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THE HISTORICAL NECESSITY OF THE ADOPTION OF THE LAW OF THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN ON COMBATING TERRORISM
This article provides information on the historical necessity of the adoption of the Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan on Combating Terrorism, the content, tasks and other functions of the Law, the organization and conduct of the fight against terrorism.
Keywords and phrases: Тerrorism, Terrorist Groups, State Security Service, Justice Movement, Islamic Troops, Turkestan Islamic Movement, Jihadists, Hizb ut Tahrir, Akromians, Nurists, Propagandists, Law.
В данной статье представлена информация об исторической необходимости принятия Закона Республики Узбекистан о борьбе с терроризмом, содержании, задачах и других функциях Закона, организации и ведении борьбы с терроризмом.
Ключевые слова и фразы: Терроризм, Террористические группы, Служба государственной безопасности, Движение за справедливость, Исламские войска, Исламское движение Туркестана, Джихадисты, Хизб ут-Тахрир, Акромяне, Нуристы, Пропагандисты, Право.
INTRODUCTION
Terrorism is one of the greatest threats to human development today, and it can lead to catastrophes in the future if countries that fight terrorism on an international scale do not fight together with their progressive forces. In short, no country, including our dear Uzbekistan, is immune from such a socio-political disaster.
The essence of any terrorist activity is to achieve their selfish goals through domination over others or violence, intimidation, the use of physical force against the existing political-ideological, socio-economic order. That is why terrorism is condemned by the world community and progressive forces. The reason for condemning any form of international terrorism is that absolutely innocent people, especially homeless babies, women, mothers and the elderly, are becoming its victims.
Terrorism, as a political term, refers to individuals and organizations that deem it necessary and permissible to use the various criminal means mentioned to sell arms,
Akhmurodov F.
Kashkadarya Region Department of Internal Affairs.
ABSTRACT
АННОТАЦИЯ
develop the drug business, overthrow constitutional systems, and achieve other vile goals.
Terrorist act - arrest or detention of persons for hostage-taking, assault on the life of a statesman or public figure, representatives of national, ethnic, religious, other groups of the population, foreign states and international organizations, objects of state or public importance, including on the continental shelf invasion, damage, destruction of stationary platforms, threats with explosions, arson, use of explosive devices, radioactive, biological, explosive, chemical, other toxic substances, capture, evasion of land, water and air vehicles, damage, destruction, causing panic and riots in crowded places and during public events, accidents or damage to the life, health, property of individuals or legal entities, man-made disasters, any means of threat and the color of terrorism in the form of methods committing crimes in the field of terrorism, other acts of a terrorist nature, established by the legislation of the Republic of Uzbekistan and generally recognized norms of international law.1
DISCUSSION AND RESULTS
Terrorist and extremist organizations operating in Central Asia and Uzbekistan include Adolat, Islam Lashkarlari, Turkistan Islamic Movement, Jihadists, Hizb ut-Tahrir, Akromiylar, Nurchilar, Tabligchilar and others. These organizations have committed many criminal acts and atrocities in our country. Their activities have led to bloody clashes, the death of our innocent citizens. As an example, the subversive actions of the Akromiylar movement in Andijan on May 12, 2005 shook the whole republic and the world. The main goal of these organizations is to destroy the existing constitutional democratic system in our country, to seize power and build an Islamic state, and to govern the state in accordance with Sharia law.
Hizb ut-Tahrir is a Sunni religious and political organization founded by Taqiyuddin Nabahani, a Palestinian born in 1953 in Jerusalem. Under Nabahoni's leadership, the party's programs and charters were developed. According to them, the tasks were divided among the members of the party and he put forward the idea that the caliphate state should be headed by Amir Azam or the Great Amir. The main goal of the organization was to promote the ideas of the Khilafah state among the Muslim states and to create a single Islamic state on earth in the future. In our country, a number of illegal activities of members of this organization have been identified and eliminated by relevant organizations and agencies.2
1 Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan "On Combating Terrorism", adopted on December 15, 2000.
