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a structure (crust), consisting of a water-macro aggregates — particles> 2,5 mm, having mechanical strength (to 4,0 MPa). Optimal conditions for the composition of additives, hardeners exhibit the maximum effects of action, as well as the procedure for their introduction into the sand. It is found that a composition consisting of 0,32kg/m 2 sawdust and 0,014kg/m 2 GSK (calculated on a dry product that provided using a 0,8% solution) is considered optimum and promotes crust having a sufficiently high strength about 2,4 MPa, and the amount ofwater-re-sistant aggregates (> 0,32 mm) in the structure with equal 72,43% vs. 7,36% in the original. Using obtained based on a dilute solution (0,075%) waste "Maxam-Ammophos" AC — 16% solution ofphosphor containing in combination with a dilute (0,05%) with a solution of 17%.
In agriculture there is a steady tendency to transition to ecological management of production. One of the main principles of the above mentioned tendency is maintenance of positive humus balance in soil at the ex-
pense of introduction of alternation of crops and application of organic fertilizers.
For the decision of the set forth above problems of economy of our republic on department «Ecology and life protection» Karakalpak state university and Tashkent state technical university, the centre of science on maintenance of ecological and industrial safety of the Central Asian global environmental problems and industrial enterprises of all branches of our republic is created. The centre of science renders the necessary competent and practical help at the decision of various problems both natural, and ethnogeny character, and also develops necessary recommendations under their decision.
We believe that researchers not only be connected with researchers of Uzbekistan, but our academic collaboration will form the foundation of one of the most important scientific projects to solve the environmental problems that threaten a lot ofpopulation in whole Central Asia and even the whole globe.
References:
1.
USA. Patent № 3224990. Receiving of water- soluble plastic tars by the polyamid reaction with epichlorhydrin and ammonia. 1965.
Bovy Frenk "The macromolecular nuclear-magnetic resonance of high resolution". M.,1977. Nuclear-magnetic resonance spectrum of the "Varian Company", n. 32, 1968. Kalinina Z., Motorina M., Karaputadze E. "The analysis of condensates polymers", M., 1986. Loginova N., Govurina R., Kulicheva A. "Copolymerization character investigaation N, N-DMAEMA and its chlorohydric salt", (high — molecular units), 10B, n.6, 1968, 422 p. Askarov M., Jalilov A.»lonogenic polymers synthesis «, Taskent, 1978, 60 p.
Horner L., Jurgeleit H., Klupfel K. Liebigs Ann. Chem 591, Zur amionotropen polymerization saus lousung bu olefinen (phosphine III).
8. Furukava J., Saegusa T. "Aldehydes and oxides polymerization". M., 1965, 176 p.
9. Mukhamedgaliev B. A. Ecological protection. Tashkent, 2013. - P. 240.
10. Information, materials of the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environmental Protection of the Republic of Uzbekistan. Tashkent, 2014.
Gaibnazarov Sunnatilla Bohodirjonovich, doctorant of a department«Boring oil and gaze bore holes» Tashkent state technical university named after Beruni.
E-mail: [email protected]
The prospects of the using secondary resource in development efficient bore solution
Abstract: In article are brought results of the study physic-chemical characteristic new copolymers synthesized on base departure to chemical industry and local raw materials resource. Using the modern methods of the analysis are shown polyelectroliting nature water solution copolymers, as well as are shown possibility of the using designed polymer for stabilization bore solution.
Keywords: polymer, sand, ground, water solution polymer, filtering, water recoil, sediment, tixotroping, viscosity, density.
The prospects of the using secondary resource in development efficient bore solution
Any activity of the person renders the negative influence on total facility of the Land. Seemingly, as a result such activity facility land must run short. However does not follow to forget that land constantly gets the influx to new energy, which the source is a Sun [1].
Thereby, activity of the person does harm surrounding ambience regardless of its good intentions and problem consists in that to do the consequences to this activity the most harmful.
The main harmful of a biosphere are chemical, oil and gaze industry and energy. In this plan all developed countries have plans on creation cleaner (so named cleaner) technology.
For the reason conducted by us studies is involvement departure to chemical industry and secondary raw materials resource of the Republic Uzbekistan for development new hither efficient, cheap and available stabilizer bore solution since searching for and exploring the oilfields and gas in Republic Uzbekistan on new area and growing of the depths of the boring shoos objective need in improvement composition bore solution. Herewith used bore washing liquid must possess certain rheo-logical, physic-chemical and technological characteristic depending on geological construction of the cut of the bore hole and mineralization opened by her ground of water steadfast to influence aggressive fluids [1]. The nature applicable polymer renders on applied characteristic bore solution enormous influence.
