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U krainian Journal of Ecology
Ukrainian Journal ofEcology, 2022, 12(1), 51-53, doi: 10.15421/2022_334
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
The evaluation of the collection samples of the eggplant according to some physiological indicators
A.G. Eyvazov
Scientific Research Institute of Vegetable Growing, Public Legal Entity, AZ-1098, Baku City, Pirshaghi
Settlement, State Farm No. 2, The Azerbaijan Republic Corresponding author E-mail: eyvazov.aladdin@mail.ru Received: 08-Jan-2022, Manuscript No. UJE-22-51483; Accepted: 29-Jan-2022, Pre QC No. P-51483; Editor assigned: 10-Jan-2022, Pre QC No. P-51483; Reviewed: 17-Jan-2022, QC No. Q-51483; Revised: 22-Jan-2022, Manuscript No. R-51483; Published: 08-Feb-2022.
The article is devoted to the evaluation according to the physiological indicators-total wet and dry biomasses, photosynthetic potential (PP), the absolute surface density of the leaves (ASDL) and productivity of 25 collection samples of the eggplant plant, and the selection of the initial material for future selection based on these indicators. It was determined that the total wet content varies between 80.4-212.6 s/ha, dry biomass 17.4-33.7 s/ha, PP 808.3-2511.3 thousand m2 day/ha, ASDL 4.67-15.88 mg/cm2, and productivity 280-600 s/ha in the eggplant collection samples. Such a wide change interval was allowed to select samples differed with the separate physiological indicators and recommend them for different directions selection carried out in the future. Keywords: Eggplant, Collection samples, Physiological indicators, Photosynthetic potential, The absolute surface density of the leaves, Total biomass.
Introduction
The eggplant (Solanum spp.) belonging to the family Nightshades (Soianaceae pers.) occupies an important place among the vegetable plants. In the small farmer farms and backyard areas the increasing of the areas of the eggplant plant every year is explained with its high nutritional value, dietary and taste qualities, as well as the multi-purpose use of its fruits (Allahverdiyev, Aghayev, 2020; Pivovarova, 2015).
There are 7.1-11.0% dry substance, 2.5-4% sugar, 4.0-5.5% extractive substances, 0.6-1.4% protein, 0.1-0.4% oil, calcium, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium and iron salts in the eggplant fruits (Allahverdiyev, Aghayev, 2020; Meshkov et al., 2017; Pivovarova, 2015; Bunin et al., 2013). It is known that the potassium macronutrient normalizes the activity of the heart, water-salt metabolism of the organism, helps the creating the alkaline balance in the organism (Allahverdiyev, Aghayev, 2020; Pivovarova, 2015).
The eggplant is used widely in the kitchens of all the world countries (including India, China, Italy, Russia, Georgia, Central Asia countries, Turkey and others). The various Azerbaijani dishes is prepared from the eggplant fruits: the frying, stewed eggplant in water, sirdag, puree, chop, eggplant caviar, eggplant dolma, etc. The eggplant is pickled, dried and used in the canning industry (Allahverdiyev, Aghayev, 2020; Pivovarova, 2015; Bunin et al., 2013).
Taking into account the valuable characteristics of the eggplant fruits, the increasion of its sort ranges, the creation of the new quality sort and hybrids is one of the actual problems in vegetable-growing today. Taking into account the above-mentioned, the purpose of the current research was to evaluate the collection samples according to the various physiological indicators, to select the initial materials for selection according to sustainability to the productivity, quality and abiotic factors.
Materials and Methods
In 2016-2017, the studying of the collection samples was carried out in the competitive test nursery in the sections with an area of 3.2 m2 (4 x 0.8 m) in three repetitions.
In the experimentation area the studying of the collection samples was carried out in the same agrophone. The manure (at the rate of 20 t/ha) was used as organic fertilizer, and NPK (16:16:16) as mineral fertilizer. The manure is given under the plough carried out in autumn, and NPK in the form of additional feeding in 5-6 leaves phase and budding-flowering period. The placement of the nurseries, phenological observations and morphological reports there, harvesting, the report of the product were carried out in accordance with the methodical instructions (Litvinov, 2011).
The total wet biomass was determined by the weight method, the total dry biomass with the drying in a thermostat at 105°C measuring the mass, the photosynthetic potential by measuring the leaf surface area during the vegetation and multiplying it to the number of the vegetation days (PP=Lor x Tv), the absolute surface density of the leaves with the amount of the dry substance per unit leaf surface area (Eyvazov et al., 2018).
In the collection nursery, the regionalized as a standard Ganja and Zahra sorts were used and 25 sort samples were tested in the nursery._
Ukrainian Journal of Ecology, 12(1), 2022
Results and Discussion
In the Table 1, the evaluation indicators of the collection samples are shown according to the physiological indicators-total wet biomass, total dry biomass, photosynthetic potential (PP), absolute surface density of the leaves (ASDL) and productivity. It can be seen from the data in the Table 1 that the studying physiological indicators are a wide change interval on the collection samples. So the change interval of the wet mass was 80.4-212.6 s/ha, dry biomass-17.4-33.7 s/ha, PP-808.3-2511.3 thousand m2 day/ha, ASDL-4.67-15.88 and the change interval of the productivity-280-600 s/ha. Just so the wide change interval was allowed to select the best initial materials on the separate indicators, as well as the samples differed with the wide spectrum physiological indicators. The samples which differed with the high values of the total wet and dry biomasses compared on both standards were 160 (200 and 26.9 s/ha, respectively), 170 (202.0 and 29.3), 167 (212.6 and 30.1), 207 (204.8 and 33.7 s/ha). 144 (1383.5), 167 (1649.3), 160 (1615.8), 170 (1900.6), 180 (1428.9), 181 (1344.0), 213 (1787.5), 215 (1544.4), 222 (25143), 223 (1700.4) and 226 (1832.8 thousand m2 day/ha) samples were differed according to the value of the PP expressed the productivity potency of the plant, allowed to create an idea of the plant growing in the area that they could be used as valuable donors in the future selection carried out according to the productivity.
