26Innovative Technologies in Teaching Foreign Languages and Learner Assessment in Online Education Chirchik State Pedagogical Institute of Tashkent region
SECTION 2. ACHIEVEMENTS AND CHALLENGES OF ONLINE LEARNING
IN FOREIGN LANGUAGE TEACHING
THE IMPORTANCE OF DISTANCE LEARNING IN THE 21st CENTURY
Gulnaz Ospanaliyevna Imanali
Postgraduate student in specialty 7M01703 - Foreign Language: two foreign languages South Kazakhstan State Pedagogical University, Shymkent, Kazakhstan
gimanali@inbox.ru
Ainur Nazimbekovna Zhorabekova
Associate Professor, PhD South Kazakhstan State Pedagogical University, Shymkent, Kazakhstan
zhorabekova.ainur@okmpu.kz
ABSTRACT
The article is devoted to the characteristics of distance education as its modern and most popular type. The aim of this study is to determine in details the types, the significance, advantages and disadvantages of distance learning. Distance education of a modern level is a challenge for both organizers, teachers and students, who must demonstrate a high level of composure and organization in order to achieve success in online courses and obtain the required certificates.
Keywords: Distance learning, synchronous distance learning, asynchronous distance learning, hybrid distance learning, e-learning, advantages and disadvantages of distance learning.
INTRODUCTION
The importance of Distance Learning can be clearly seen in the State of the Nation Address of our President Kassym-Jomart Tokayev on September 1,2021 which says: "In connection with the coronavirus pandemic, the vast majority of schoolchildren and students in the world have switched to distance learning. This entails a completely different style and content of work" [1]. Moreover, the idea of distance education, which previously used mail, radio and television, could not fail to capture the benefits of online communication, and today online education has become a leading trend in the
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Innovative Technologies in Teaching Foreign Languages and Learner Assessment in Online Education Chirchik State Pedagogical Institute of Tashkent region
development of pedagogical technologies, which starts increasing students' desire to learn something new day by day.
MAIN PART
What is distance learning? Nowadays, there are many definitions of this term. However, in this article the definition that seems to us most fully reflects the essence of this form of education is given.
Distance learning is a form of education in which the teacher and students are physically separated in time and / or space, and mediated by the use of information technologies used to overcome the mentioned distance while maintaining the quality indicators of education [2].
Undoubtedly, when it comes to a such global topic like online learning or importance of it, here always might be comparisons. In this situation it is a traditional learning, which can be a rival to distance learning.
In the comparative study, Dabbagh and Nanna [3] Ritland described the traditional learning environment as a) teacher and student location and participation, (b) real-time presentation, (c) instructor-led, and (d) linear learning methods. But, as we all know, current Generation Z do not perceive any novel information without technologies which is not normal phenomena in traditional education. Meanwhile, the main benefit of Distance Learning that it is limitless and dynamic. The online learning environment covers a wide range of learning and is often characterized by active learning using student-centered pedagogical methods.
After identifying the crucial points of distance learning, the types of distance learning, such as synchronous, asynchronous, hybrid learning and distance learning are presented [4].
So how we can differentiate them? As we are aware, "synchronous" means "simultaneous". In this sense, reading involves direct communication through online chat, classroom sitting, or even teleconference. It considered as of the most well-known forms of distance learning and is most suitable for continuing education programs.
Meanwhile, asynchronous distance education "provide for multi-modal, Web-based delivery of instruction that can be reviewed by the student at any time" [5]. Programs and courses with a large number of projects and tasks are very suitable for this format, as it gives students enough time to focus on the work assigned to them.
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Innovative Technologies in Teaching Foreign Languages and Learner Assessment in Online Education Chirchik State Pedagogical Institute of Tashkent region
And hybrid learning refers to the blending and mixing of the learning environments: face-to-face classroom instruction and online environment [6], which is basically the combination of two previous types. Most of the cases, these courses are offered when educational institutions do not have enough space to host all of the software courses they download.
E-learning demonstrates the last classification of this education as well as in some definitions it encompasses more than just the offering of wholly on-line courses. For instance, Oblinger and Hawkins noted that e-Learning has transformed from a fully-online course to using technology to deliver part or all of a course independent of permanent time and place [7]. E-learning refers to the use of information and communication technologies to enable the access to online learning/teaching resources.
In the process of investigating and analyzing this topic, advantages and disadvantages of distance learning were revealed. The list of advantages is presented below:
- Users of distance learning, have the opportunity to receive education at a convenient time and pace, anywhere in the world;
- After registration, students are able to access all the necessary literature or receive study materials by mail and consult with the teacher via telecommunications (e-mail, feedback system, social networks), which is more efficient and faster than individual meetings;
- Distance learning is cheaper than full-time and part-time forms of education;
- Distance learning allows students to study without interruption: this type of knowledge does not interrupt work experience, and the material received by the student can be immediately applied to work;
- Remote technologies are suitable for an individual organization;
- The possibility of subjective assessment of knowledge is excluded, certification takes place in the form of online testing.
But during the research we have explored much less disadvantages, such as:
- Narrowing the potential audience, not everyone who wants to learn has the opportunity to connect to the educational process (computer, Internet);
- Lack of computer training and / or lack of practical knowledge among many potential participants in the process;
- Lack of a platform for discussion and personal communication;
- Listener motivation is required [8].
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Innovative Technologies in Teaching Foreign Languages and Learner Assessment in Online Education
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CONCLUSION
Thus, in conclusion, we have identified that distance learning is the most important direction in the development of pedagogy, as it meets the needs of the information society, a "global village" formed by Internet users in the process of globalization. In addition to the requirements of educational organizations and students for technological and material support, online technologies set new requirements for student motivation and self-regulation.
REFERENCES
1. Tokayev, K. The address of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Kassym-Jomart Tokayev to the people of Kazakhstan "Kazakhstan in a new reality: time for action". - Astana, 2020.
2. UNESCO Policy Report. Distance Education for the Information Society: Policies, Pedagogy and Professional Development. - 2000.
3. Dabbagh, N.,Ritland, N. Online learning: Concepts, strategies and application. -New Jersey, NJ: Upper Saddle River, 2005.
4. https://eztalks.com/elearning/different-types-of-distance-learning.html
5. Birnbaum, B.W. Foundations and practices in the use of distance education // Mellen Studies in Education. - Lewiston: The Edwin Mellen Press, 2001. — pp. 1-174.
6. Doering, A.Adventure learning: transformative hybrid online education // Distance Education. - 27(2), 2006. — pp.197-215.
7. Hawkins, B.L., Rudy, J. A. Educause core data service: Fiscal year 2007 summary report. - 2008.
8. Keengwe, J., Kidd, T. Towards Best Practices in Online Learning and Teaching in Higher Education // MERLOT Journal of Online Learning and Teaching. - Vol. 6 (2). -2010.
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