As is well known [2], amongst enormous amount known natural and synthetic polymer only a few possess the ability open in water. For water solution polymer characteristic of presence in chain macromolecule gidrofilings of the functional groups (the gidroxil, carboxyl, amides, sulfur and others). The degree dissociation water solution polyelectrolyte is connected with ion power of the solution. The form changes with change last macromolecule polyelectrolyte. Consequently, must be changed and their working, for inTable 1. - Change to specific viscosity and pH
stance, coagulation, flocculation characteristic and to distend. Increase the number of the kinetic units in solution as a result dissociation and change the form mac-romolecules polymer brings its gidrodinamic characteristic about change. Consequently, viscosity and density of the bore solution must be such to with other technological factor and acceptance possible was provide sufficient ant pressing on passable layers, but in ditto time she must not noticeably worsen the condition of the work chisel and field-performance dates productive horizon [3]. Other word, in each concrete event must be chosen best values to viscosity and density of the bore solution. Density also is one of the main factors, providing stability wall bore holes [4].
In this aspect was of interest study physic-chemical characteristic designed by us on base departure water solution polymer, which as we seem, can find broad using in prospect in preparation bore solution, especially firm to influence aggressive fluids.
As object of the studies were applying copolymers departure of the processes delintation seed cotton plant with GIPAN.
The product to reactions copolymerization departure of the processes delintation seed cotton plant with GIPAN presents itself very viscous ancolloring or painted in amber color of the liquids, with specific scent, their physic-chemical features are completely identified. At study of viscosity powerfully diluted solution was discovered that many polymers, as from a certain "critical concentration" show the deflection brought viscosity from linear dependency. In diluted solution copolymer ionized nearly completely, but because of relatively small quantity free carboxyl groups in its composition effect to ionizing not is too expressed. The study to dependencies to viscosity and pH from concentration solution copolymers and natural polymer has shown that with growing of the concentrations copolymer in solution importance pH changes small (tabl.1).
solution polymer depending on concentrations
№ Concentration solution polymer,% copolymer lignin lignosul phonate
pH n pH n pH n
1 0,005 6,0 0,10 7,1 - - -
2 0,010 6,0 0,12 7,1 - - -
3 0,05 6,1 0,14 7,1 - - -
4 0,10 6,1 0,16 7,2 0,1 0,11 0,08
5 0,5 6,2 0,20 7,2 0,11 0,12 0,09
6 1,0 6,4 0,22 7,4 0,12 0,12 0,1
Electronic-microscopic studies is installed that for solution a new copolymers typical convolute type of the structure in the manner of formless unit, changing depending on concentrations copolymer, system in this case is homogeneous. Since time (for 5 hours) in system occurs the orientation, particularly in concentrated solution. Under the most further keeping of the solution (after 24 hours), appears the second type of the structure — an fibrillating andese molecular formation, due to that homogeneous system becomes microgeterogen. Probably, globular type of the structure conditions the small degree electrolytic dissociation functional groups and low their gidratation. The aging copolymers and their solution are connected with soaping amides of the groups that can be confirmed by increase pH water solution with reduction ofthe concentrations. Herewith, was installed that heating renders on process of the structuring in solution copolymers such influence, either as keeping.
So, at half hour heating under 60 °S 10% a new prepare solution copolymer exists such speedup fibriling formed, as at keeping of the solution. The study change to viscosity and pH solution copolymers depending on concentrations has shown that they possess the feeble a reaction, increasing with increasing of the contents co-polymer in solution.
Beside water solution copolymer relative viscosity powerfully grows with increase the concentrations; anomaly to viscosity exists already in the field of powerfully diluted solution moreover for copolymera she denominated more strong, than for lignin and ligno-sulphonate. The anomaly to viscosity copolymer, even powerfully diluted solution is conditioned presence in them andese molecular of the structures.
Electronic-microscopic study lignin and lignosul-phonate andese molecular has shown that they are microgeterogen and consist of varied unit macromol-ecule — a globule and fibril. They united in units of the different forms, changing depending on concentrations of the solution natural polymer.
In the course of study was installed that interaction designed by us water solution copolymer with disperse particle depends on many factor: concentrations copolymer and mineral suspending, presences electrolyte, the temperature, salting and others amongst mineral suspending systematically and in detail studied soil and glay suspending, from Navbakhor grounds. So, influence designed by us copolymer in analogy with polyac-rilamid (PAA) has shown that polymeric preparations
enter in interaction with soil particle in consequence of which in suspending appears structure. pH soil suspending in whiteness of these polymer does not change that probably, is connected with buffer influence of ground on change the concentrations hydrogen ion in mixture.
The method sedimentation analysis was studied influence synthesized us copolymer on disperse different mineral suspending. The experiences conducted with 0,2% suspending, which in 24 hours after preparation added the solutions copolymer in corresponding to dosage. The influence studied in kinetics through 5, 10, 15 and etc minutes. It is revealed that degree disperse change under influence copolymer and the other values, connected with size of the particles suspending. Aggregating disperse of the phase occurs within optimum dosage of the polymer. The further increasing to concentrations copolymer promotes increase disperse and, accordingly, reduction of the value of the perhaps radius of the particles that can be due to disintegration ad unit under influence polyelectrolyte and stabilization of the particles suspending.
