5THE ESSENCE OF SOCIAL ETHICS STANDARDS
Akbar Rustam o'g'li To'raqulov
Denau Institute of Entrepreneurship and Pedagogy akbartoraqulov7@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
This article contains information about the essence of social ethics norms, specific aspects of socialization, socialization processes of students, and moral principles. At the same time, the methods of management of ethical relations, the essence of moral principles, such as solidarity, humanity, and the ultimate goal, are highlighted. Concepts such as the concept of norm, the concept of moral norm and the norms of social ethics are described.
Keywords: morality, social education, social relations, socialization process, norm, moral norms, social moral norm, moral categories, moral principles, ideal morality.
INTRODUCTION
Uzbekistan has entered a new stage of development based on the principle of "From national revival to national rise" [1]. The intensity of the new era is making clear and strict demands on the education system. In this, first of all, development of education and training, establishment of a healthy lifestyle, promotion of science and innovation are the main pillars of our national idea and should serve. To provide quality education to the young generation, to mobilize all the forces and opportunities so that they grow up to be physically and spiritually healthy, patriotic, human beings, to provide students with modern knowledge and based on experiences, national and universal values, raising people who think independently and rationally, possessing noble qualities, was defined as one of the priority tasks.
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Today, it is important to organize social education processes in higher education institutions based on the formation of professional and spiritual qualities and the formation of social moral standards by developing a sense of belonging to social and political situations in students. On the other hand, in the formation of social moral standards of students, it is of particular importance to expand the forms of social manners specific to the requirements of the present time, to educate high moral qualities by establishing social sociability and competence in students. We can
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recognize the negative consequences that arise in the world as a result of the lack of formation of social moral standards in individuals. Today, in order to prevent and eliminate such problems, the formation and development of social moral standards in individuals is of urgent importance.
First of all, we will dwell on the definition of several concepts in order to understand the essence of the norms of social ethics: socialization - any event, person or action acquires a social essence, affects many people, and becomes an embodiment of social relations. a concept that means going. The process of socialization and its specific features are studied by the sciences of philosophy, sociology, social psychology, pedagogy, history and ethnography. Socialization can be interpreted as a process of assimilation of personal culture, in particular, traditions of national culture. As a process of adaptation to the cultural environment, socialization continues throughout a person's life, the process of socialization stops. The process of a person's assimilation of cultural traditions is synchronized with the formation of his individuality [2].
Social education is an important form of education, it is an education that expresses the purposeful spiritual influence on the whole society, people, nation and class. Social education is the process of formation and development of the thinking of the individual, the spiritual and educational world in harmony with the goals and tasks of the society, all the positive influences that encourage people to actively participate in the social, economic and cultural life and set of factors. Social education is a complex spiritual education, which is carried out on the basis of a specific goal of educational influence, which includes family education, neighborhood education, school education, secondary special and higher education education, labor team education, community education. - is an educational process. Increasing the effectiveness of the social education system depends on the organizers and promoters of this process having a clear idea of its goals and objectives, priorities, factors and means, methods, and working on the basis of the requirements of the time.
In the current conditions where the foundations of a new society have been established in our country, the main goal of social education is to mobilize citizens for the work of building a humane democratic society, a legal state, and unite them around a single national idea. Its main task is to form a well-rounded person who is physically strong, spiritually mature, mentally fresh, has the ability to think, work and live independently, who has mastered the achievements of modern science, technology, and advanced professions. Each period has its own methods and means of social education. In ancient times, social education consisted of the acquisition of
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the experiences of the older generation by the younger generation. Social education was carried out mainly during labor activities (such as hunting, cattle-breeding, farming), during various customs and ceremonies. It is mainly focused on physical fitness. Social education is divided into such types as physical education, military education, patriotic education, historical education, spiritual education, and aesthetic education. Physical, military, and patriotic educations have both commonalities and uniqueness, which ensure the socialization of a person. In physical education, a person's body and body are trained, in military education, a person is given military knowledge and skills, in patriotic education, a person's spirit is educated, and the qualities of responsibility for the fate of the Motherland are developed in him. In social education, parental love, love of the Motherland, traditions of mentor-discipleship, national values, as well as neighborhood and community control have a great impact and are of great importance in the development of young people. In developed countries, the practical organization of social education has been raised to the level of a special profession. In the South, the profession of social education is called "Social Work".
"Morality (Arabic plural of behavior; Latin moralis - behavior) is a phenomenon of spiritual life, one of the forms of social consciousness, a concept related to the field of spirituality. A set of stable, specific norms and rules that regulate people's historically formed behavior, behavior, interaction in their social and personal life, as well as their relationship to society. Our ancient ancestors developed a whole set of moral requirements for a perfect person, or, in modern terms, an oriental code of ethics. In the heart of a person there should be an uncompromising rebellion against uncleanness, impurity, and injustice. Only such a person keeps his word, does not betray someone's rights, is loyal, does not hesitate to sacrifice his life for the country and the people. Moral requirements are expressed in the character and activities of people. Moral requirements are reflected in people's character and activities. Ethics as a phenomenon differs from other forms of regulation of social activity by the justification and implementation of its requirements. Moral standards are the same for everyone, but they are manifested in the form of duties and obligations that were not imposed by anyone's orders. Morality is considered one of the forms of social consciousness and is embodied as a sum of behavior and procedures of each person in society and family. So, moral signs are manifested in the attitude towards society, family, work. The directions of human behavior and behavior, the most important signs are embodied and serve as the basis of morality in the activity of a person and his development. Our nation has a rich heritage in moral thinking" [2].