Table 1. The evaluation of the eggplant collection samples according to some physiological indicators (the mass flowering, during the beginning of the fruit formation, for the years 2017-2018).
The catalog The name Total wet Total dry Photosyntheti The absolute Productivity,
number in of the biomass, biomass, c potential, surface density of s/ha
S.No the SRIVG sample s/ha s/ha thousand m2, the leaves,
day/ha mg/sm2
1 40 Ganja, 182.6 26.7 829.4 7.90 340
standard
2 42 Zahra, 131.6 18.3 1146.5 5.83 300
standard
3 69/B The selected 113.7 20.0 921.7 5.83 340
line from
69/A
4 137 Pantera 140.3 21.8 859.8 7.68 380
5 140/A The selected 181.8 31.0 877.3 15.88 560
line from F1
Terong teno
6 141 The selected 133.4 26.0 1154.9 7.88 340
line from F1
Terong Jelita
7 143 Clear list 154.0 19.5 968.7 5.27 300
8 144 Ordubad 161.5 19.6 1383.5 5.59 460
9 150 R-627 SGR- 181.3 23.1 1145.9 5.23 360
584
Olin. Fiolet.-
239
10 154 R-791 SGR- 151.2 25.6 1110.2 6.86 280
791
11 160 R-923 SGR- 200.0 26.9 1615.8 9.02 400
923 local
12 167 R-923 SGR- 212.6 30.1 1649.3 5.99 480
954
Black
beonity
13 170 R-3099 202.0 29.3 1900.6 6.88 460
SGR-3099
F1 Hybrid ng
29
14 180 ASRISSVP- 120,1 22.9 1428.9 5.47 500
13-12 F1
15 181 ASRISSVP- 168.4 23.5 1344.0 5.31 540
13-22 F1
16 206 Solyaris 146.7 18.0 1298.3 5.97 600
17 207 Pekinskiye 204.8 33.7 1260.9 8.07 500
chernie
18 213 Falina F1 167.5 24.3 1787.3 5.28 340
19 214 Solara F1 80.4 24.0 784.2 5.99 320
20 215 Onstruasa 109.7 26.6 1544.4 5.04 340
de NewJC
21 222 V1039539 144.2 27.8 2511.3 5.35 420
22 223 V1042687 164.5 25.7 1700.4 8.23 460
23 225 V1042317 118.7 24.7 1365.9 6.07 500
24 226 V1042481 115.3 29.3 1832.8 4.67 520
25 228 V1047327 90.3 17.4 808.3 7.38 460
Change interval 80.4-212.6 17.4-33.7 808.3-2511.3 4.67-15.88 280-600
140/A (15.88), 160 (9.02), 207 (8.07) and 223 (8.23 mg/cm2) samples were selected in comparison with the standards, according to the ASDL that they can be also recommended for the selection carried out in the direction of the creating the sustainable sorts to the abiotic factors (against the drought, heat, salinity).
According to the results of the research, it is also possible to select the samples differed with the complex of the physiological indicators that they can be recommended for direct regionalization in the country. 160 (the total wet biomass 200.0; total dry biomass 26.9 s/ha; PP-1615.8 thousand m2 day/ha, ASDL-9.02 mg/cm2, productivity 400 s/ha), 167 (212.6; 30.1; 1649.3; 5.99 and 480, respectively), 170 (202.0; 29.3; 1900.6; 6.88; 460), 207 (204.8; 33, 7; 1260.9; 8.07; 500) samples belong to such samples. 140/A (560 s/ha), 180 (500 s/ha), 181 (540 s/ha), 206 (600 s/ha), 207 (500 s/ha), 225 (500 s/ha) and 226 (520 s/ha) were differed especially in comparison with the standards according to the productivity indicators. In such samples, the productivity was 1.47-1.77 times higher than the standard sort Ganja (340 s/ha) and 1.67-2.0 times higher than the sort Zahra (300 s/ha) that it also allows to use them as a valuable donor in the selection which will be carried out in the future according to the productivity.
Conclusion
The results of the research can be summarized as following:
1. 160, 167, 207 samples were selected according to the amount of the total wet and dry biomasses, 144, 160, 167, 170, 180, 181, 213, 215, 222, 223 and 226 samples according to the value of the PP, 140/A, 160, 207 and 223 samples according to the value of the ASDL that they can be used as valuable donors in the different directions selection carried out in the future.
2. 140/A, 180, 181, 206, 207, 225 and 226 sort samples were selected according to the productivity indicator that their productivity is higher 1.47-1.77 times than the regionalized standard sort Ganja and 1.67-2.0 times than the sort Zahra.
3. 160, 167, 170 and 207 samples were differed according to the total wet and dry biomasses, the values of the PP and ASDL of the physiological indicators that they can be recommended for direct regionalization in the country.
References
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Citation:
Eyvazov, A.G. (2022). The evaluation of the collection samples of the eggplant according to some physiological indicators. Ukrainian
Journal of Ecology. 12:51-53.
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