Experimental is revealed that bore solution, containing new stabilizer possesses high swabbing ability. Swabbing surface of the pipes, full tilts chisel, hydraulic equipment, solution promotes the reduction of the energy expenses on boring, reduction damage with boring pillar that particularly it is important at rotor boring.
Density also is one of the main factors, providing stability wall bore holes. With its increase intensity ground and collapse of the stem, as a rule, decreases, herewith also falls other type to dangers of the complications — absorptions of the bore solution. So introduction new stabilizer increase stability a wall bore holes, factor to filtering, saltiness of the bore solution. But reduction to viscosity bore solution, brings about increasing of the penetration filtrate bore solution in times of the sort to account of the filtering, osmosis and others thereby, called on by us studies on using departure to chemical industry as stabilizer bore solution has shown that designed by us new reagents on base departure and secondary resource in significant measure create the happy circumstances for provision of stability wall bore holes. They are revealed main applied, physic-chemical and rheological characteristic bore solution. The practical application of the development can will solve many economic and technological problems to branches.
Synthesis of polymers on the basis of citric acid
References:
1. Bulatov A. I., Magazov R. R., Shaman S. A. The Influence of the factors characteristic bore solution and their types on velocity of the boring//Sb. scientific works of the research centre OOO "Kubanigazprom - Krasnodar, 2014. S. 92-103.
2. Ryazanov A. V. The Encyclopedia bore solution. - M; Depths, 2009. - 641 s.
3. Ram V. S. Glays solutions in boring. - M.: Gostoptehizdat, 2013. - 210 s.
4. Kovalev A. F., Tubolkin, O. S. Bore and tamponaj solutions. - M.: The Depths. 2012 - 342 s.
Gulamova Iroda Botirjonovna, National University of Uzbekistan, Scientific Researcher the Faculty of Chemistry E-mail: [email protected] Mukhamediyev Mukhtarjan Ganiyevich, National University of Uzbekistan, Associate Professor the Faculty of Chemistry E-mail: [email protected]
Synthesis of polymers on the basis of citric acid
Abstract: Studying the influence of pH and the temperature of the environment to viscosity of water solutions, swelling kinetics and collapse of cross-linked polymers and copolymer on the basis of natural ox acids there are founded the presence of pH and heat-sensitive qualities. It is revealed that the existence of polymers as a form of amides and as well as carboxyl groups leads to the appearance of a unique quality of having a little interval of temperature of two critical mixed temperatures.
Keywords: acrylamide -N- methylene citric acid (AA-N-MCA), citric acid, N acryl amide, hydrophilic polymer, polymerization, ionic monomers,
In recent years, interest on water-soluble and water-swelling polymers with various reactive functional groups is growing. These polymers demonstrate large possibilities of usage in medicine, pharmacy (controlled release of the drugs), biotechnology, electronics, environmental protection and other fields ofhuman activity [1; 2; 3]. A special group of monomers capable of forming a hydrophilic polymer systems are substituted N acrylamides, containing non-ionic and ionic functional groups. Thus polymerization of substituted N-acrylamides and meth-acrylamides containing weak acid groups is practically not explored. Therefore, the study of radical polymerization of substituted N-acrylamides, with carboxyl groups and further their conversion into water-soluble and water-swelling polymers make interest from the theoretical and practical standpoint. It is known that the polymerization of ionic monomers is strongly influenced by the reaction ofenvironment. As in comparison with the polymerization of nonionic monomers, in ionic monomers there appears whole range of additional factors (dissociation, specific and non-specific binding of ions, electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions and etc), which can dramatically affect the process of polymerization in solution. Therefore,
the goal of this work is to conduct research in the field of synthesis of monomers of substituted N acrylamide series with ionic groups, and the studying their polymerization to obtain a hydrophilic polymer. In the research asone of the components for the synthesis of substituted N acryl-amide containing an ionic functional group has been chosen natural oxyacid — citric acid. Interest in this subject has grown due to the fact that, depending on the method employed we may obtain monomers of having functional carboxyl or simultaneously active hydroxyl and carboxyl groups. The presence ofsuch groups would produce polymers with a wide range ofproperties, and the study of the kinetics of the polymerization and copolymerization of these monomers would facilitate the development of representations of the reactivity of the functionalized monomers.
Previously in the department, polymers based on otheroxyacid's — glycolic acid and lactic acid, in particular, such as theacrylic glycolic monomers, methacrylate glycolic, acrylamide-N-methylene-glycolic acid, acryl-amide-N-methylene-lactic acidwere obtained [4; 5; 6]. Abstract-radical polymerization of these monomers in aqueous solutions of various pH values and could ionic
