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THE PROMOTING COEXISTENCE INTER-RELIGIONS IN THE KINGDOM OF SAUDI ARABIA AND COMBATING DESTRUCTIVE IDEOLOGY LOCALLY AND INTERNATIONALLY FOLLOWING THE PROPHET APPROACH TO TOLERANCE TOWARDS RELIGIONS
OHUD ALZAHRANI1
0. [email protected] S.J.D. (Doctor of Juridical Science)
Abstract: The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia follows the prophet Mohammed approach according to the Quran as Allah said in describing how to deal with other religions "For You is Your Religion; For Me is My Religion." In this paper traying to deliver the message worldwide in how the crown prince Mohmmed bin Salman's vision 2030, and the new system. This development will change the destructive ideology worldwide domestically and internationally perspective. To this regard and to answer this research question around the methods of how the KSA already inter a great coexistence between religions internationally in order to maintain the world peace. Moreover, the results obviously came to show the efforts of the KSA and brings promoting of coexistence Inter-Religions, so this result as a response to the enemies against the Kingdom's policy. Also and more importantly, to clarify how the prophet Mohammed dealt with other religious and how to make treaties and convention with the aim of common interests in order to spread peace.
Table of Contents
1. INTRODUCTION
2. THE HISTORY OF THE KINGDOM OF SAUDI ARABIA
3. THE BEGINNING OF IDEOLOGICAL DESTRUCTION IN THE KINGDOM OF SAUDI ARABIA
4. THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE IKHWAN
5. THE ARGUMENT AND JUSTIFICATIONS
6. NON-MUSLIM PEOPLE PROTECTED UNDER ISLAMIC LAW
7. ISLAMIC TREATIES AND CONVENTIONS OCCURRED IN PROPHETS' LIFE AND HIS CALIPH/ SUCCESSOR WITH NON-MUSLIM
8. BRIEF OF THE CONVENTIONS
9. THE MEDINA AGREEMENT (SAHIFAH AL-MEDINA) DURING PROPHET MUHAMMAD'S LIFE
10. CONCLUSION
1. INTRODUCTION
The Seditions have been started since this earth was created by God. This fact stated in all Abrahamic religions. Then become more when prophetic messages calling for monotheism. In the divines law (Abrahamic faiths), some people believed and accepted of the prophetic messages and some not at all. According to historical serializations, with these issues, the politician's conflicts have been started during and after the divine law. The three main divine law Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. In general, the argument emphasizes the extremist's campaigns especially in early 20th to 21st centuries. Folks who alleged that they are as divine scholars by organizing deceitful methods. The research examination is to illustrate for the future generations and inform them that the obvious religion as it came of divinity ways and does not need preachers interpreters to revise what is clear. Particularly all of the three Abrahamic faiths have obvious ways. The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia made a great coexistence between religions internationally in order to maintain the world peace. It also
1 Assistance Professor at Saudi Electronic University, Saudi Arabia, I would like to express my sincere thanks and gratitude to the deanship of graduate studies at Saudi Electronic University for the material and moral support to produce this research in this scientific face.
followed the approach of prophet Mohammed with other religious and how to make treaties and convention with the aim of common interests.
The foremost idea to argue of how to make an awareness of the new generation. We must take a look and study the amount of the illiterate now and how it reduced in recent era century, which is very countless and will not be existed that much. Hence, to argue that, there are multiple questions regarding the religious groups who affect the youth and attract them to destroy the world by doing evils deeds to spread wars and abhorrence among religious with discrimination. They do not have miracle as prophets had? For why do we believe their devastating ideologies? We know that the Abrahamic faiths have pastors (clerk) to reminds people such as to worship God, and do good ethics or doing so. The preachers do not do any deeds that have no connections to religion acts. The problematic here is the lack of awareness and observation by governments in most of the religious institutes.2 Regardless of what are they believe in, the destructive acts must be prohibited by international convention enact such as United Nation or so do. Also, As stipulated in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights in art 183 "Everyone has the right to freedom of thought, conscience and religion; this right includes freedom to change his religion or belief, and freedom, either alone or in community with others and in public or private, to manifest his religion or belief in teaching, practice, worship and observance." Therefore, the new generation needs to distinguish, learn, and follow the right path that taking us to peace, so destroying due to the venom of the distractive ideas by pastors especially when they try to disperse between religious.
