CC BY
1
Тихомиров И.В. студент, 4 курс факультет гостинично-ресторанной, туристической и спортивной индустрии Российский Экономический Университет им. Плеханова
Россия, г. Москва
THE IMPACT OF MODERN ECONOMY OF RUSSIA ON THE HOTEL
BUSINESS
В статье рассмотрены особенности влияния современной экономической политики России по отношению к гостиничному бизнесу . В статье приведены примеры развития предпринимательства в сфере туризма и гостеприимства . Также предложены рекомендации по адаптации сектора гостеприимства в связи с экономическим кризисом .
Ключевые слова: экономика, предпринимательство предприятие ,отель , кризис , капитал, налог, клиенты, малый бизнес, финансы, деньги .
The influence of modern economic policy of Russia in relation to the hotel business is described in the article. The article provides examples of entrepreneurship in tourism and hospitality sphere . Also the recommendations for the adaptation of hospitality sector due to the economic crisis are mentioned.
Key words: Economics, entrepreneurship enterprise ,hotel, crisis , capital, tax, clients, small business, Finance, money .
THE IMPACT OF MODERN ECONOMY OF RUSSIA ON THE
HOTEL BUSINESS
The main feature of the hotel business is that the growth of it does not stop even during the global economic crisis. No matter how things in the economy are and the middle class all over the world does not stop traveling during the summer and Christmas holidays. In addition to this , due to the globalization of the economy economic relationships develop and strengthen between the countries, industries and companies.[7]
Russia - is a country where the hotel business began to develop many centuries ago. If hoteliers around the world have been benefited from tourists for many years , in Russia people learned to do this relatively recently. Today, this area is actively developing in many regions, and in accordance with this situation there are more hotels in the country that are willing to accept not only traveling officials and business executives, but also guests who came to do the sightseeing.[3,6]. And that is why in the regions of the Russian Federation the following services are available :
• small hotels
• pensions for family holidays
• motels
• hostels
In big cities in contrast to mini-hotels , the construction of large hotel complexes offering entertainment services are preferable. This is especially true for
Moscow and St. Petersburg, and there the investors prefer to build 4-5 star Hotels, even despite the fact that they require very large investments. Such investors of hospitality sector of small hotels seems to be unattractive to themselves and they prefer the construction of large hotel complexes, buying a franchise of the world famous network hotel giants like Marriott, Hyatt, Hilton, etc.[8]
This is justified because even if the businessman initially work at a loss, the costs will pay off in the future because the wealthy guests visiting these cities, are chasing comfort and they are willing to pay for it. And the prospects of development of hotel business in this segment is quite extensive - until the competition remains at the average level, potential visitors will continue to choose expensive and prestigious hotels.
Another important feature of the hotels in Russia -is the restoration or renovation of the hotels, which worked in Soviet Union. [1,3,10] .We are talking about their purchase in a private property ,and after that the hotel:
• undergoes a complete reconstruction and radical change of design
• establishes new international contacts
• starts to work in accordance with any standards.
Very often such hotels are bought in private property by the major hotel chains - taking into account that the hotels of Soviet Union have a large number of rooms and large area for their base, investors can create 4-5 star complexes, which not only give an overnight to ordinary guests, but also become centers for conducting various events. In such hotels members of political parties , sporting events and festivals spend often several days. In some cases, the events (e.g., summits, conferences) can be carried out without leaving the hotel.
Along with this trend there is another one - the hotels that are designed for economy accommodation are appeared in Russia. It is also a reconstructed building, however, the base for the future hotel is not an old one but the old dormitory, apartment building or institution building, etc. Such building are repaired and reworked in hostels, motels or just available for clients mini-hotels.
Traditionally, the tourism sector caters two groups of travelers:
• middle-class travelers , that decided during the holidays to relax, have fun and do the sightseeing of the country or the city;
• businessmen or businesswomen that visit the country or city due to some business goals.
