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9THE PECULIARITIES OF COMPETITIVE ACTIVITY OF FEMALE ELITE FOOTBALL PLAYERS
Lu Chi, postgraduate
V.N. Seluyanov, professor, Ph.D.
Russian State University of Physical Culture, Sport, Youth and Tourism (SCOLIPC), Moscow
Key words: football, competitions, movements, speed.
Introduction. The key criterion of fitness for female football players is competitive activity, which, along with the result of the match and trainer's expert evaluation is characterized by the amount of motor movements as well as the number and accuracy of technical and tactical actions. There is a lot of information about the competitive activity of football players in domestic and foreign literature. According to the work of V.N. Seluyanov (2006), female football players overcome about 2-2,3 km at low speed (0 to 2,5 m/s, walk, slow run), 2,3-2,8 km - at average speed (2,5 to 6 m/s), 300-500 m - at high speed (6 m/s to maximum). The total distance a footballer is to overcome during the match is 10-12 km on the average.
Nowadays, the level of physical activity of female football players is approaching the level of activity of male players. This is displayed in the increase in the amount of running in a tough fight with an opponent, in the growth of oxygen consumption at the level of anaerobic threshold and stroke volume, in the improvement of physical fitness.
However, female football players have their physiological features. Therefore, the content of training programs for elite football players is to largely meet the specifics of competitive activity.
The problem of the specificity of competitive activity of female football players is important due to the shortage of researches on the competitive activity of elite female football players in Russia and China.
In this regard, the purpose of the study was to analyze the competitive activity of Chinese female football players and compare it with the data of the strongest foreign female football players.
Materials and methods. Football players of the Chinese women's team, which performed in the tournament of four countries in Chongqing, were involved in the experiment. In the experiment, the actions of football players were recorded using two SONY cameras. Videocameras were installed in the center of the field on the top of the tribune. Video of the match was analyzed using the SIMI Scout analysis system (Germany). The amount of motor movements was determined using the program SportsCode (Australia).
Results and discussion. According to the findings, the rate of the anaerobic threshold of elite
Chinese football players is 3,6 m/s. All variants of running were divided into 6 groups on the basis of the rate of the anaerobic threshold:
1) sprint (6 m/s to maximum),
2) run at high speed (4,8 to 6 m/s),
3) at average speed (3.6 to 4.8 m/s),
4) at low speed (2.4 to 3.6 m/s),
5) slow run (1,5 to 2,4 m/s),
6) slower run (0 to 1,5 m/s).
Table 1 shows the results of the motor activity of female football players during two times.
Table 1. Results of the motor activity of female football players (n = 16, M ± m)
Examined parameters Half Sprint Run at high speed At average speed At low speed Slow run Slower run
Duration, c 1st 2,3±0,2 2,42±0,3 2,55±0,4 2,7±0,5 5,2±0,5 6,9±1,1
2nd 2,3±0,3 2,37±0,3 2,45±0,3 2,6±0,4 5,1±0,6 6,8±1,3
Frequency 1st 19±3 26±7 52±12 220±30 230±28 135±14
2nd 11±5 19±6 36±10 210±33 220±32 125±18
Time, % 1st 1,49±0,2 2,14±0,4 4,51±0,8 19,46±0,6 40,70±1,1 31,70±1,0
2nd 0,95±0,2 1,68±0,2 3,30±0,4 20,40±0,8 41,92±1,6 31,76±1,4
It is seen that the first and second halves are significantly different in respect to play activity indicators. In particular, in sprint, run at high and average speed a significant decrease is marked (19 vs 11, p <0.01; 26 vs 19, p <0.05; 52 vs 36, p <0.05). The time of movement at different speed (sprint, run at high and average speed) is lower in the 2nd half compared to the first one: 1,49 vs 0,95%, p<0.01; 2,14 vs 1,68%, p<0.05; 4,51 vs 3,30%, p<0.05.
According to the study of movements of female football players in matches, their total amount per match was 9693.07 m. The amount of movements of female football players at different speed is given in Table. 2.
Table 2. Movements offemale football players at different speed
Half -a e e p s h M e 50 a r e £ T3 e e p s £ JD c p n a r
Sprint t a n ä Run at speed t a n ä r w lo Sl e we lo Total
1st 181,02±5 352,04±70 749,08±19 1339,61±26 1065,88±14 1253,92±13 4891,41±45
4,78 ,59 7,27 7,54 4,04 8,86 5,68
2nd 124,48±6 300,04±80 698,36±19 1265,65±22 1030,45±13 1331,09±12 4801,37±44
3,39 ,06 3,76 7,06 9,83 6,12 6,90
Total per 305,81±1 652,90±18 1447,91±3 2604,95±44 2096,40±23 2585,10±24 9693,07±82
match 67,39 8,70 60,08 9,01 8.08 0,18 4,57
P <0,05 <0,05 <0,01 <0,01 >0.05 <0,01 <0,05
As seen from Table 2, a female football player should be ready to run nearly 10 km per match, including running 2406.62 m at the anaerobic threshold. Except for the slow run indicator, everything takes place with significance of differences. The amount of movements of female football players per match is different for players having different positions. Defenders run an average of 9143 m, midfielders - 10437 m, forwards - 10011 m, and when running at high speed (4.8 m/s to maximum): defenders - 1053 m, midfielders - 1039 m, forwards - 1004 m.
The running speed indicators differ significantly in the first and second halves.
Conclusions.
1. The number of sprint accelerations (more than 6 m/s) was 30 per match (19 in the first half and 11 in the second. The differences between the first and second halves were statistically significant.
2. The total amount of running at different speed reached 10 km, running at speed of more than 4.8 m/s - 1000 m and did not differ significantly among players of different positions.
3. Competitive activity differed significantly in all indicators when comparing the calculations of the first and second halves.
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Corresponding author: 55649801Liu@gmail.com, 8-967-016-58-09