The goal of this study is to illuminate the phenomenon when many groups spread into the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) during the 1950s with the genesis of Ikhwan (the Muslim Brotherhood).4 This campaign threatened to destroy the country through extreme oppressive philosophies. This is the moment when the Muslim Brotherhood era permeated the KSA. The introductions of such groups into the region has had a lasting effect and is cause for further study.
Also, this study focuses on how the troupes have cross-developed with the al Sahwa movement and resulting in several contemporary "Islamist opposition figures."5 This resulted in a backward effect on KSA during that era. Having alleged that they were divine jurists, the group was able to gain control and govern the region using a rebel perspective. Unfortunately, it was merely a political move to gain influence over the people and the country, to enact their extremist beliefs, and this is very far from the religious that they alleged. The most important point in this study to examine the extremists troupes and their impact on the youth by using the destructive ideology by the name of religious, and what should this world know about Islamic treaties that prophet Mohammed did to maintain the safety and security with other religions.
To this regards, Kingdom Saudi Arabia's effort will be a role model for the world when fought the terrorism. Also, it is known how it combat the spread of extremist ideologies, and its progress in dispelling ideological support for Islamic extremism. In the next parts first will state the history of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Then, will state the point of how the destructive ideologic invades among most of the Saudi people in that time, and how these organizations emergence that alleged to be religious, but which is far from what they think. Actually, it is purely radical policy.
2 For Example, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia has a an excellent example to coexist with other religious due to the ideal leader MBS. Also, The Kingdom has a great efforts to reduce the terrorist and developing the country for the public benefit locally and internationally to maintain the safety and security as the prophet Mohammed did in his leadership with the Jews and Christians.
3 U.N, Peace, Dignity, and Equality On a Healthy Plant, Universal Declaration of Human Rights art. 18
4 Stephane Lacroix, Awakening Islam 3 (George tran., 2011).
5 Id.
2. THE HISTORY OF THE KINGDOM OF SAUDI ARABIA
Earlier, the Turkish Empire governed several parts of the region during the sixteenth century before the first, second, and third Saudi Eras began.6 Hence, when was the Saudi regime initiated?7 There are numerous events that occurred that have affected the stability of the KSA as it now exists, which is the third Saudi Era. All the generations of the royal family have been of the House of Al Saud in all the Saudi Eras since the first began in 1744.8 At this same time, Imam Muhammad bin Saud met Sheikh Mohammed Ibn Abdul Wahab.9 They had an agreement to govern the country under Islamic law according to Qur'an and Sunna. Nevertheless, since this study centers on the origin and development of the Ikhwan and their invention of Al-Sahwa this study will examine the third and current Saudi Era, which spans from the rule of King Abdul-Aziz who led formally in 1932 as the country became KSA up until now.10
3. THE BEGINNING OF IDEOLOGICAL DESTRUCTION IN THE KINGDOM OF SAUDI ARABIA
The rebellious Juhayman al-Utaybi Juhayman's Ikhwan (known as Brotherhood),11 is different from the Ikhwan of the Muslim Brotherhood that I mentioned previously, Juhayman group known as al-Jamaa al-Salafiyya al-Muhtasiba (JSM).12 was the perpetrator of the invasion on the holy mosque of Mecca in 1979. This was a watershed event that influenced the region and caused discord. The following argument poses questions to this opposition figure and the movement that followed that may enlighten this examination.