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National University of Uzbekistan Current Issues and Modern Trends of Social and Humanitarian Sciences
Национальный университет Узбекистана Современные тенденции и актуальные вопросы социально-гуманитарных наук
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Enlightenment scientist A. Avloni defined it as follows: "It is a science that calls people to good and prevents them from evil. A book that explains the goodness of good behavior and the badness of bad behavior with evidence and examples is called morality. A person who knows his fault, confesses it and makes an effort to correct it is a true value and a brave person" [A. Avloni, "Turkish Gulistan or Morality" 2019: 3]. According to Farobi, "a person can be an example to everyone with his positive qualities only when he is knowledgeable and has exemplary morals. Moral education is an important social event in the spiritual life of the society, it is a form of inculcating the moral system and moral qualities into the consciousness of each generation based on the requirements of the time, and in the younger generation, which corresponds to the norms of behavior, it is understood as a system of scientific and practical actions aimed at forming human qualities that meet the requirements of the time" [2]. states that it is not measured by his performance, but by his spiritual appearance and moral qualities.
It is impossible to achieve moral perfection, which is a criterion of the mental and physical maturity of a person, without moral standards.
Morality is a mechanism for managing relationships in society by evaluating the activities of individuals or groups. Morality is necessary not only to regulate relationships, but also to harmonize them.
Relationship management is done in two different ways:
1) encourage behavior
2) punishment.
Ethics regulates relations in society and promotes goals that express the needs of social development.
Concepts of morality are general in nature, they cover not individual relationships, but relationships in all spheres. Such concepts are called moral category. From the requirements accepted as a rule in life, people choose an example among people. This is called the moral ideal.
The description of a person that combines such qualities and characteristics as goodness, orderliness, truthfulness, honesty, fairness, hard work, and teamwork are called moral principles.
The main aspects (principles) of ethics are solidarity (subordination of personal interests to sociality as a higher form of commonality) and humanitarianism (treating the individual as a value in itself and the ultimate goal). Good and bad, duty, conscience, honor, and dignity can be cited as specific concepts of moral consciousness. Taking into account the above, it is correct to show the functional
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National University of Uzbekistan Current Issues and Modern Trends of Social and Humanitarian Sciences
Национальный университет Узбекистана Современные тенденции и актуальные вопросы социально-гуманитарных наук
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description of morality, in the sense of its orientation to the activities of the members of the society and its management.
Ethical standards are the result of centuries-old experience of human society, which strives for each person and society to exist in harmony. Humanity has always strived for harmony in the co-existence of people as one of the most important goals. Moral standards have arisen as a result of human efforts to limit good and bad, to determine what is good.
Ethics consists of norms and values. The third element of morality, ideals, can be distinguished in the form of norms and qualities that a person wants to create in himself.
A norm is a type of behavior, a repeated situation, a requirement, a standard, an example for imitation, a model in the form of social opinion, taste, rule, custom. Norms embody the experience of ancestors with great positive value, because they reflect the appropriateness of this or that behavior tested in the experience of many generations.
Based on the definitions given above, we can say that the norms of social ethics are an indicator of the individual's behavior in the process of socialization into the society in ideal images. Today, the lack of formation of high goals, mobilization for self-study, insufficient development of the qualities of will, perseverance, perseverance, and action in our students also harms the quality of education. Therefore, it is necessary to form standards of social ethics based on the harmony of social education in the process of providing education to young people.
ANALYSIS OF LITERATURE ON THE SUBJECT
The works of great thinkers of our ancestors, as well as the works of our scholars who created in recent history, and historical sources play a role in the formation of social ethics in students. Examples of these are the work "Avesta", which is considered an ancient source, Imam Bukhari, our encyclopedic scholars Abu Nasr Farabi, Abu Ali Ibn Sina, Abu Rayhan Beruni, Yusuf Khos Khajib, Abulqasim Zamakhshari, Ahmad Yassavi, Alisher Novoi, Zahiriddin Muhammad Babur, our thinkers and in recent history. The moral teachings of the representatives of the enlightenment movement such as Mahmudhoja Behbudi, Abdulla Avloni, Abdurauf Fitrat, Abdulla Qadiri Cholpon, and Sheikh Muhammad Sadiq Muhammad Yusufs "Social Manners" are important sources for the development of social ethics in students.
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CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS
The criterion of a person's mental and physical maturity is ethics and moral standards, without which spiritual maturity cannot be achieved. That is why unity and connection in spiritual and moral education have a dialectical character and are considered important in the spiritual and moral formation of a person. Spirituality and ethics, in turn, require the effective organization of the process of social education. The issues of formation of individual consciousness in the commonality of spiritual values, national education of youth, spiritual foundations of the family, spirituality of independence and foundations of education, awareness of national identity in the student, formation of feelings of national pride, national pride in this process the place and role of spirituality was analyzed, the issues of formation of education of students in a spiritual and moral spirit, ways of instilling our national spiritual heritage into the minds of young people were applied. Attention is drawn to the fact that primary education is the main foundation for the cultivation of comprehensive and high-quality personnel.
REFERENCES
1. Decision No. 1059 of the Cabinet of Ministers of December 31, 2019 on approval of the concept of continuous spiritual education and measures for its implementation (National database of legal documents 03.01.2020, 09/ No. 20/1059/4265, 19.06.2020, No. 09/20/391/0777)
2. "Dictionary of Spirituality Basic Concepts". A. Sherov, A. Kholbekov, M. Gafarova and others. T.: 2009. 233 pages.
3. Abdulla Avloniy "Turkish culture or ethics". YOUTH PUBLISHING HOUSE. T.: 2019 5 pages.
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