CC BY
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sectoral organizations that have extensive experience in coordinating international cooperation, using resources, regulating the world economy. Global cooperation through the creation of formal or informal international institutions represents an important mechanism for solving problems. With its help, it is possible to achieve stability in the modern world, ensure stable economic growth, accelerate the development of the poorest countries, solve environmental and climate problems, limit the consumption of exhaustible resources, and even influence the consequences of globalization.
References:
1. Mirovaya ekonomika i mezhdunarodnye ekonomicheskie otnosheniya : uchebnik dlya akademicheskogo bakalavriata / A. I. Pogorleckij [i dr.] ; pod red. A. I. Pogorleckogo, S. F. Sutyrina. — M. :idatel'stvo Yurajt, 2017. — 499 s. — (Seriya : Bakalavr. Akademicheskij kurs). — ISBN 978-5-534-01336-8.
УДК 004.1
J. A. Klimovskikh
the associate professor of North Caucasus Federal University, Russia
Stavropol A. E. Tkachenko
the associate professor of North Caucasus Federal University, Russia
Stavropol A. Maloletkin
the student of North Caucasus Federal University, Russia
Stavropol
THE MAIN PROBLEMS OF INTRODUCTION OF ELECTRONIC DOCUMENT TURNING SYSTEMS AT THE ENTERPRISE AND POSSIBLE WAYS OF THEIR DECISION
Annotation: This article describes in detail the problems of implementation of document management systems in the enterprise. And also provides recommendations that, in our opinion, will help most effectively solve the problem of introducing electronic document management systems (EDMS) in the enterprise.
The article is recommended to employees of those organizations which leaders are thinking about making a decision on the implementation of the SED, as well as those who need to understand what problems they will face clearly.
Keyword: electronic document management systems (EDMS), implementation, factor, web server, digital signature, archive
The volume of documents currently used is continuously growing. It's unlikely to refuse paper documents completely; however, according to the opinion of many experts, the use of electronic options will become predominant over time.
Today, there is a widespread introduction of electronic document management systems, which has a large number of advantages over paper ones, for example, maintaining an electronic archive. However, while introducing electronic document management systems that are ready to provide many convenient services,
there are many problems that managers in any enterprise may encounter. They are viewed in this article.
There are the following general problems of the implementation of workflow systems in the enterprise: 1). the human factor; 2) the management factor; 3) objective factors as structural leapfrog and lack of workflow; problems at the beginning of implementation.
Let us consider each of them in more detail.
1. The human factor - the conservatism of employees.
The SED is characterized by one feature: the system must be implemented throughout the organization, otherwise the management will not get the maximum efficiency from its use. However, in any enterprise there are people who avoid innovations. Such conservatism is justified by the staff reluctance to be retrained, or, for example, by low education. This problem may make it difficult to implement the EDMS.
It is necessary to understand that some employees have got used to a certain method of work for years, and now they need to change it for another, absolutely unusual for them.
It is necessary to start working with the electronic documents gradually. For example, you can begin with using e-mail. Then you may create a simple intranet system and train employees to search for the necessary reference materials on the internal intranet server. People will gradually get used to working with electronic documents.
In addition, it is necessary to try to find some enthusiasts among all employees who could teach others to use a new, paperless way of working. Training courses must be organized to implement this strategy. It is very important that the courses are initially voluntary. After the mass introduction of the practice, the training should become obligatory, but by this time people will have an interest based on certain information received from those who have been trained first [1].
2. Management factor
If the head of the enterprise is a person lacking initiative or simply conservative, then, probably, electronic document management systems will not be implemented at this enterprise at all.
Some managers are afraid that with the introduction of the SED, there may appear transparency in their activities, both for their management and for their subordinates. And some have the so-called factor of the "director of the Soviet type". Such leaders prefer to deal with real people, rather than working directly on computers and with electronic documents.
The only solution to this problem is to convince the manager that with the introduction of electronic document management systems the organization will only benefit.