Where was his belief and fear of God when he attacked such a holy place and innocent people? He just wanted to overthrow the government, and control the region with his false religious knowledge and extremist viewpoint. He alleged that he wanted justice and followed Islamic principles? This is far and away from the right policy and the justice he said he wanted. Nevertheless, his intentions were to fight innocent Muslims who were not on his side and innocent non-Muslims. In this regard, these extremist groups objective was also to control economics under his dominance, proclaiming that the country was at risk with its foreign relationships. A deeper analysis of this reveals that the teachings of al-Jama a al-Salafiyya al-Muhtasiba (JSM) in part derived from the teachings of the Muslim Brotherhood, which has been a source of greed. So, in this case the most important question that has to be stated is why the hostility and hatred toward life progress and development? Due to intellectuals, and inventions that have helped the whole world? Or, what? Otherwise, all their interests are just about women! Focusing on why they show their face, hands, or eyes, etc. Actually, he contributed nothing to producing a successful and peaceful life that serves this world. On top of that, many of these clerics are even practicing forbidden taboos—For instance, Afghani Taliban just fixate on the promiscuity of females, but they rape and commit other brutal acts against women themselves. Unfortunately, many clerics from the Muslim nations admire these kinds of people, but after a thorough examination and extensive research, People see no evidence of their actions that are deserving of this veneration.
6 Mark Curtis, How Britain Carved Up the Middle East and Helped Create Saudi Arabia, November. 2, 2016 available at http://markcurtis.info/2016/11/02/how-britain-carved-up-the-middle-east-and-helped-create-saudi-arabia/ (last accessed Mar 6, 2018).
7 Ministry of Foreign Affairs, History of Kingdom, mofa.gov.sa, available at http://www.mofa.gov.sa/sites/mofaen/EServ/VisitingSaudiArabia/aboutKingDom/Pages/CountryDevelopment3 6143.aspx.
8 Id. See also Abdulaziz M. Malaika, Management characteristics
and organization context in Saudi Arabia. lboro.ac.uk. 2134-7298, 60 (1993) available at https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/7298 (last accessed Mar. 12, 2018).
9 Id.
10 Ministry of Foreign Affairs supra note 7.
11 Thomas Hegghammer and Stephane Lacroix, "Rejectionist Islamism in Saudi Arabia: The Story of Juhayman al- Utaybi Revisited" Int. J. Middle East Stud, Vol. 39 , No., 103-122. (January 2007).
12 Nasser Al-Huzaymi, Days with Juhayman: I was with Juhayman al-Jamaa al-Salafiyya al-Muhtasiba 13 (2011).
Furthermore, we can mention the contemporary followers who have been influenced by these illegal movements. What is hypocritical is that their leaders' speeches been primarily fixated on vilifying for example the United States of America and other Western countries in general—yet, now their relatives and sons study abroad in these nations. This could be considered unequal, especially when these people continued to rail against Western nations at that time, spreading word about jihad and urging others toward sedition, even while their own family members were not held to the same standards. What a close-minded policy they had, as observable just through their interpretations, which has no connection to religion.
Through deceiving people into believing that they are a divine scholar, it allows for the attraction of many vulnerable human beings. This happens in many religions, but their laws and systems deter and prevent these deeds from the people that practice them. Previously, indeed the conditions have allowed this group to have an impact on the youth of the KSA. Despite the hypocrisy, the group has exercised control that has changed the region notably. It is time for consciousness, so we need more clarification to create dissemination strategy of awareness to combat the seditions that emanated in the Middle East by these rebellious troupes. Thus, this awareness has to be discussed in all schools, universities, and the public speeches for keeping up the development and prosperity worldwide and coexist with all religions in peace. For this reason, the countries who have these categories have to handle the religious discrimination that causes of interpretations of the clergy that made the world in danger and tension, therefore, the proper leadership13 and system have to be placed for remedy this problem. In order to understand this impact, an exploration of the history will help to add depth and clarity to this discussion.
4. THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE IKHWAN
The movement first appeared in Egypt in 1928, known as the Muslim Brotherhood.14The perspective of the Muslim Brotherhood suddenly spread, and several people have studied some of ideas that run contrary to the Qur'an and Sunna. The main intention of the Ikhwan has been to destroy the region and do enact austerity among Muslim societies, ultimately killing and crushing innocent people along the way as explained in the introduction. As such, the Ikhwan have been known as a terrorist movement due to their support of Al Qaeda.15
Relating to their goals, Prince Nayif's explained that while given opportunities within the country, the Ikhwan had "not forgotten their earlier affiliations, and they began to recruit people, to create movements, and they rose up against the Kingdom."16 Upon examination, it is apparent that they want to govern like Iran through injustice and oppression by starting with the control of youth and women. Their recruitment has been focused on two main targets: young males and women, and influencing many families in that period. Inappropriately, they think of these two categories; it is easy to affect them. Due to their opinions; they are vulnerable group to grab their minds. • The Women: Women are interpreted to not have any value in the world by the Ikhwan with the guiding principle that women's existence should just consist of obeying their husbands, delivering babies, and living in austerity. The group has alleged that when women live free lives, they will destroy their efforts and schemes because they are more effective, which ultimately stands against their interests. Moreover, their perspective is like the Taliban's thoughts and principals.17 Similarly, al-Sahwa followers have these same thoughts about limiting women's education and careers, with all of their goals centering around fighting unjustly. While they claim that the empowerment of women effectively results in alignment with the values of Western countries, their beliefs actually go against Islamic law. Islam encourages women to learn, work, and live with dignity. For example, al Sahwa
13 E.g., Mohammad Bin Salman Al Saud (MBS) is a fabulous example as he trying to dispose these kinds of rebellious.
14 Alison Pargeter, The Muslim Brotherhood: From Opposition to Power 2 (2013).
15 Profile: Egypt's Muslim Brotherhood, bbc news, 25 December 2013 available at http://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-12313405.
16 Lacroix supra note 1 at. 37.
17 Curtis supra note 3.
RUSSIAN LAW JOURNAL Volume XI (2023) Issue 6s
followers hit women when they wear neqab, a covering that reveals only the woman's eyes—they believe the entire face should be covered. Also, when women wear a type of abayah over her shoulders, they said it has to be over the woman's head. Additionally, they believe that it is shameful and forbidden when a woman speaks outside or so on, especially with strange men. What a limited view it is to be concerned with these types of things instead of making contributions to benefit humankind. At this point, there is no explicit rule that forbids these kind of interpretations, that would protect women's right to education, finding employment, or living independently. The true Islam teaches peace, kindness, and humanity, unlike the teachings of this group. We can see the present actions of the Taliban society through current events in their regions. They commit many disgraceful acts, of course going against Islamic law teachings. For instance, raping, kidnapping, insulting and devaluing the lives of women. The obvious example is Malala Yousafzai.18 Their main intention is to just control women, but unfortunately, they only destroy their dreams to live in peace. Thus, such debasing acts toward women are universally rejected by all religions. • The Young Male: Not only has this group focused on women, but also young men because they are perceived to be a vulnerable group, who would be more likely to be convinced to follow their perspective. As part of their recruitment efforts, they encouraged the young men to fight, promoting the notion of jihad. However, they have interpreted jihad in a different way than stated otherwise, since it is forbidden to attack people who are peaceful. Thus, jihad has terms and conditions to do with combatants who suddenly attack and break the agreement of peace and so on. Therefore, wrongly, their beliefs and ideas espoused through their fatwas varied greatly from the teachings of Islamic law in its truest form. When we were kids during that time, the movement had developed secretly. We usually heard from several of the clerics who were affected by the activity of the Ikhwan. Particularly at the male schools, they encouraged the students to fight Western nations under the name of jihad by mind washing them using the philosophies of terrorism until the anger and excitement were internalized and held within their hearts. Their statement was always to, "Kill each non-Muslim person. It is jihad." Concerning this, the movement was actually political under the guise of being religious with an aim of controlling the country, promoting violence and discord.