Depending on the origin of tourists of a particular group, differ their requirements for hotels .[2] Classic tourists most of their time devote to leisure or sightseeing and entertainment, spending minimum time at the hotel. They are not interested in the trappings of luxury, they are quite satisfied with the clean and cosy hostel with minimum comfort, but also at a low price. Business travelers prefer hotels of business category and their requirements for comfort in this case is much higher. A hotel for business tourists serves as a place for business meetings and conferences, and as a temporary home where he or she can comfortably relax after work, business dinners or excursions. The price for him or her does not play any
role. Both groups of travelers while choosing a hotel prefer a convenient location, convenient transport hubs, historic and architectural attractions, the resort facilities and beaches.[4,9] The second important factor in choosing of a hotel is its decent look and a standard set of modern facilities. Finally, the friendly staff, level of service, availability or location of a restaurant or bar, as well as the presence of wireless Internet will decide whether the guest will stay at this hotel or choose another one. Competition in the hospitality sector is very high, customers demands are growing also, so the only way to success and feature of development of hotel business is improvement of the quality of service and flexibility of the meeting rapidly changing demands of guests.[5]
Not only tourism but also business message is developed nowadays in Russia. Guests from other countries visit Russia , and the Russians themselves actively operate in the regions. There are also some other factors of development:
• the Russians tend to travel more, not only outside the country but also within its borders
• international events are often hold in Russia attracting a large number of foreign guests
In these circumstances, entrepreneurs should properly choose the direction of the business, its target audience and pricing policy.
Использованные источники:
1.Голуб Л.А. Социально-экономическая статистика: Учеб. пособие. М., 2001.-с.78-79.
2. Бакальская Е. В.Товарное и сервисное управление торговыми предприятиями// Менеджмент в России и за рубежом.— 2006 .— N 1. - С. 5357.
3. Полякова А.А. , Построение экономико-математической модели и прогноза внешней миграции в РФ, Высшая школа. 2016. № 8. С. 19-23.
4.. Денисенко А.В. К вопросу о роли туризма в социально - экономической жизни страны // Труд и социальные отношения . - 2009. - No5. - 145-150.
5. Ефремова М. Экономика туризма и оценка ее динамики // Экономист. -2004. - No12. - с. 72-76.
6. Полякова А.А. , Кредитный лизинг: зарубежный опыт новых направлений
лизинга. В сборнике: Актуальные_проблемы_финансового
менеджмента Материалы Международной научно-практической
конференции. Институт гуманитарных наук, экономики и информационных технологий; Главный редактор К.В. Ордов; ответственный за выпуск С.В. Шайтура. 2016. С. 255-264.
7. Рогачев А. Ф. Повышение конкурентоспособности гостиничного бизнеса в рыночных условиях // Маркетинг в России и за рубежом . 2004 .—N 5. - С. 3745.
8. Степанова Д.И., Николаева Т.Е., Иволгина Н.В. , Особенности организации и направления развития криптовалютных платежных систем, Финансы и кредит. 2016. № 10 (682). С. 33-45.
9. Туватова В.Е. Особенности организации и функционирования службы
маркетинга на предприятиях гостиничной индустрии // Маркетинг в России и за рубежом .— 2006 .— N 1. - С. 89-96.
10. Николаева Т.Е., Степанова Д.И. , Проблемы регулирования экономики на
примере_ценообразования,Экономика_и_предпринимательство.
2016. № 9 (74). С. 893-904.
Уланова К.М. студент магистратуры 2 курса факультет «Государственного и муниципального управления»
Волгоградский филиал Российская академия народного хозяйства и государственной
службы при Президенте РФ Шиндряева И.В. научный руководитель Россия, г. Волгоград УПРАВЛЕНИЕ ТРУДОВОЙ АДАПТАЦИЕЙ ПЕРСОНАЛА Аннотация: В данной статье рассматривается понятие «адаптация персонала» с различных точек зрения известных авторов, анализируются вопросы управления персоналом в настоящее время в России. Рассматриваются критерии эффективности программ адаптации и методы диагностики, особенности управления адаптацией персонала, предлагаются рекомендации по ее повышению.
Ключевые слова: адаптация, управление, персонал, социальные учреждения.
Ulanova K.M.
Student
2 course, faculty "State and municipal management" Volgograd branch of Russian presidential Academy of national economy
and state service under the RF President
Russia, Volgograd Scientific adviser: Shindrjaeva I.V. DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR ADAPTA TION OF STAFF Abstract: This article discusses the concept of «adaptation of personnel" from different points of view known authors analyzed human resource management issues in the present time in Russia. The criteria for the effectiveness of adaptation programs and methods of diagnosis, especially management personnel adaptation, offered recommendations for its improvement.
Keywords: adaptation, management, personnel, social institutions.
Адаптация, только что устроившихся сотрудников, является важнейшим элементом в процессе управления персоналом. Недостаточное внимание к вопросам адаптации новых работников может влиять на снижение эффективности кадрового менеджмента по подбору персонала, если новый сотрудник уволится, не освоив новую деятельность или не вписавшись в
