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Janibekov D.A., PhD Andijan Institute of agriculture and Agrotechnology
THE EFFECT OF SEED PLANTATION ON COTTON SEEDLINGS THICKNESS IN DIFFERENT PLANTING METHODS AND SYSTEMS
Abstract. In the process of planting seeds of Andijan-37 variety, which is considered one of the most widely planted varieties of cotton in the light gray soils of Andijan region, information on the mechanisms of influence of planting methods and scheme on seedling thickness is given.
Key words. Andijan-37, variety, planting time, agrotechnical event, harvester, bush, bush, application period.
In the developed countries of the world, newly created varieties of cotton are grown on large areas, and agrotechnical measures aimed at increasing the yield of cotton depending on the plant's demand for water and food and different seedling thicknesses are being implemented. At the same time, these cotton varieties are planted and grown in different soil-climatic conditions of our country, and now the development of suitable agro-technology for obtaining high and quality cotton crops is one of the urgent tasks.
A. Khaidarov, S. Yusupov [1] in the Andijan conditions, the optimal planting thickness for medium-fiber cotton varieties Andijan-36 and Andijan-37 is 80,000/ha at a row spacing of 90 cm. they think they should be around.
Academician S. Kh. Yoldoshev, one of the scientists who studied the morphology of cotton varieties, said that the weight of the bolls on the branches of the crop depends first of all on the cone in which they are located, and also on the thickness of the seedling and finally on the biological characteristics of the variety. bitten.
In cotton, seedling thickness is important, and it is strongly influenced by water and nutrient norms. In order to study the negative or positive effect of the Andijan-37 cotton variety on growth, development, seedling thickness and planting scheme, field and production experiments have been conducted over the years. We know that cotton varieties are resistant to drought, and the root system must penetrate deep into the soil in order to grow. At the same time, it is necessary to provide the plant with water and food at an acceptable level. Only then will it be possible to grow a high quality crop from the cultivated cotton varieties. If agrotechnical activities are carried out in cotton in a timely manner, only then the plant will develop quickly, avoid unnecessary evaporation of moisture from the soil surface, and the transpiration coefficient will be smaller. The plant uses more of the moisture reserves in the soil. In our experiment, the theoretical seedling thickness according to planting schemes was 111 thousand bushes/ha in the 90x10-1 scheme, 185 thousand bushes/ha in the 90x(60x30)x12-1 scheme, 148 thousand bushes/ha in the 90x(60x30)x15-1 scheme, ( In the 76x38)x8,8-1
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scheme, it is 199,000 bushels/ha, in the (76x38)x9,7-1 scheme, 180,000 bushels/ha, and in the (76x38)x11,4-1 scheme, 154,000 bushels/ha.
In control variant 1 of planting seeds in the open field, the thickness of seedlings at the beginning of the period was 92,400 bushels/ha, and by the end of the period, the number of dead seedlings was 24.4%, the actual number The number of chats was 69,800 bushels/ha. In the 2nd control option of planting seeds in single rows with film, the thickness of seedlings at the beginning of the operation period was 94,000 bushels/ha, and by the end of the operation period, the number of dead seedlings was 22.2%. lib, real seedlings made up 73.1 thousand bush/ha.
In options 9, 10 and 11, which were planted in 76 schemes in the open area in the double method, at the beginning of the period of operation, it was determined that there were seedlings with a thickness of 167.8, 151.0, and 128.9 thousand bush/ha, by the end of the period of operation this indicator was 121.3, 111.5 and 96.0 thousand bushes/ha, respectively, the number of dead seedlings was 27.7, 26.2 and 25.5%,1 - it was observed that it was 1.1-3.3% higher than the control option.
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Figure 1 Effect of planting methods and scheme on seedling thickness,
bush/ha (2022)
In the options 12, 13, and 14 planted in 76 schemes with a layer of film, the thickness of the seedlings at the beginning of the operation period was 170.9, 154.1, and 131.2 thousand bushels/ha. By the end of the operation period, The thickness of the forest was 127.4, 116.8 and 100.4 thousand bushes/ha, the amount of seedlings that died during the period of operation was 25.5, 24.2 and 23.5%,
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respectively. - it was observed that it differed by 1.3-3.3% compared to the control option.
In the options 15, 16 and 17 of planting seeds in the field with a film on the cover, the thickness of seedlings at the beginning of the period was 171.9, 155.0 and 132.4 thousand bushels/ha, at the end of the period the thickness is 129.5, 118.6 and 102.5 thousand bush/ha, and the dead seedlings reach 24.7, 23.5 and 22.6%, respectively, 0.4 compared to control option 2 It was observed that it differed by -2.5%.
It should be noted that the actual seedling thickness was slightly higher at the beginning of the cotton season, but it decreased due to the applied agrotechnical measures and sampling. It was found that cotton growth, development (number and weight of bolls), dry mass accumulation, and finally cotton yield indicators changed directly proportional to actual cotton seedling thickness.
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2. Xaydarov A., Yusupov S. Andijon-36 va Andijon-37 navlari agrotexnikasi. // Fermer xo'jaliklarida paxtachilik va g'allachilikni rivojlantirishning ilmiy asoslari. Toshkent, 2006 y. B. 205-208.
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4. Namazov S. E., Abdumalikov U. Z., Matyoqubov S. K. BOSHLANG 'ICH ASHYOLARNI OLISHDA OTA-ONA SHAKLLARIDA DURAGAYLASH XAMDA ULARNI KOMBINATSIYALANISH QOBILIYATI O 'RGANISH //Академические исследования в современной науке. - 2022. - Т. 1. - №2. 20. - С. 258-262.
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