5. THE ARGUMENT AND JUSTIFICATIONS
A more accurate categorization of this group in KSA would be "rejectionist Islamism," just as the scholars Hegghammer and Lacroix termed them in their article. Many of the controversies were and still are with the Ikhwan group. Regarding that, there have been various types of Islamists in KSA that can be sorted into different groups since the rebellions Ikhwan began. These different categorizations represent the succeeding generations of followers. To this end, many questions have gone unanswered by these followers, which can be posed now.
Why must you just ruin numerous Muslim regions through your foolish views? It is known that you want to control the country of the Holy Mosques using the Ikhwan support. This is weird that Juhayman and his followers think Allah will be with them through these heinous acts, that disrupt the sense of security, but God forbids it and they defy him. When you disobey your ruler, it is forbidden by Islam. Nevertheless, this is extremely contradictory when they allege obey God. The worst thing that they claim that KSA does not control the region through the Qur'an and Sunna. Undoubtedly, since the formation of the KSA, the first priority has been to protect the holy lands of Mecca and Medina, especially in the aftermath of many battles and clashes. All Saudi rulers have controlled the region following the teachings of the Qur'an and Sunna, which does not constitute an extremist view that brings destruction to human beings. This is unlike the extremists method, which is far from peace, promoting war, and intriguing sectarian strife. Due to their extremist behaviors, the notoriety of Islam and the country has now spread around the world. However, the following sections will illuminate their pseudo and baseless allegations.
18 Matt Doeden, Malala Yousafzai: Shot by the Taliban, Still Fighting for Equal Education (2015). See also her book Malala Yousafzai, I Am Malala: The Girl Who Stood Up for Education and Was Shot by the Taliban (2013).
6. NON-MUSLIM PEOPLE PROTECTED UNDER ISLAMIC LAW
Islam urges the proper and ethical treatment of other religions, such as Christianity and Judaism, which are referred to in the Qur'an. As the verse says, "Allah does not forbid you from those who do not fight you because of religion and do not expel you from your homes - from being righteous toward them and acting justly toward them. Indeed, Allah loves those who act justly.",19 which means we have to make respectful relationships with those who are non-combatants from other religions so long as they are peaceful people. For instance, Islam follows the example of prophet Muhammed, who made treaties with Christians and Jews to establish peace instead of war. There are several treaties that held during the prophet's life and some that lasted during successors after him. The following section describes many treaties or conventions that have happened with Jews and Christians20 in prophet Mohammed era.. They are classified into three categories:
a) dhimmi, meaning "people of the covenant" for whom Prophet Mohammed extended a promise of peace, lasting indefinitely.21 For more clarification, A Dhimmi is a non-Muslim subject of a state governed in accordance to sharia law. The term connotes an obligation of the state to protect the individual, including the individual's life, property, and freedom of religion and worship, and required loyalty to the empire, and a poll tax known as the jizya, which complemented the Islamic tax paid by the Muslim subjects, called Zakat".22
b) mu'aahd, referring to being at peace with people that they reside in their country and between us and them a covenant that they will neither fight us nor fight them. 23
c) musta'min, meaning "seekers of protection," which may include people who are dealt with peacefully despite coming from nations that are not extended a covenant of peace or are even at war. For more clarification, Foreign envoys and emissaries are automatically protected by aman."24
7. ISLAMIC TREATIES AND CONVENTIONS OCCURRED IN PROPHETS' LIFE AND HIS CALIPH/
SUCCESSOR WITH NON-MUSLIM
The terroristic beliefs were a rejection of the conventions of Islamic law teachings, specifically the allegiance to the practice of jihad. Muslim culture emphasizes living in peace with other peaceful people, not instigating war. This is in line with the prophet's acts established in a series of treaties and conventions with other religious groups during his lifetime as listed below. Thus, in this regard, how can fighting be justified in the name of Islam? By this measure, their failure to adhere to their obligations to the covenants and charters as set up by the prophet, they break from Islamic tradition. Instead, through their vile actions, the Islamic image is distorted, instilling terror in innocent people.