2 Matlyubov B.A. Terrorizm va ekstremizmga qarshi kurashish: muammo va yechimlar: O'quv qo'llanma. - T.: O'zbekiston Respublikasi IIV Akademiyasi, 2018. - 344 b.
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The Islamic Army and the Adolat movement were formed in 1990-1992 at the Otavalikhan mosque in Namangan region under the leadership of Tohir Yuldashev and consisted of several hundred people. At the time, members of the Adolat movement split into small groups, stopping people outside their neighborhoods at night, tying innocent citizens to mosque poles, torturing them in basements, and injuring them under the pretext of fighting alcoholism.
The Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan was formed in 1996 and consisted mainly of members of religious extremist groups whose activities were banned in 1992-1993. This terrorist group intended to establish a "Great Islamic Caliphate" in Central Asia by force of arms. In order to destabilize the domestic political situation in Uzbekistan, he has been using subversive, terrorist acts and various propaganda methods. The organization was headed by Tohir Yuldashev and is currently headed by his son-in-law Usmon Odil. The group's militants carried out terrorist attacks in Tashkent and Tashkent in 1999, in Tashkent and Surkhandarya in 2000, in Tashkent and Bukhara in 2004, in Andijan in 2005, as well as in neighboring Kyrgyzstan in 1999, 2000 and 2006, and in Tajikistan in 20063.
The founder of Akromiylar, Akrom Yuldashev (born in 1963 in Andijan), was a student of Abduvali Mirzaev, the ideological leader of the jihadists, and in the 1990s he took lessons from local leaders of Hizb ut-Tahrir. The original idea of the Akromians was to establish a state in the form of an Islamic government, with the aim of gradually establishing a caliphate in the Fergana Valley and then spreading it to other parts of the region. The "Akromians" formed a fund ("boitulmol") at the expense of "means" (enterprise, shop, etc.) and members of the organization at a cost equal to 20% of their monthly income. The main part of the fund was spent on expanding the ranks of the "brothers". The terrorist nature of this organization was fully exposed in the events of May 2005 in Andijan.
In addition, there have been cases of members of the extremist movement "Nurchilar" formed in Turkey and "Tabligchilar" formed in India propagating extremist ideas in our country.
As a result of bloodshed and terrorist acts committed by a number of terrorist organizations in our country, there is a need to develop and adopt a law regulating the fight against various forms of terrorism.
3 Turayev B. Diniy ekstremizm va terrorizm maqola. 2014 y 9 fevral.
http://old.bukhari.uz/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=71:dinit-ekstremizm-va- terrorizm&catid= 31 :maqolalar&Itemid=459&lang=ru
On December 15, 2000, the Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan No. 167 "On Combating Terrorism" was adopted and entered into force on January 20, 2001. This law consists of 6 sections and 31 articles.
According to the law, the State Security Service is responsible for coordinating and coordinating the fight against terrorism. oversees the transfer, provides interoperability, and performs other similar functions.
CONCLUSION
Today, as a result of our observation of the media and other sources, as a result of the work carried out by the relevant government agencies and organizations, we are witnessing a number of criminal and other terrorist offenses, and those who committed these offenses are being prosecuted.
From this we can conclude that the adoption of the Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan on Combating Terrorism and Extremism is of historical significance and serves to regulate social relations in the fight against terrorism and extremism, ensure the security of our state and protect the constitutional order.
REFERENCES
1. The Constitution of the Republic of Uzbekistan.
2. Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan "On Combating Terrorism", adopted on December 15, 2000.
3. Mirziyoyev Sh.M. O'zbekiston Respublikasi Qurolli Kuchlari tashkil etilganining 26 yilligi va Vatan himoyachilari kuni munosabati bilan bayram tabrigi // Xalq so'zi.
- 2018. - 13 yanvar.
4. Matlyubov B.A. Terrorizm va ekstremizmga qarshi kurashish: muammo va yechimlar: O'quv qo'llanma. - T.: O'zbekiston Respublikasi IIV Akademiyasi, 2018.
- 344 b.
5. Turayev B. Diniy ekstremizm va terrorizm maqola. 2014 y 9 fevral.
