children's health and bring them to maturity. We must work hard and create conditions so that the younger generation can fully enjoy this legacy of our ancestors. The main purpose of studying our history, national values, and the lives of great figures is to follow them and form our life beliefs based on the example of their high human qualities.
Our national-musical heritage, in particular, folk songs and their methods, play a special role in educating the young generation based on the traditions, talents and culture of our ancestors, and in forming spiritual and moral qualities in them.
References / Список литературы
1. RustambekAbdullayev. An'anaviy o'zbek musiqasi asoslari. Toshkent, 2022.