19 Qur 'an, Sorah Al-Mumtahanah 8:28.
20 These are the most important conventions in prophet Muhammad's era -The Covenant of the Prophet Muhammad with the Monks of Mount Sinai -The Covenant of the Prophet Muhammad with the Christians of Najran -The Covenant of the Prophet Muhammad with the Christians of the World I -The Covenant of the Prophet Muhammad with the Christians of the World II -The Covenant of the Prophet Muhammad with the Assyrian Christians -The Covenant of the Prophet Muhammad with the Christians of Persia
The Covenant of the Prophet Muhammad with the Armenian Christians -The Covenant of the Prophet Muhammad with the Jews of Maqna -The Covenant of the Prophet Muhammad with the Yemenite Jews -The Covenant of the Prophet Muhammad with the Zoroastrians -The Covenant of the Prophet Muhammad with the Coptic Christians of Egypt -The Covenant of the Prophet Muhammad with the Syriac Orthodox Christians -The Covenant of the Prophet Muhammad with the Samaritans -The Covenant of the Prophet Muhammad with the Zoroastrians
21 Also known as the testament of the prophet Muhammad as a written charter.
22 Glenn, H. Patrick, Legal Traditions of the World 218-219 (2007).
23 Fahad Naser Alsuliman, Total Fatwas and Letters of His Eminence Sheikh Muhammad Bin Saleh Al-Uthaymeen - Volume 9-10 Fatwas, 499 (2000).
24 Id, See also Wael, B. Hallaq, SharI'a: Theory, Practice and Transformations. 333 (2009).
However, the prophet's goal of this matter to laid the foundations of a new society and a new Islamic nation, by establishing the doctrinal, political and legal unity among Muslims. he began to organize his relations with non-Muslims, and his intention was to provide security, peace for all human. This is the real laws of tolerance that emerged in the prophet's life. Comparing with the Extremists Troupes nowadays that originated Ikhwan (the Muslim Brotherhood) and sprayed in most of Muslim nations, as they focused in Saudi Arabia. to spread their destructive political influence.
8. BRIEF OF THE CONVENTIONS
The convention that happened between prophet Muhammad with the Jewish community when they came to Medina as an agreement of peace between Muslim and Jewish people to serve as good neighbors.25 Also, the convention that happened between prophet Muhammad and Christians of Najran, establishing a pact for a secure life and peace that promised mutual protection of their lands and properties, etc.26 The other Convention named (Pact of Umar) this pact in the caliph or successor Umar ibn al-Khattab named al-Umaria, resulting in an agreement that created a foundation for a peaceful living between Muslims and Christians that protects from physical harm to families and property.27
9. THE MEDINA AGREEMENT (SAHIFAH AL-MEDINA) DURING PROPHET MUHAMMAD'S LIFE
This letter encloses the believers and Muslims from the Quraysh and the people of Yathrib and those who followed them and joined them and fought with them.28 The Madinah agreement or Sahifah al-Madinah29 could be a settlement expecting to join together the individuals of Madinah, who at that time comprised of different tribes and religions. The goal of this treaty is to be the center in building a modern country and making a society that was joined together and able to work out resilience beneath the standards of Islam. It was two parts divided by the Prophet.30
First part is the Muslim consisted Muhajirin and Ansar.31 Second part is non- Muslim, held between the prophet and Jews that most focused to guarantee their rights.32
These conventions set the stage for a peaceful coexistence between differing communities. The breaching of the conventions defies Islamic law, violating the principles of it.33 A person cannot be forced to follow another religion unwillingly. As God said, "For You is Your Religion; For Me is My Religion."34 Therefore, actions attempting to do so cannot derive from Islamic teachings or provisions. It is just political parties known Shiite and Sunni (Ikhwan). Likewise, the intent of discussing these
25 Al Hindi, Ehsan, Rulings of War and Peace in the Islamic State, 96 (1993).
26 Al-Hindi 'Muhammad Hamid Allah, 185 (1987).
27 See Juan Pedro Monferrer ET AL., Christian-Muslim Relations: A Bibliographical History (600900), 104-361-362, (David Richard Thomas & Barbara Roggema eds. 2009).
