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THE PLACE OF THEATRICAL ART IN CHILDREN'S MUSICAL GROUPS OF
UZBEKISTAN Akhmedova N-А.
Akhmedova Nargiza Alimdjanovna - Lecturer, DEPARTMENT OF MUSICAL PEDAGOGY, STATE CONSERVATORY OF UZBEKISTAN, TASHKENT,REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN
Abstract: the role of music in the performing arts is a very important element. This is why children's music should be pieces of music intended to be listened to and performed by children. Samples of children's music are distinguished by their simple form, vivid expressiveness, and lively artistic content.
Theatrical elements of indigenous peoples, folk performances, "mim" (imitation), "maskharaboz", "askiya", "qugirchoq", various types of theater have developed since ancient times. It should be noted that at the same time children's performances were shown in comedy shows. This is a vivid evidence of the development of children's musical theatrical art, combined with the manifestation of childhood and the hard work of our people. Keywords: music, theater, art, method, performance, chorus, song, genre.
МЕСТО ТЕАТРАЛЬНОГО ИСКУССТВА В ДЕТСКИХ МУЗЫКАЛЬНЫХ
КОЛЛЕКТИВАХ УЗБЕКИСТАНА Ахмедова Н.А.
Ахмедова Наргиза Алимджановна - преподаватель, кафедра музыкальной педагогики, Государственная консерватория Узбекистана, г. Ташкент, Республика Узбекистан
Аннотация: роль музыки в театральном искусстве является очень важным элементом. Вот почему детская музыка должна быть музыкальными произведениями, предназначенными для прослушивания и исполнения детьми. Образцы детской музыки отличаются простой формой, яркой выразительностью, живым художественным содержанием.
Театральные элементы коренных народов, народные спектакли, «мим» (имитация), «масхарабоз», «аския», «кугирчок», различные виды театра развивались с древних времен. Стоит отметить, что одновременно детские спектакли показывались в комедийных шоу. Это яркое свидетельство развития детского музыкального театрального искусства в сочетании с проявлением детства и упорного труда нашего народа.
Ключевые слова: музыка, театр, искусство, метод, исполнительство, хор, песня, жанр.
UDC 078
Children's life, folk tales, natural landscapes, wildlife are reflected in children's music. In works intended for children's performance, their performance capabilities include the scope of children's voices, readiness to sing in a choir, the complexity of the method of performance. Among the musical works created specifically for children to listen to are many stage productions of opera, ballet, musical performances, movies and cartoons, music recorded for television and radio broadcasts. Examples of folk music performed by children and adults for them include songs, musical performances and games in children's folklore.
Even if we look at the history of world music, there are many children's musical works. Among them: "Notebook of Anna Magdalena Bach" by IS Bach, "Children's Album" by P. Tchaikovsky, "Youth Album" by R. Schumann, orchestral fantasy "Carnival of Animals" by K. Sensans, symphonic "Petya and the Wolf" by S. Prokofiev fairy tale, K.Orfs 5-volume collection "Music for children" - in collaboration with G.Ketman are bright examples of children's music.
Children's music in Uzbekistan originated in the 1930s. Ilyas Akbarov, H.Muhamedova, K.Abdullaev created the first children's songs, V.Uspensky, B.Nadezhdin created the first piano works for children. But it was not until the 1950s and 1990s that children's music developed as a system. M.Burhanov, A.Muhamedov, F.Kadyrov, N.Norkhodjaev, E.Shvars, A.Mansurov and other popular songs, S.Varelas, B.Gienko, D.Zokirov, G.Mushel, F.Nazarov in different genres works. Composers such as H. Azimov, S. Abramova, P. Khalikov, G. Kadyrov have written works on children's music education. Opera for children ("Yoriltosh", S.Boboev; "Alovuddin's magic lamp", S.Varelas; "Malikai ayyor", S.Jalil; "Ali Bobo and forty robbers", V.Milov; Mansurov and others) and ballets ("Golden Key", B. Zeidman; "Beautiful Vasilisa", A. Berlin), musical comedy ("The Wise Girl and the Stupid King", D. Zokirov and others). Composers T. Toshmatov, N. Norkhodjaev, M. Bafoev, A. Ergashev, A. Nabiev, A. Mansurov and others created music for performances for young audiences and puppet theaters.
Although the peoples of Central Asia, including the Uzbeks, do not have a professional choral art, they have a long tradition of singing as a group. He devoted himself to labor activity, lifestyle, created musical masterpieces, passed down orally from generation to generation. Children, women, men had separate singing traditions. For example: remembrance of adults in religious ceremonies, singing of mourning songs, children singing in public
during Ramadan, Navruz celebrations, seasonal celebrations, singing of girls and boys, women singing at weddings, lapar, yalla, chertmak, five applause and performed solo. The songs in the vocal part of "Shoshmaqom", collected over the centuries, were also sung by three, four or more singers. Three or four or more hafiz performed the "big songs", which are popular among our people, especially in the Fergana Valley. Performance forms of these folk songs, such as yor-yor, olan, yalla, hashar, besh karsak, lapar, big songs and maqoms, chanting as a group, will be popular among the Uzbek people in the future, as well as Uzbek choral art and musical theater. laid the groundwork for the development of the genre.
