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2. Xlopkovodstvo Uzbekistana za 50 let. Spravochnik/Pod. red. T. T. Zinina. - Tashkent: Uzbekistan, 1967.
3. Osnovi planirovaniya eksperimenta v selskoxozyaystvennoy mashinax RTM 23,2.36-73. - M.: VISXOM, 1974.
4. Augambayev M. I., Trekov Yu. I. Planirovaniye eksperimenta v nauchnix issledovaniyax po mexanizatsii selskoxozyaystvennogo proiz-vodstva/Pod. red. G. M. Rudakova, V. T. Yangiyo'l. - 1984.
Erkinov Zokirjon, research associate - the competitor, Tashkent institute of textile and light industry, Republic of Uzbekistan
Jumaniyazov Kadam, doctor of technical sciences, professor, Tashkent institute of textile and light industry
Parpiyev Habibulla, candidate for technical sciences, Namangan engineering texnological institute, Uzbekistan
Fayzullayev Shavkat, candidate for technical sciences, Tashkent institute of textile and light industry E-mail: fara_tashkent13@mail.ru
The influence technological parameters on the physical and mechanical properties twisted yarn
Abstract: The article contains results analyzes and experimental study on the techniques and technology of production and torsional mechanical properties developed on different yarn twisting machines. And also, presented a new design of the twisting equipment, which allows you to increase productivity, improve the quality of a multi-twisted yarn with a uniform distribution of twist.
Keywords: twist, twisted thread, ring twisting machines, experiment, spinning and twisting machine, spindle, double torsion, range, physical properties, equipment for twists.
Manufacture of textile products based on many years of experience in processing natural fibrous materials. Extensive scientific generalization of the experience to identify the physical nature of the phenomena occurring with fibers, yarns and half-made goods in certain passages of the process, have been producing since 1930.
Therefore, the development of a new range of products, new processes and machines before the optimal solution will be found, we have to spend a large amount of experimental work1 [1].
The properties of the yarn, thread, fabrics depends on the interaction of many factors and in particular on the geometrical forms of the product and methods of its formation. Studies of the interaction between factors, such as, determining strength parameters thread, it is necessary to examine its structure is limited, mainly the establishment of formulas depending on the strength of the twisted yarn made of natural fibers on the degree of twist and the properties of a single yarn.
Production of twisted yarn — consuming and expensive process, so reducing labor costs and increasing production efficiency — one of the minor problems in the textile industry.
Basically, the experimental work was carried out for chemical staple fibers and natural in Russia and foreign countries to study the structures of yarn and twisted yarn with the influence of the properties of the fibers.
The scientists of the Tashkent Institute of Textile and Light Industry and Namangan Engineering — Institute of Technology are working on research projects for the study and improvement of techniques and technologies textile materials, which leads to an increase in the range and production of fabrics made from twisted yarn.
To study the inherent properties of twisted yarn on separate transitions and comparing process twisted art authors experimental work on a large volume.
Single yarn, usually has an unstable structure and different structure in their physical properties, which negatively affects the quality of her performance. The utilization of fiber in a single yarn strength, determined by the ratio of the relative breaking force relative to the yarn power properties of fiber's, no more than 45-50 %. There are various reasons: the presence of weak points in the yarn where the number of fibers in cross section is 1.3-1.4 times smaller than the ratio number of them derived from the linear density yarn and fibers relationship, the fibers have finite length and etc. [2].
For developing, the twisted yarn on ring twisting machines dry method K-83, spinning and twisting machine PK-100-M4 and Two-For-One-Twister machines on firm «Volkmann» VTS-08 was used single-stranded cotton yarn of different assortments — 20, 25 and 29 tex.
Firstly was developed twists on structure 20 x 2, tex 20 x 3 a ring twister machine dry method K-83 from the single-stranded cotton yarn 20 tex and 25 prepared in the spinning «Truetzschler» company equipments. Also, twists of the same structure were produced on Two-For-One-Twister machine VTS-08. For the doubling of threads 2 and 3 in mixing can frame used TV-150. On spinning and twisting machine PK-100-M4 worked out the structure of twisted thread 20 x 2 tex.
Physical and mechanical properties of single yarns and twisted yarns are shown in tables 1 and 2.