28 See Sahifah al- Madinah, available at http://www.aohr.net/portal/wp-content/uploads/pdf
See also Denny, F. M. (1977). 'Ummah in the Constitution of Medina'. Journal of Near Eastern Studies, Vol. 36, No. 1 (Jan., 1977), pp. 39-47
29 Means Book or Constitution It was written by prophet Mohammed Peace be upon him, and was the first constitution in the Islamic history.
30 Volume 2, Mahmud, Sharif Basyuni. 2003: 27-29 <International Documents on Human Rights, (2003). This document was published with permission from the International Institute for Human Rights at DePaul University Chicago.
"Hijrah, (Arabic: "Migration" or "Emigration") also spelled Hejira or Hijra, Latin Hegira, the Prophet Muhammad's migration (622 CE) from Mecca to Yathrib (Medina) upon invitation in order to escape persecution. After arriving, Muhammad negotiated the Constitution of Medina with the local clans, thereby establishing the Muslim community as a sociopolitical entity for the first time." See Encyclopedia Britannica, Hijrah Islam
available at
https://hrmars.com/papers_submitted/3233/A_Comparative_Analysis_of_Bay%E2%80%98ah.pdf
31 A.H. Qasami, Islamic Government 20-21 (2015) ISHA Books
32 Id
33 See Nadia Mahmoud Mustafa et al., Introduction to The Project of International Relations in Islam 185 (1996).
34 Quran, supra note 1.
conventions and agreements that took place during the time of the prophet Mohammed due to the response of the rebels who violate the policy of the KSA in the present era. The Fact of Doctrines of Shiite and Sunni (Ikhwan, JSM)
Essentially, there was no doctrine naming Shiite to follow during prophet Muhammed's lifetime.35 This doctrine appeared since the political issues that happened after prophet Muhammed's death. When the selection of caliphs (successors) who will be after the prophet. Thus, during the prophet's life was nothing existing of Shiite. However, Sunni is the prophet's interpretations form related to his saying, acts. etc.
The Ikhwan in the modern era just has similar political principle of Shiite. Nonetheless, the Ikhwan alleged to be Sunni. These groups chose to impose their policy to attain the authority and power, and then at the end they are nothing just clandestine anarchy, claiming the need to prove themselves in the name of religion. Islamic religion is inculpable from their fables and deception. Sunni doctrine has an obvious approach, that does not have this type of heresy. Finally, the objective of these destructive groups is to create the kilafa caliphate that does not recognize the freedoms,36 and does not accept the coexistence with life and its development according to their interpretations. Also, as MBS described them exactly of triangle of evil; which they are "Iran, the Muslim Brotherhood, and terror groups."37 In this regard, the KSA seeks to promote the coexistence inter-religions and combat destructive ideology that extend by doctrines that appeared without a divine religious reference.
