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13THE OPPORTUNITIES OF DEVELOPING THE AGRO-FOOD
COMPLEX Turobova H.1, Yokubov D.2
1Turobova Hulkar - Teacher;
2Yokubov Dadaxon - Student,
DEPARTMENT ECONOMY, BUKHARA STATE UNIVERSITY, BUKHARA, REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN
Abstract: the article considers the significance of agricultural enterprises and their role in the development of international cooperative relations in the global food security. Keywords: global food security, agricultural enterprises, synergistically effective.
The safety and supply problems of food are the basis of economic and social policy of each state. Uzbekistan's food strategy is presenting high efficiency. Including, many basic principles of Uzbek food policy is recognized as an advanced practice and recommended by the World Food Program of the UN to other developing countries.
Indeed, in 2013 it can be seen that food production per person in the country has been increased by 90 percent of meat and meat products, 43 percent of dairy products, 50 percent of eggs, 142 percent of the grain, and 158 percent of potatoes compared to 1990. It has been achieved by improving the reclamation of land, breeding the sorts of fertile, less water required and resistant agricultural crops to various conditions of climate and improving the brood of productive livestock.
Although, in Uzbekistan a number of important measures are carried out in developing the agro-food complex, there are still issues that are also available to be solved. According to the analysis of statistical data, 25-30 percent of agricultural products are being lost. Agricultural production, storage, transportation and the activity of the system of reproduction spheres are poorly organized according to objective and subjective reasons.
At the time of the globalization of food safety and supply problems, it is considered to be one of the most important tasks for organizations, scientists and experts carrying out activities in the same spheres to develop the networks of these spheres and take measures to stabilize their activity [1-4].
At the result of investigations it can be seen that native and foreign scholars and experts carried out a number of scientific and practical works in terms of solving the local and global food problems and ensuring his safety by developing the agriculture and food industry.
At the time of the globalization of food security, it is crucial to produce and export food products, to establish international cooperative relations, to develop them and to develop the economic mechanisms of running an effective activity with the aim of attracting direct foreign investments in this sector and to overcome the above problems.
Today, it is worthily noticeable that experiences of the cooperative movement should be explored and practically implemented by all spheres, because cooperation is an international occurrence. All over the world, the practical importance of learning cooperative activities also allow to better implementation of mutually beneficial and mutually advantageous cooperation in international context.
The significance of improving international cooperative relationships and its development mechanism on the basis of new approaches for the following reasons:
Analysis of the world and agricultural products' markets shows, in the future, food consumption and issues relating to the population food supply will simultaneously increase. According to the UN forecasts, in 2025, population of the planet will reach over 8.3 billion and 4 billion tons of food products will be required [4]. According to these rates, the demand for food is growing day by day. These conditions enable Uzbekistan efficiently use
the opportunities of agricultural production. There are more than 73 thousand farmers; more than 28 thousand of them are diversified [5].
Table 1. The analysis of indicators of agricultural production in the Republic of Uzbekistan
Name of product a unit of measurement 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 The rate of growth
Grain Thousand tons 7054.0 7519,5 7807,8 8050.5 8173.5 115,8
cotton Thousand tons 3500 3460,1 3361,2 3400.2 3361.3 96
Potato Thousand tons 1862.6 2057,1 2250,4 2452.4 2696,9 144.8
Vegetable Thousand tons 6994.0 7767,4 8518,4 9286,7 10129,3 144,8
Fruit and berries Thousand tons 1878.8 2052,8 2261,1 2490,6 2746,1 146.1
Grape Thousand tons 1090.2 1206 1322,1 1441,2 1579,3 144,8
Meat Thousand tons 1564.2 1672,9 1787,8 1906.3 2033.4 130
Milk Thousand tons 6766.2 7310,9 7885,5 8431.6 9027.8 133.4
Egg Million 3441.7 3873,7 4388,1 4950.0 5535.4 160,8
Fish (caught) Thousand ton 17.2 25,9 37,5 46.3 59.8 3,4 times big
Source: Agriculture of Uzbekistan. Statistical collection. T., 2016.
We can see in Uzbekistan the grain production by 15,8 percent, by 44,8 percent of potatoes, vegetables and grapes by 44-46 percents have increased in 2011 compared to 2015. To avoid losses, storage and processing of these agricultural products should be effectively established. According to the analysis, we can say that, only 10.8-15.8 per cent of vegetables, 17.1-20.8 percent of fruit and 22.3-34.8 per cent of grapes, 11 per cent of the meat, 4.5 per cent of milk grown during the years of 2012-2014 have been processing. Uzbekistan can become exporter of food products in the region apart from providing the population with food products. For this reason, all opportunities should be efficiently used without agro-food product loss.
Based on the above analysis, for the purpose of the following the region's food output and for the development of the processing industry:
- to carry out related events strengthening of legislation aimed at ensuring the effective use of land and water resources management in agriculture;
-to ensure high the share of food products at the structure of agricultural products;
- to develop and carry out a set of socio-economic measures political, legal of motivation, to support state the production of agricultural products;
- to produce and storage of agricultural products, to strengthening material-technical base of processing, to use extensive modern technology;
- to improve the quality of the seed and pedigree;
- to improve research and information provision.
Food supply and security while serious among the global problems, one of them the most important issue to increase the efficiency of food producing industries and to increase the efficiency of their activities using the internal capacity at each country.
References
1. Afanas'ev S.G. Prodovol'stvennaya bezopasnost' Rossii. [Electronic resource]. URL: www.//izhagro.ru/ (date of access: 10.06.2017).
2. Altuhov A. Prodovol'stvennuyu bezopasnost' v SNG sozdavat' soobshcha. [Electronic resource]. URL: www.//izhagro.ru/ (date of access: 10.06.2017).
3. Alimov R.O., Rasulev A.F., Kadirov A.M. The problems of competitiveness of the economy of Uzbekistan.Tashkent.: «Konsauditin form-nashr», 2006. P. 440.
4. Prodovol'stvennaya bezopasnost'. Agrobiznes - Rossiya. № 11, 2008. S. 23.