There are dozens of children's song and dance ensembles in our country. The Bulbulcha ensemble of the Uzbek State Philharmonic Society was a model for the opening and operation of these ensembles in 1970-1990 and provided methodological and creative guidance to all children's ensembles. Children's song and dance ensemble "Bulbulcha" was founded in 1970 under the Uzbek Television and Radio Company. Enthusiastic and youth coach Shermat Yormatov was instrumental in organizing the ensemble, and he began his career as the artistic director of the ensemble. The ensemble "Bulbulcha" soon achieved great success in the world of children's music. Songs "Chitti gul", "Chillak oyun", "Lola sayli", "Assalom hayot" composed by Shermat Yormatov became the favorite songs of young children and began to sound as a symbol of the ensemble "Bulbulcha". This artistic community still serves as an aesthetic foundation for the spiritual growth of their children.
Sh.Yormatov, a great musician, active promoter of children's choral art, People's Artist of Uzbekistan, holder of the Order "For Healthy Generation", artistic director and chief conductor of the children's choir "Bulbulcha" of the Uzbek Television and Radio Company, has made a significant contribution to the development of children's choral culture in Uzbekistan. weighted. Many creative initiatives in the Republican children's choral art are associated with his name. He is constantly looking for new ways in the development of choral culture. While studying at the conservatory, Sh. Yormatov organized a children's choir at the Republican Palace of Children and Adolescents.
After graduating from the conservatory, Sh. Yormatov continued his work at the same school, as the leader of the choir and music teacher. Yormatov's tireless organizational activity, passion, love for children, high level of professionalism allowed him to raise the level of performance of the choir to a higher level in a short time. Having found its creative path, this choir is now popular among choral music fans, all music lovers, has participated in various national and foreign competitions and won prizes, as well as actively participates in all festive events in our country. Yormatov's creative acumen, curiosity, inclination to new forms of music education of children allowed him to organize school music and choir classes. In most cases, children with musical ability were admitted to these classes. These were the first choir classes organized in our republic as part of choir studios. All this was the basis for the activation and effectiveness of the choir. It was during this period that Sh. Yormatov formed a boys' choir, which proved to be a stable and unique team at school. Its originality was manifested, first of all, in a new direction of performance, which embodied the traditions of academic and Uzbek national singing. The concert activities of the boys' choir soon made him famous and played an important role in attracting Uzbek boys to the choir. Thus, in the mid-1970s, a large choir "Boychechak", a boys 'choir and a girls' vocal ensemble were founded in 99 schools of Tashkent.
Year by year, the performance skills of choirs have increased, their programs have expanded, and the number of concert performances has increased. Both choirs of the school were involved in children's television programs such as "Do, re, mi, fa, sol", "Sing children", "Sing together", "Art buds". The Boychechak choir has toured throughout Uzbekistan, participated in festivals and competitions of Finnish and Bulgarian choirs, and several times in Estonia. In 1970, the choir "Boychechak" became a choir studio and was awarded the title of "Exemplary Children's Choir of the Republic." Due to the breadth of his tour, his rich and colorful programs (world classics, consisting of choral works by Uzbek composers) have led to the inclusion of various folk songs.
Unfortunately, due to the lack of conditions at the Children's Palace, the boys 'choir disbanded in the 1980s after 10 years of operation.
Due to the growing interest in folklore, folk songs, new directions in the artistic performance of the ensemble have emerged. The folklore ensemble, as well as dutar girls, doirachi, folk musical instruments, participants of dances (small and large groups), as well as listeners, arouse love for folk music. The team's performance program, performance style helped to understand the characteristics of different folk songs. Thus, the children's choir "Bulbulcha" of the Uzbek Television and Radio Company allowed each member of the group to get acquainted with all genres and types of art.
Another interesting tradition in the studio "Farhod" is a summer "choir break", where the rest is combined with active choir practice. The children returned from summer camps in Moscow, Ekaterinburg, Podolsk, Yerevan and Bakhmali.
The combination of work and leisure has a huge impact on both the formation of the team and the individual training of each choir performance. During this time, the studio teachers act as music directors and educators. Annual summer camps help to establish friendly relations between children, create certain traditions.
Summer camps help to improve the consensus between studio participants and choir leaders, and this is important for the studio's future activities throughout the school year. During the summer holidays, studio participants will have time to get acquainted with and study two-thirds of the works planned for the next academic year.
The studio has a wide range of listeners, including kindergartens (small choir), secondary schools, military units, companies, city and republican orphanages and palaces, the annual choir festival "Art Festival" and competitions in the conservatory, Bukhara, Gave concerts in Uchkuduk, Tashkent and Zafarabad.
The educators of the studio are young, enthusiastic, creative and enterprising people, united by the noble goal -to acquaint children with beauty and nobility.
References / Список литературы
1. Ibrokhimov O., Sadirov J. Musiqa: 7-sinf. Toshkent, 2001.
2. ImomnazarovM., Eshmukhamedova S. Milliy ma'naviyat asoslari. Toshkent, 2001.
