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13Кардиология и ангиология, сердечно-сосудистая хирургия
THE IMPORTANCE OF RISK FACTORS IN THE FORMATION OF CONGENITAL HEART DEFECTS IN NEWBORN CHILDREN
Achilova D.A.
Tashkent pediatric medical institute, Tashkent, Uzbekistan Scientific director: Puiatova S.S. (PhD.)
Background. Congenital heart defects in the structure of neonatal morbidity and mortality occupy one of the important places and do not tend to decrease. In this regard, further identification of risk factors in the development of CHD is of great scientific and practical importance.
The purpose of the study. To identify the most significant risk factors in newborn children with CHD.
Materials and methods. The research was conducted on the basis of the Republican Perinatal Center. In the course of our work, we examined 45 newborn children. The studied newborns were divided into 2 groups. 30 newborn children with CHD were assigned to the 1st group, 15 healthy newborns were included in the 2nd group.
Results. Children of the 1st group were born with a gestational age of 27-41 weeks, children of the 2nd group - with a gestational age of 37-42 weeks. We have studied in detail the obstetric and gynecological anamnesis of the mothers of the examined children, as well as the chronic somatic and infectious-inflammatory diseases present in the mothers. In group 1, anemia accounted for the largest part among maternal diseases - 46.7 %. When studying the age of mothers, it was found that 40 % of women were at risk. Women under the age of 20 made up 20 % and those over the age of 30 made up 20 %. The number of spontaneous miscarriages in the anamnesis of mothers was 26.7 %, CHF infections - 26.7 %, premature and urgent childbirth - 10 %, related marriage - 10 %, stillbirths - 6.7 %, the presence of CHD in mothers was in 6.7 % of cases. In group 1, 56.6 % of women who gave birth to children with CHD during pregnancy had ARVI. Among chronic diseases, 6.7 % of women had chronic pyelonephritis, 3.3 % - chronic cholecystitis, 3.3 % - endocrine diseases. In the 2nd group, the largest part were women aged 20-30 years -73.3 %, less than 20 years of age - 20 %, more than 30 years of age - 6.7 %. Spontaneous miscarriages occurred in 13.3 %, chronic pyelonephritis and stillbirths in 6.7 %. In this group, 13.3 % of women had ARVI during pregnancy.
Conclusions. Thus, our studies show that among the priority risk factors, along with an unfavorable obstetric history and chronic diseases, infections were essential in the formation of CHD in children, which prevailed 4.2 times compared with children without CHD.