The influence technological parameters on the physical and mechanical properties twisted yarn
Table 1. - Physical and mechanical properties of single yarn
№ Indicators number 20 tex 25 tex
1 Numeric value of yarn, Nm 50/1 40/1
2 Yarn unevenness, U % 11.3 10.8
3 The coefficient of variation in the unevenness, CV % 10.1 12.78
4 Relative breaking load, cN/tex 10.65 12.01
5 The coefficient of variation in the unevenness, CV % 6.46 7.69
6 Elongation, % 6.01 6.72
7 Neps(1000m) 94 108
8 The number of twists, Tw/m 924 778
9 The twist coefficient, at 41.32 42.61
Table 2. - Physical and mechanical properties of twisted yarns
№ Indicators number Type of twisting machines
K-83 PK-100 VTS-08 K-83 VTS-08 K-83 PK-100
1 Linear density, tex 41.2 41.5 41.2 60.3 60.2 52.7 50.4
2 Structure of the thread 20 x 2 20 x 2 20 x 2 20 x 3 20 x 3 25 x 2 25 x 2
3 Breaking force, cN 571 552 550 782 820 664 521
4 Relative breaking load, cN/tex 13.8 13.2 12.36 11.29 13.62 12.2 10.2
5 The coefficient of variation of the relative breaking load, CV % 4.86 9.27 4.75 4.65 4.65 18.3 13.2
6 Elongation, % 5.8 6.65 4.88 5.9 4.33 8.6 7.6
7 Number of Twists, Tw/m 550 568 550 423 450 584 575
8 The twist coefficient, at 38.4 44.1 34.7 39 34.8 42.4 45.1
The rule structure twisted yarns of different structures are general and specific characters. To ensure that these similarities have to apply different design maj or working bodies. If you zoom in private and to establish working bodies can bring them closer to the "universality", so on the same machine (device) increases production range of yarn.
In the experiments, we were also examined technological capabilities and product lines twisting machines: K-83, PK-100-M4 and VTS-08. From Table 2 can be seen that the same number of torsion and including adding yarn elaborated on the machine K-83 on many physical and mechanical properties superior to other machines. However, due to the low productivity of these machines currently in production they are not used. Spinning and twisting machine such as PC-100 is intended to provide only a twisted yarn in two additions.
The modern development of engineering and technology is characterized by the sharp complexity of the problems solved in the manufacture of products, high requirements for reliability, deadlines
a)
creation and introduction into service, the desire to reduce the cost of product development while meeting the set conditions.
Through the application of double-twist spindles (Two for one) increases the efficiency of torsion process. Product twisted yarn speed is 1200 m/min.
At the exhibitions ITMA presented can frame-twisting machines of the world manufacturers of this type of equipment: ICBT-Verdol (France), Murata (Japan), Saurer Alma (Germany), Savio (Italy) and Volkmann (Germany).
Currently, the textile enterprises are mainly twisted yarn produced on Two-For-One-Twister machines «Volkmann» company VTS, model TDS company «Savio» machines and double torsion brand DX 321D firm «DONG XING» (China).
Further experimental work continued on the machine Two-For-One-Twister VTS-08 ofthe company «Volkmann». The training and production laboratory of the department "Technology of silk and spinning» (TITLI), yarns 20 tex 2, 3, 6 and 9 additions to the doubling machine "FADIS" (Italy).
b)
Fig. 1. General view of the new torsion device yarn (a) and the hollow spindle head, a cross-section (b)
Fig. 2. Laboratory stand new By machine VTS-08 experimental twists 20 x 2 and 20 x 3 developed with different types of torsion 450, 550, 650, 750 and 850 tw/meter twisted 20 x 6 and 20 x 9 thread with the number of torsion 164, 200, 250, 300 and 350 tw/meter [3; 4]. The physical and mechanical properties of twisted yarns, technical and technological, as well as the assortment opportunities VTS Two-For-One-Twister machine. Studies have shown that in spite of high performance cars double torsion, there is a lack ofrestriction produced assortiments [3].
In order to increase the range of textile materials and the requirements for the twisted yarn, the authors developed a new device that allows you to develop a twisted yarn on the spindle [5]. The new device allows to produce twists in 2-32 additions with cabled way.
The principle of operation of the device (Fig. 1) is that doubling the yarn with one reeling spools 2 rotating, impaled on the hollow spindle 3, forming a cylinder 4 is supplied to the nozzle, in the upper part of the inserted spindle. The nozzle 5 consists of a sleeve with an eccentric bore 6 which is inserted into the cavity of the ball 7, which is in spring-loaded nest yarn output tube 8, through which the
thread mixing equipment
retention combining yarn occurs. Yarn Twisting occurs at the site of the ball clip-exhaust steam 9, during the rotation of the spindle with the impaled on his head. Coming out of the tube 8, yarn twisting received arrives at the outlet pair 9 and is wound onto a cylindrical spool 10.
Obtained state grant on the theme "Creating a multi-structural twisted yarn technology" on the basis of conducted research. As a result of this work the authors have developed a new laboratory bench torsion device yarn, which will develop a multi-structured spun yarn (Fig. 2).
In order to optimize technological and kinematic indicators, carried out theoretical research of a new machine produces multi-structural twisted yarn using a mathematical program — MA-PLE-9.5 [6; 7; 8; 9].
On the basis of the research conclusion, the new equipment allows the production of twisted yarn of the new structure, to increase the range of twisted products meet the requirements to the twisted yarn.
References:
1. Koritskiy K. I. Fundamentals of yarn properties. - Gizlegprom, 1963.
2. Pavlov Yu. V. and others. Torsionally-thread production. - M.: Light industry and consumer services, 1986.
3. Parpiev X., Erkinov Z., Ataxanov A., Sodiqov R. Usage of two twisting machines in manufacture of twisted thread//The problems of Textile. - 2012. - № 3.
4. Erkinov Z., Parpiev X., Melibayev U. Azizov I. Torsion device yarn. Patent Uzbekistan. FAP 00565/Bulletin of the inventions.
5. Parpiev X., Erkinov Z. Improvement of production technology of a multi-plied yarns. "Young scientists develop textile and light industry" Poisk-2011. - Ivanovo, 2011.
6. Sodikov R., Parpiev X., Azizov I., Erkinov Z. Forming characters of twisted fiber throudh method of double twisting//The problems of Textile. - 2008. - № 3.
7. Erkinov Z. and others. Theoretical research of technological and kinematic parameters of the new device for the twists. "Modern high technologies and advanced materials tekstinoy and light industry" Progress-2013. - Ivanovo, 2013.
Formation mechanisms of fluorine-containing wear inhibitors of metal-polymer systems
8. Erkinov Z., Mardanov B., Parpiev X., Abdullayev A. Determination of the equilibrium position of the ball inside the axially symmetric rotating vessel//Scientific and technical journal FerPI. - 2014. - № 4.
9. Erkinov Z., Jumaniyazov K. Status and development of the production of twisted yarn in the textile industry of Uzbekistan//Mod-ern instrumented systems, information technology and innovation. Collection of Scientific Papers XII - International scientific and technical conference. - Kursk, 2015.
Yuldasheva Gulnora Buranovna, Tashkent automobile and road construction institute, Assistant
E-mail: jamshid002@mail.ru
Riskulov Alimjon Axmadjanovich, Tashkent automobile and road construction institute, Professor, Doctor of Engineering E-mail: olimjonr2008@mail.ru
Avliyokulov Jamshed Sadullayevich, Tashkent automobile and road construction institute, Assistant
E-mail: jamshid002@mail.ru
Abdurazakov Abduaziz Abdujabarovich, Tashkent automobile and road construction institute, senior scientific employee E-mail: jamshid002@mail.ru.
Formation mechanisms of fluorine-containing wear inhibitors of metal-polymer systems
Abstract: In this paper the formation mechanisms of separation layers formed by wear products of metal-polymer tribologi-cal systems components are given. It is shown that these formation mechanisms determine work and kinetics of separation layers frictional interaction. Using the barrier model was justified the formation of "charge mosaic" on counter-surface of tribological system. This mosaic leads to the formation of local transfer areas followed by their transforming into a stable separation layer that defines mechanisms of friction and wear.
Keywords: friction surface, tribosystem, barrier model, energy state, charge mosaic.
Introduction
According of low wear tribological system concept created by [1; 2], leading role belongs to wear inhibitors — components introduced into the tribologicalsystem from outside or formed as a result of tribochemical reactions promoted a suppression of adverseconversion cyclewhich intensifies processes ofwear. In any kinds of contact interaction in different composition and a designtribological systems are formed layers that act as anti-wear component.One of the most important taskof tribological engi-neeringis support ofsuch layers formation conditions with parameters necessary and sufficient for the stable maintenance of friction unit duringspecified life. The solution of this problem is based on system analysis of features of the tribochemical transformations of the tribologicalsystemcomponents in certain operating conditions, detection of prevalent contact reactions cycles determined-wear and selection of effective methods of control them viacon-structive, technological, material science solutions [1-6].
The choice of a particular type of wear inhibitor determined the compatibility of friction pair components [1], therefore the most optimal servicing modeof the friction pair [7], involves analysis ofvarious types of operating conditionsrealization for specifiedser-vicingmodes [1-10].
In this regard, the investigation of influence of the tribological system components energy state on the mechanism and kinetics of the formation of separation layers in the area of bearing and shaft frictional contact has a significant scientific and practical interest.
The structure and stability of these separation layers define parameters of tribological characteristics of friction pair.
Results and discussion
It is known that frictional interaction of metal-polymer tribological system components — shaft and bearing — is accompanied by wear particles transfer phenomena and formation of the separation layer whose composition and structure depend on using materials and operating conditions of the friction unit. Using the directional control of physical and chemical processes in the contact area, it is possible to create conditions for the prevailing formation of products that will reduce friction and increase wear resistance of the friction unit, or in other words, will perform function of the component reduced the wear rate — wear inhibitor [1].
The thin films of fluorine-containing components of different molecular weight, structure and production technique are rated among the effective wear inhibitors of«metal-metal» and «metal-polymer» systems. It has been found that irrespective of structure and mass, films of fluorine-containing oligomers coated from solutions [8], formed from the active gas phase [9], rotaprint thin films from products of thermogas dynamic synthesis (TGD-synthesis) ofpolytetrafluoroeth-ylene [10], transfer thin films of the wear products of polytetrafluo-roethylene and composites are effectively reduce wear of tribological systems operated without external supply of lubricant or lubricated by oils and plastic compositions based on oil and synthetic products.
In spite of this type of wear inhibitors formation technologies differences, probably, there are general prerequisites for the