10. CONCLUSION
This subject acts to show how the terrorist movements has affected youth in the era between 1970 and the beginning of 2000s.The methods used are more political tools not as they think in justice through the lens of Islam. Due to these troupes interpretations, people feel gaslighted because it is hard to know what to believe, for women, and young male especially. Inappropriately, their discrimination and oppressive lifestyles are not a part of religious documents of Islam that we follow. This is what to have be described as the method to conquer and humiliate. Finally, as it clear the true Islam does not belong to any sects or a particular person. This means not to venerate particular people as worshiping them and obey them as divine. In this regards, this paper explains the provisions, and principles that prophet stated, particularly according to the treatments with other religions and respect the treaties. Thus, how the people came after prophet Muhammad and ruined the people's ideas, The result is becoming sporadic sects due to misleading political purposes under the name of religion that destroyed the world.38
Notably, they want to centralize in a way that does not fit on their attitude. In fact this statement because some extremists people who alleged that they are reformers people. However, actually, they are far away from what they pretend to be. It is obvious, that many people had supported terrorism in the Muslim World, and unfortunate they were as Islamic preachers in KSA. After Saudi government arrested them, they came in a quiet way to attract people to their thought especially youth, but the government catch up the manipulating that they tried to hide it. Most of these people pretend as they a political activist.. Literally, they are devoid of patriotism. Moreover, they were one the radical people who incite youth to start jihad. Also, they out their power and restore the caliph, but when they wanted the Western Countries in their side they suddenly changed and
35 The doctrine was invented due to political conflicts after the prophet's death, so the intention is to use religions as a political tool to convince people. Also, these groups allege to be Sunni, such as the Ikhwan and Salafi.
36 The Caliphate is The Fiction Among the Arab media and A Reality Among Western Politicians, Al-WAIE Magazine, (2008) 258-259 available at http://www.al-waie.org/archives/article/762. (Trans. interpretatively from Arabic to English by the author).
37 Jeffrey Goldberg, Saudi Crown Prince: Iran's Supreme Leader 'Makes Hitler Look Good', In a wide-ranging conversation, Prince Mohammed bin Salman also recognized the Jewish people's right to "their own land. ", Theatlantic Magazine Apr. 2, 2018 available at https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2018/04/mohammed-bin-salman-iran-israel/557036/.
38 See Haeather M et al., Sectarianism in the Middle East, Implications for the United States available at https://www.rand.org/content/dam/rand/pubs/research_reports/RR1600/RR1681/RAND_RR1681z1.arabic.pdf
reformulate it into democracy. A lot of families in Saudi were influenced by these evil people. As they invaded schools by creating Islamic groups in defaced way. They have one same principle the racism among religions. What a weird situation, this kind of people who want to destroy their countries by ideologies and they and their family want to live in a freedom approach. Their intentions appeared when social media emersion and people commenced studying abroad in western countries. They believed that they are the intellectuals and intelligences offspring in the world. It is really miserable to obtain the advises and knowledge from this type of people who all of their interest to get the power alleging the notability in front of the greatest countries one of them The United States of America. Which is mean the enemy in their faith. Actually, their goals to open the terrorist theocratic rule in order to destroy the world.
According to the last point in this research that focused in the Saudi rulers. The KSA has opened a very development acts practically since King Salman has appointed to be a king in 2015 and his son Mohammed Bin Salman was appointed to be a crown prince. MBS is a young and educated person and a contemporary leader with a majority of ages in KSA. This is a very satisfactory range to help the country for modern development as well. The accomplishments since he came and try to modify erroneous acts: Elimination of all the kind of religious parties that their goals establishing wars under the name of Jihad led to fight Western Nations as they alleged, and this cause of course the spreading sedition and destabilizing security in this world. The government now tries to open the world together without discriminations especially in religious ethnicity based on the verse "Is your religion for you, is my religion and for me". Developing the economic sector one of the huge plan is Neom. It will for sure fill and invest a lot of unemployment, and experts in many majors worldwide to build international partnership and this is a most knowledgeable strategy. Established educational institutions such as Prince Mohamed bin Salman College Business & Entrepreneurship (MBSC) as well as send student to study abroad. The most important challenging is woman rights as he announced for woman driving and equity in most of her rights based on Islam and real interpretation. To sum up, this study took all the significant rules to show the moderate Islamic religion starting from the prophet Mohammed's era and his rules and principles with the other religious such as Judaism and Christianity to just make the world in peace. Currently, the government of Saudi Arabia took the same principles for sake of peace and security. In the other hand the extremist groups tried to destabilize the world under the name of religion using brain wash innocent youth and destroy them. To sum up, The Kingdom made its efforts to promote and coexistence Inter-Religions and combating destructive ideology locally and internationally with many activities to counter terrorism.
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