3. Objective factors are those factors that need to be considered at the planning stage of implementation, as over time they may become insurmountable.
a) Structural leapfrog
If an organization undergoes constant structural changes, then the introduction of an electronic document management system can significantly simplify the implementation of these structural changes. SED will help to avoid the difficulties that arise when transferring large amounts of information, written on paper, from one department to another. When leapfrog takes place in the organizational structure, it is necessary to implement only those components of electronic document management systems that are available and adequate for its state. With this approach, it is necessary to find a company for the implementation of the SED, focused specifically on long-term work.
b) Lack of workflow
In the modern world there are also organizations in which there is no document flow as such. To introduce electronic document management there, firstly, it is necessary to launch a pilot project - for example, to analyze the activity of the enterprise and identify weak points affected by the lack of formalization in their business.
4. Problems at the beginning of implementation
One of the problems of introducing electronic document management systems is ensuring the validity of electronic documents. The adoption of a law regulating the use of electronic digital signatures has made it possible to give legal status to electronic documents. There is also a compromise path. You can attach paper copies with a "real signature" to electronic documents that have legal validity.[2]
Interaction with the outside world
Document exchange within the organization structures comprises mostly paper documents. In order for these paper documents to circulate effectively it is necessary to obtain their electronic samples. Electronic images of such documents can be obtained by using scanners. There are many professional systems that are designed to receive images of documents, such as Accent Capture or InputAccel, focused on using industrial streaming scanners.[3]
Replacement of existing documents
The stage of replacement of existing paper documents by electronic form can be considered one of the most dangerous. If the organization has a paper archive of documents, then an electronic archive of existing documents should be created from paper by scanning.
If there is no archive in the organization, then you first need to achieve a unified order of storing documents in directories, and also prohibit (including by technical means) storing documents on local disks of computers.
In conclusion, we can say that despite the implementation problems discussed above, the SEDs are becoming more widely used precisely because their effect is not measured by direct savings of resources, but by improving the quality of the organization's work. Subject to the introduction of such systems management will become more transparent, informative and operational. It should also be understood that the purpose of the SED is not to eradicate paper documents, but to create an
effective environment for managing and operating the organization.
Bibliography:
1. The global market for electronic document management systems [Electronic resource]. URL: http ://citforum. ru/consulting/docflow/ market/article 1. 8.2002488.html (circulation date 01.11.2018)
2. How to evaluate the economic efficiency of the electronic document management system [Electronic resource]. URL: https://www.sekretariat.ru/article /210268-qqe-16-m4-kak-otsenit-ekonomicheskuyu-
effektivnostsed (circulation date 01.11.2018)
3. The main problems of implementation of EDMS in organizations [Electronic resource]. URL: https://www.comindware.com/ru/blog-document-workflow-system-implementation-issues/ (circulation date 01.11.2018)
УДК 67.08
Mashtakova K. V. student of a magistracy 1 course, faculty "Equipment, and technology" Institute of Services Sector and Entrepreneurship
(branch) of DSTU Shakhty Russia, Shakhty
CONSEQUENCES OF ANTHROPOGENIC IMPACTS ON THE
ENVIRONMENT
Annotation. Now the burning issue of the negative impact of the person on the environment came to light. It is not dependent on the sphere of activity, indisputable harm is done to an ecosystem. In article types of anthropogenic impacts on the environment are analyzed. Artificial sources and types of pollution in industrial activity are considered. The main industrial enterprises which during the work release harmful waste into the atmosphere is revealed. And also the review of the advantages of low-waste and waste-free technologies is given.
Key words: anthropogenic influences, environment, pollution, waste, low-waste technology, ecosystem, the biosphere.
To the intensive growth of the industrial enterprises and the accelerated industrialization, there is a process of change of the environment. At the beginning of production activity, the produced substances were insignificant pollution with which nature was able will cope. However, with the rapid development of science, mankind began to make such products and to develop such waste to which to resist it appeared it is impossible. Each new step in the development of industrial activity negatively affects the environment.
The relevance of a subject is in carrying out the review of a technique of reduction of emissions of production wastes in the atmosphere, thereby, of ensuring a decrease in rates of rapid increase of processes of influence. Elimination of negative consequences of production activity it is provided:
