CC BY
10
UDC 332; DOI 10.18551/rjoas.2023-01.13
THE EFFECT OF IMPLEMENTING SUSTAINABLE FOOD YARD PROGRAM (P2L) ON HOUSEHOLD FOOD CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURES IN WOMEN FARMER GROUP
AT PRABUMULIH CITY
Sumarti
Master's Program of Agribusiness, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Sriwijaya,
Palembang, Indonesia
Sriati*, Anthoni Mirza
Faculty of Agriculture, University of Sriwijaya, Indralaya, Indonesia
*E-mail: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Food is the most basic need in the hierarchy of human life. This study aims to see the relationship between the implementation of the Sustainable Food Yard Program and household food consumption expenditures of the Women Farmer Group participating in the Sustainable Food Yard Program in Prabumulih City. To analyze the extent to which the implementation of the Sustainable Food Yard Program uses the Scoring Method and is analyzed descriptively and how is the relationship between the implementation of the Program and the reduction in food consumption expenditure costs using the Spearman Rank Correlation Test. The research was carried out from October to December 2021. The research method was carried out in the survey. Sampling used the Cluster method of Random sampling with a total of 100 respondents. Descriptive analysis shows that the implementation of the Sustainable Food Yard Program in Prabumulih City is the criteria for being quite successful. By using a paired t-test sig value is known. (2-tailed) of 0.000 <0.05 indicates that there is a difference in household consumption expenses for the Women Farmer Group before and after participating in the Sustainable Food Yard Program. The Spearman Rank Correlation Test shows a correlation coefficient of 0.268** meaning that the correlation level is quite strong.
KEY WORDS
Program implementation, food diversification, sustainable food yard program, farming women's groups, food self-sufficiency, consumption expenditure.
Land use change and population growth are inseparable. Where the higher population growth results in a higher occurrence of land conversion. The increase in consumption is directly proportional to the increase in population accompanied by urbanization of the population from villages to cities, thus it can be interpreted that the need for food in the future will become a very strategic need to meet human needs. According to Santana et al (2013), various main problems are faced in realizing food security such as faster growth in demand for food than production growth itself.
In carrying out their daily activities, humans need food, and food is a human need that absolutely must be met. (Saputro & Fidayani, 2020). Fulfillment of food is part of the human rights of every human being. The large proportion of the population experiencing transient food insecurity due to natural disasters and calamities, as well as chronic food insecurity and poverty experienced by the population are problems and challenges in increasing food security, food self-sufficiency, and community welfare that must be faced (Hapsari & Rudiarto, 2017).
To realize a healthy, active, and productive life, the Government and Regional Governments are obliged to realize the diversification of food consumption by the Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 18 of 2012 to meet the nutritional needs of the community by local potential and wisdom (Sari & Irawati, 2020). The government is trying to realize food
diversity through the use of yards to increase the diversity and quality of community food consumption so that it is more diverse, nutritionally balanced, and safe to support healthy, active, and productive lives (Kurniawan et al., 2018). In realizing self-sufficiency in food, the government is committed to reviving the culture of planting in yards, both in urban and rural areas by involving households (Jayapura et al., 2021). Removing the culture of planting and managing yards for rural and urban communities is a challenge in itself for the government (Lestari et al., 2015). Food independence can be realized if all levels of society participate actively in development (Nurjannah et al., 2015).
Prabumulih City has an area of 456.89 km 2 of the area and a total yard area of 1,370.45 ha. Natural resources that have the potential to be developed in Prabumulih City are plantation, livestock, fishery, horticulture, and forestry businesses. Also various food crops such as grains, tubers, nuts, vegetables, fruits, and medicinal plants (BPS, 2021).
The Movement for the Acceleration of Diversification of Food Consumption (P2KP) has been implemented by the Government through the Center for Diversification of Food Consumption and Food Safety, the Food Security Agency of the Ministry of Agriculture since 2010 (Susilowati et al., 2020). To realize an increase in food diversification and the key to successful agricultural development in Indonesia, it needs to be implemented through the Diversification of Consumption and Food Security Movement (Hartono, 2016). With the implementation of the Sustainable Food Home Area model, it can contribute to savings in reducing household consumption costs for food, the wider the yard owned by the Women Farmer Group, the greater the expenditure on food that can be saved (Hanifah et al. 2014).
Prabumulih City has received financial assistance from the Sustainable Food Yard Program since 2012 originating from the APBN allocated in the Province in the form of deconcentration funds and the Regency/City as assistance task funds (DKP, 2021). This program is implemented in the framework of assisting the Government to address priority areas for stunting intervention and/or priority handling of food insecure vulnerable areas or strengthening food security areas, by utilizing existing resources such as idle land, community yards or vacant land that is no longer productive so that it can increase the production of food ingredients that can be used by households can also be sold to the market (Purwantini, 2016). The women who belong to the Women Farmers Group generally buy food for their daily needs from the shop or market where they live, so they have to pay for their daily needs. They have a yard where they live that can be used to grow plants that are useful for fulfilling family nutrition which can save household expenses.
Sustainable Food Yard Activity Program in Prabumulih City, it has been able to have a significant impact, this can be seen by the existence of this program as a motivation for the growth of new groups of female farmers around them who use the yards where they live to plant crops in the yards (DKP, 2021).
Sirnawati et al. (2015). seeds, seed sources, the number of sustainable food houses, crop-livestock integration, crop rotation, local food conservation, crop utilization, administration, and involvement of officials and markets have had a positive influence on increasing the success of implementing Sustainable Food Houses Areas on Sumatra Island.
Some of the women farming groups involved in land use activities in Prabumulih City have been farmers, housewives, entrepreneurs, nurses, teachers, and civil servants. With this activity, the women farmer groups have a dual role, namely as housewives who take care of their families and as members of the women farmer group who have activities in the agricultural sector to help reduce household food consumption expenditures through the use of their yards.
Based on this, research was carried out on the Effect of the Implementation of the Sustainable Food Yard Program (P2L) on household food consumption expenditures of the Women Farmer Group who participated in the program in Prabumulih City.The aims of this research are:
• Analyzing the the implementation of the Sustainable Food Yard Program (P2L) in Prabumulih City;
• Calculating the reduction in the cost of household food consumption expenses for the Women Farmer Group participating in the Sustainable Food Yard Program (P2L) in Prabumulih City;
• Analyzing the relationship between implementation of the Sustainable Food Yard Program (P2L) and reducing the cost of household food consumption expenditure for the Women Farmer Group participating in the Sustainable Food Yard Program (P2L) in Prabumulih City.
METHODS OF RESEARCH
The research was carried out in 4 ( four) sub-districts within the Prabumulih City area, namely Rambang Kapak Tengah District, Karya Mulya Village, East Prabumulih District, Gunung Ibul Barat Village, Prabumulih Selatan District, Tanjung Raman Village, and Prabumulih Barat District, Patih Galung Village. The time of research was carried out from October to November 2021.
The sampling method was carried out using the Slovin formula. Where the group of female farmers who became the sample totaled 5 (five) groups with a total population of 134 female farmers, a confidence level of 95%, and an error tolerance limit of 5% (e = 0.05), the number of respondents was 100 respondents. The technique for taking this sample uses the cluster random sampling method.
To measure the level of implementation of the Sustainable Food Yard Program (P2L) using a scoring method with a Likert scale and descriptive analysis. The scores obtained are categorized into 3 categories with class intervals. P2L program implementation variables are seen from 4 aspects, namely: seeding aspect, institutional aspect, yard management aspect, and member participation.
Table 1 - Variables for the Assessment of the Implementation of the Sustainable Food Yard Program
No Variable Indicator
1. Seed Aspect 1. Nursery
2. Development of demonstration plots
3. Development of members' yards
2. Institutional Aspects 1. Involvement of village officials
2. Community leaders
3. Local government/private support
3. Yard Management Aspects 1. Sustainable food houses
2. Utilization of harvest
3. Administrative Activities
4. Participation of Members 1. Participation in activity planning
2. Participation in the implementation of activities
3. Participation in utilization
Source: 2020 P2L Government Assistance Technical Guidelines and Previous Research.
Based on data processing, the class interval values can be seen in the Table 2:
Table 2 - Class Interval Value
No. Class interval score (Total score) Class intervals Class intervals Criteria
(Per indicator) (Per question) Score
1. 72 < X < 120 6 < X < 10.99 1 < X < 1.66 Not successful
2. 120 < X < 168 10.99 < X < 14.99 1.66 < X < 2.32 It just worked
3. 168 < X < 216 14.99 < X < 18 2.32 < X < 3 Succeed
To calculate the reduction in the cost of household food consumption expenditure for the group of women farmers participating in the sustainable food garden program (P2L) in Prabumulih City uses a paired-sample t-test. Paired-sample t-test is a hypothesis test where the distribution of the two sample data used is not independent or paired ( Nuryadi, et al. 2017).
A significance value of <0.05 indicates that there is a significant difference between the
household food consumption expenditure of the Women Farmer Group before and after participating in the Sustainable Food Yard Program, while a significance value of > 0.05 indicates that there is no significant difference between the household food consumption expenditure of the Women's Group before and after participating in the Sustainable Food Yard Program.
To analyze the relationship between the Implementation of the Sustainable Food Yard Program (P2L) and household food consumption expenditure for the Women Farmer Group participating in the Sustainable Food Yard Program (P2L) in Prabumulih City used the Spearman Rank Correlation Test which was processed using the IBM SPSS Statistics version 26 program. In the Spearman correlation, the relationship between variables is measured based on the ranking of the original data. The interpretation of the Spearman correlation coefficient value according to Raharjo, S. (2017) can be described as follows:
1. 0.00 - 0.25 = very weak relationship;
2. 0.26 - 0.50 = enough relationship;
3. 0.51 - 0.75 = strong relationship;
4. 0.76 - 0.99 = very strong relationship;
5. Amount of 1 = perfect relationship.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Seeding aspect is measured from 3 indicators, namely Nursery, Development of Demonstration Plots, and Development of Members' Yards. Seed Aspect Assessment can be seen in Table 3.
Table 3 - Nursery Indicator Scores
Question Items Seed garden - TB CB B Total Score Average Criteria
Seed stock 67 2 31 164 1.64 Not successful
Water and growing medium 0 58 42 242 2,42 Succeed
Land ownership status 89 0 11 122 1.22 Not successful
Seed distribution 11 35 54 243 2.43 Succeed
Facilities and equipment 1 67 32 231 2,31 It just worked
Village nursery management 0 4 96 296 2.96 Succeed
Amount 168 166 266 1298 12.98
Average 2,16 It just worked
Note: Unsuccessful (TB), Sufficiently Successful (CB), Successful (B).
The seeding aspect in this study with the Nursery Garden indicator on average was included in the criteria of success in 3 question items, 1 was quite successful and 2 was not successful. Items one and three were in the criteria of not being successful, where most of the Women Farmers Group answered that the seed stock available in the nursery was less than 7,000 seedlings and the nursery was located on land belonging to someone else. The second indicator, namely Demonstration Development can be seen in Table 4.
Table 4 - Demonstration Development Indicator Scores
Question Items Demonstration Development TB CB B Total Score Average Criteria
Demonstration results 84 0 16 132 1.32 Not successful
A place to study and a pilot yard 0 77 23 223 2,23 It just worked
Demonstration area 0 19 81 281 2.81 Succeed
Meet consumption and market needs 0 84 16 216 2,16 It just worked
Demonstration management 1 15 84 283 2.83 Succeed
Monitoring and development of demonstration plots 9 43 48 239 2.39 Succeed
Amount 94 238 268 1374 13.74
Average 2,29 It just worked
Note: Unsuccessful (TB), Sufficiently Successful (CB), Successful (B).
The seeding aspect in this study with the demonstration plot development indicator on average was included in the success criteria. The first question item is in the criteria of not being successful, where most of the Women Farmers Group answered that the results of the demonstration plots being sold were not enough to finance the development of the demonstration plots. The second and fourth question items were in the criteria of being quite successful where the Women Farmers Group answered that the demonstration plot was still functioning.
Table 5 - Scores of Members' Yard Development Indicators
Question Items Member Yard Development - TB CB B Total Score Average Criteria
Plant availability 24 37 39 215 2,15 It just worked
Number of plants in the yard 56 21 23 167 1.67 Not successful
Economic benefits of plants 0 64 36 236 2.36 Succeed
Family consumption and income 0 85 15 215 2,15 It just worked
Post harvest handling 71 21 8 137 1.37 Not successful
Processed products 0 76 24 224 2,24 It just worked
Amount 151 304 145 1194 11.94
Average 1.99 It just worked
Note: Unsuccessful (TB), Sufficiently Successful (CB), Successful (B).
The seeding aspect in this study with the indicator of Member Yard Development on average was included in the criteria of being quite successful. In the first, fourth and sixth question items were in the criteria of being quite successful, where most of the Women Farmers Group answered that the plants had always been in the yard for more than 6 months which were used for family consumption and sometimes used as processed products. The second and fifth question items are in the criteria of not being successful; this is from the number of plants in the yard of less than 50 polybags. From the research, information was obtained that the results of the yard were only used as daily food consumption. Only a small number of them use the produce from their yards to produce processed products such as chips, spinach crackers and drinks.
The institutional aspect is measured from 3 indicators, namely the involvement of village officials, community leaders and local / private government support. Assessment of Institutional Aspects can be seen in Table 6.
Table 6 - Scores of Village Officials Involvement Indicators
Question Items Village Official Involvement TB CB B Total Score Average Criteria
Assist in the implementation of activities 4 58 38 234 2.34 Succeed
Do socialization 7 67 26 219 2,19 It just worked
Conduct training 12 73 15 203 2.03 It just worked
Decision-making 12 80 8 196 1.96 It just worked
Activity monitoring 42 52 6 164 1.64 Not successful
Solutions and troubleshooting 31 51 18 187 1.87 It just worked
Amount 108 381 111 1203 12.03
Average_2.01_It just worked
Note: Unsuccessful (TB), Sufficiently Successful (CB), Successful (B).
In this study, the institutional aspect with the indicator of Member Yard Development was on average included in the criteria of being quite successful in 4 question items, 1 was successful and 1 was unsuccessful with a total score of 2.01. The second, third, fourth and sixth question items are in the criteria of being quite successful. In this indicator, some Village Officials provide socialization and guidance as well as solutions in solving a problem. But they are rarely involved in decision making. The fifth question item is in the unsuccessful category, where village officials, although involved in socialization and coaching, are not active in supervising the development of activities.
Table 7 - Community Figures Indicator Score
Question nems Public figure - TB CB B Total Score Average Criteria
Community known group 5 38 57 252 2.52 Succeed
The group is recognized 5 70 25 220 2,20 It just worked
Community Leader Involvement 6 35 59 253 2.53 Succeed
Role in the implementation of activities 20 64 16 196 1.96 It just worked
Socialization and coaching 62 31 7 145 1.45 Not successful
Decision-making 68 27 5 137 1.37 Not successful
Amount 166 265 169 1203 12.03
Average 2.01 It just worked
Note: Unsuccessful (TB), Sufficiently Successful (CB), Successful (B).
The institutional aspect in this study with Community Figures indicators on the first and third questions is included in the success criteria, where the Farmer Women's Group feels the need for the involvement of Community Figures so that the group becomes known by the community. The second and fourth question items are included in the quite successful criteria, where with this program community leaders have helped in carrying out activities so that the existence of the group can be recognized by the community. In the fifth and sixth question items, they are included in the unsuccessful category not involved in decision-making for the development of activities.
Table 8 - Scores of Local Government/Private Support Indicators
Question Items Local/Private Government Support TB CB B Total Score Average Criteria
Monitoring and evaluation 0 40 60 260 2.60 Succeed
Local Government/Private Assistance 7 67 26 219 2,19 It just worked
Award from Local Government 0 86 14 214 2,14 It just worked
Productive and non-productive business 10 75 15 205 2.05 It just worked
Guidance from related agencies 3 44 53 250 2.50 Succeed
Assistance from Private Parties/Institutions 22 66 12 190 1.90 It just worked
Amount 42 378 180 1338 13.38
Average 2,23 It just worked
Note: Unsuccessful (TB), Sufficiently Successful (CB), Successful (B).
In this study, the Institutional Aspect with indicators of Government/Private Support on 4 question items is included in the criteria of moderate success and 2 is included in the criteria of success. In the second, third, fourth and sixth question items, it shows that the Women Farmer Group in addition to the Sustainable Food Yard assistance (P2L) have also received awards and have received other assistance from the private sector. The first and fifth question items are included in the success criteria. This shows that apart from private assistance, Women Farmer Groups also often receive assistance from the Regional Government and Regional Government in the form of groceries, food processing equipment and through related agencies, often participate in coaching conducted by Field Agricultural Extension and from the Prabumulih City PKK Mobilization Team.
Aspects of Yard Management are measured from 3 indicators namely Sustainable Food Houses, Harvest Utilization, Group Administration Activities.
Table 9 - Indicator Scores for Sustainable Food Homes
Question Items Sustainable Food House TB CB B Total Score Average Criteria
Sustainable food house at the beginning of formation 11 89 0 189 1.89 It just worked
The development of RPL in the surrounding environment 33 59 8 175 1.75 It just worked
Types of plants planted 1 88 11 210 2,1 It just worked
Integration of crops - Livestock - Fish 68 4 28 160 1.60 Not successful
Source of seeds 14 40 46 232 2,32 It just worked
Adding the number of RPL 14 77 9 195 1.95 It just worked
Amount 141 357 102 1161 11.61
Average 1.94 It just worked
Note: Unsuccessful (TB), Sufficiently Successful (CB), Successful (B).
In this study, the Aspect of Yard Management with Sustainable Food Home indicators on 5 question items was included in the criteria of being quite successful and 1 was included in the criteria of not being successful. The first, second, third, fifth and sixth question items are in the criteria of being quite successful, this show that the number of members of a sustainable food house from the start until now is still 10 to 30 members, where the number of members has not experienced growth, which should be expected members of sustainable food houses increased. The fourth question item is in the criteria of not being successful with a score of 1.60 where only a small proportion of Women Farmers carry out integrated planting.
Table 10 - Scores of Harvest Utilization Indicators
Question Items Harvest Utilization - TB CB B Total Score Average Criteria
Own consumption - donated - sold 63 31 6 143 1.43 Not successful
Harvest processing 0 95 5 205 2.05 It just worked
Harvest achievement 17 61 22 205 2.05 It just worked
Harvesting implementation 0 97 3 203 2.03 It just worked
Processed products produced 0 80 20 220 2,2 It just worked
Utilization of members' crops 63 36 1 138 1.38 Not successful
Amount 143 400 57 1114 11,14
Average 1.86 It just worked
Note: Unsuccessful (TB), Sufficiently Successful (CB), Successful (B).
Harvest Utilization Indicators on 4 question items are included in the criteria of moderate success and 2 are included in the criteria of not being successful. The first and sixth question items are in the unsuccessful criteria, this indicates that the produce from the member's yard cannot supply the other members and is only sufficient for family consumption.
Table 11 - Scores of Group Administration Activity Indicators
Question Items Group Administration Activities TB CB B Total Score Average Criteria
Orderly group administration 0 23 77 277 2.77 Succeed
Regular member meeting 0 69 31 231 2,31 It just worked
Member fees 23 8 69 246 2.46 Succeed
Financial management 0 58 42 242 2,42 Succeed
Group administration training 27 43 30 203 2.03 It just worked
Food processing training 29 42 29 200 2.00 It just worked
Amount 79 243 278 1399 13.99
Average_2,33_Succeed
Note: Unsuccessful (TB), Sufficiently Successful (CB), Successful (B).
Indicators of Group Administration Activities on 3 question items fall into the criteria of being quite successful where routine meetings, training in food administration and processing are rare. On the 2 question items included in the success criteria where group administrative activities are carried out in an orderly manner and the management's financial management is carried out openly.
Aspects of Member Participation measured by 3 indicators, namely Participation in Activity Planning, Participation in Activity Implementation and Participation in Utilization can be seen in Table 12.
The Participation Indicator in Activity Planning is on average included in the criteria of being quite successful with a total score of 1.93, where the group is quite active in preparing activity plans, budgets, outreach and meetings in making decisions for the progress of the group.
Aspects of Member Participation in this study with the indicator Participation in the Implementation of Activities on average are included in the criteria of being quite successful on 5 question items. This shows that group members are quite active in carrying out village
nursery management such as land preparation, seed sowing and planting, pest and plant disease control and maintenance, whereas the sixth question item is included in the successful category where the group is active in harvesting and marketing.
Table 12 - Participation Score in Activity Planning
Question Items Participation in Activity Planning TB CB B Total Score Average Criteria
Preparation of Group Activity Plans 31 33 36 205 2.05 It just worked
RKKA preparation 36 33 31 195 1.95 It just worked
Group outreach activities 39 26 35 196 1.96 It just worked
Group meeting activities 43 32 25 182 1.82 It just worked
Contribution of members' creative thoughts/ideas 41 31 28 187 1.87 It just worked
Decision-making 42 24 34 192 1.92 It just worked
Amount 232 179 189 1157 11.57
Average
1.93
It just worked
Note: Unsuccessful (TB), Sufficiently Successful (CB), Successful (B).
Table 13 - Participation Score in Activity Implementation
Question Items Participation in the Implementation of Activities TB CB B Total Score Average Criteria
Creating a Village Nursery 24 40 36 212 2,12 It just worked
Land processing 42 25 33 191 1.91 It just worked
Seeding seeds and planting 41 28 31 190 1,9 It just worked
Control of pests and plant diseases 42 26 32 190 1,9 It just worked
Plant maintenance 24 45 31 207 2.07 It just worked
Harvesting results 0 56 44 244 2.44 Succeed
Amount 173 220 207 1234 12.34
Average
2.06
It just worked
Note: Unsuccessful (TB), Sufficiently Successful (CB), Successful (B).
Table 14 - Participation in Utilization Score
Question Items
Participation in Utilization TB CB B Total Score Average Criteria
Family food security and independence 8 22 70 262 2.62 Succeed
Beauty/aesthetics 0 41 59 259 2.59 Succeed
Family education 0 39 61 261 2.61 Succeed
Spiritual satisfaction 0 57 43 243 2.43 Succeed
Utilization of equipment assistance 0 43 57 257 2.57 Succeed
Utilization of planting media assistance 0 40 60 260 2.60 Succeed
Amount 8 242 350 1542 15,42
Average 2.57 Succeed
Note: Unsuccessful (TB), Sufficiently Successful (CB), Successful (B).
The indicator of Participation in Utilization is included in the success criteria. This shows that group members really benefit from the P2L Program both in terms of food security and family food self-sufficiency, beauty, family education, spiritual satisfaction as well as facilities and infrastructure for smooth activities. From the description above it can be concluded that the implementation of the Sustainable Food Yard Program (P2L) in Prabumulih City is included in the criteria of being quite successful.
Table 15 showed that the average household consumption expenditure of the five Women Farmer Groups in Prabumulih City before joining the Sustainable Food Yard Program was Rp.402. 239, - / month but after participating in the program the consumption expenditure for vegetables and livestock became Rp. 353,964,- / month. This shows that there is a savings in vegetable and livestock consumption expenditure of Rp. 48,274, - / month or 12.75%. Expenditures are reduced because most of the vegetables used for daily consumption come from the yard itself, but when compared to the savings in consumption expenditures for vegetables and livestock in other areas in Prabumulih City it is relatively small. This can be seen from research conducted by (Aji TS & Sholihah. M , 2013) that the
reduction in household consumption expenditure before participating in Sustainable Food Yard activities was an average of Rp. 650,000 - 700,000 / month / household and after participating in the Sustainable Food Yard activities the average expenditure is Rp. 500.000 -600.000,- / month / household. This shows that there is a savings in household consumption expenditure of Rp. 50.000 - 100.000,- /month. Research conducted by (Atmadja, MYH et al, 2020 ) the role of housewives in participating in the Sustainable Food Home Area Program shows that besides being useful in meeting food needs it is also beneficial for saving costs/household consumption expenditures which range from Rp. 250,000,; - Rp. 500.000,-per family, whereas another study conducted by (N. Pranita, A. Putri, N. Aini et al, 2015) household consumption expenditure that can be saved is approximately Rp. 30,000,- / month.
Table 15 - Savings on Vegetable and Livestock Expenditure for Household Consumption of Women
Farmer Groups in Prabumulih City
Farmer Women's Group Vegetable and Livestock Consumption Expenditure of Household Members of Women Farmer Groups Savings / month
Before participating in P2L/Year (Rp) After participating in P2L/Year (Rp) Before participating in P2L/Month (Rp) After participating in P2L/Month (Rp) Score %
Angsana 4,633,753 4,072,089 386,146 339,341 46,805 12,12
Karya Lestari 4,544,815 3,887,901 378,735 323,992 54,743 14.45
Kemuning 4,699,527 4,077,211 391,627 339,768 51,860 13,24
Panggung Pinang 5,173,357 4,661,527 431,113 388,461 42,652 10.01
Swadaya 4,926,109 4,340,488 410,509 361,707 48,802 12,26
Average 4,827,867 4,247,574 402,239 353,964 48,274 12.75
These results were then carried out by a paired-sample t-test to see statistical differences in reducing household consumption expenditure. The results of the t-test can be seen in Table 16 below:
Table 16 - Paired Samples Test
Consumption expenditure .. Std. Std. Error . .. ~ Sig.
, , v.. . . Means _ . .. .. Lower Upper Q Df . *. .. ,
before participating in P2L - _Deviation_Mean_____( 2-tailed
Cartnicipmaptn°i nexp2eLnditure ^ 48,274 11.58 1.15 45.97 50,57 41,678 99 .000
The sig. (2-tailed) of 0.000 <0.05, then H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted, meaning that there is a significant difference in food consumption expenditure for the Women Farmer Group before and after participating in the Sustainable Food Yard Program of 48,274 Thus the calculated t value is 41,678 > from t table 1.98422, where expenditure after participating in the Sustainable Food Yard Program is lower, because it is substituted by the results of the utilization of the yard.
To find out how the relationship between the Implementation of the Sustainable Food Yard Program (P2L) and household food consumption expenditures for the Women Farmer Group participating in the Sustainable Food Yard Program (P2L) in Prabumulih City was carried out using the Spearman Rank Test. The test results can be seen in Table 17.
Table 17 - Rank Spearman correlation test results
Difference reduction Implementation of activities
Spearman's Difference reduction Correlation 1,000 .268**
rho Coefficient
Sig. (2-tailed) 007
N 100 100
Implementation of activities Correlation Coefficient Sig. (2-tailed) N .268** 007 100 1,000 100
The results of the Correlations data output show that the sig. (2-tailed) of 0.07 > 0.05, it can be said that H0 is accepted and H1 is rejected and it can be concluded that there is no significant relationship between the difference in reducing the cost of household food consumption expenditures for the Women Farmer Group participating in the P2L Program in Prabumulih City and the Program Implementation. And from the SPSS output, a correlation coefficient of 0.268 ** is which means that the strength of the correlation is quite strong. This is because the value of household food spending savings for members of the Women Farmer Group participating in the Sustainable Food Yard Program in Prabumulih City is not too large, namely only Rp. 48,274/month. This is because although the Women Farmers Group grows crops in their yard to meet household consumption needs, they have not been able to fulfill or substitute all daily food needs.
The continuous and sustainable availability of quality seeds/seedlings is one of the keys to the successful implementation of the Sustainable Food Yard Program in Prabumulih City. In practice, the management of the nursery and demonstration plots is carried out by the members of the Women Farmer Group in mutual cooperation, taking turns. The proceeds from the sale are included in the group treasury for the operational costs of daily activities, even though the sales proceeds are not sufficient for the maintenance costs of the demonstration plot and nursery.
The size of the family members affects the amount of household food consumption expenditure, an increase in the number of household members causes the household need for food to increase. Research from (Kiswati & Rahmawati A, 2015) states that every time there is an additional dependent member of a family it can result in higher living needs that must be met.
CONCLUSION
The conclusion of this research is that implementation of the Sustainable Food Yard Program in Prabumulih City is quite successful and there is a reduction in household food consumption expenditure for the Women Farmer Group participating in the Sustainable Food Yard Program. Expenditures decreased by Rp. 48,274, - / month because most of the vegetables used for daily consumption come from the yard itself, where consumption expenditure after participating in the Sustainable Food Yard Program is lower, because it is substituted by the results of using the yard. There is a fairly strong correlation/relationship between the implementation of the Sustainable Food Yard Program and the reduction in household food consumption expenses for the Women Farmer Group participating in the Sustainable Food Yard Program in Prabumulih City.
In order for the Sustainable Food Yard Program (P2L) in Prabumulih City to continue, the active role of members of the Women Farmer Group, community leaders, support from the Central and Regional Governments and related stakeholders is urgently needed as well as regular monitoring and evaluation for improvement and solving problems in the field.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The research was funded by DIPA of Public Service Agency of University of Sriwijaya SP DIPA-023.17.2.677515/2022 on December 13, 2021, and in accordance with the Rector's Decree Number: 0111/UN9.3.1/SK/2022 On April 28, 2022.
REFERENCES
1. Atmadja, MHY., Kordiyana, KR., Listiana, I. (2020). Peranan Ibu Rumah Tangga Pada Program Kawasan Rumah Pangan Lestari di Kecamatan Natar Kabupaten Lampung Selatan. Jurnal IIA, Volume 8 No. 1, Februari 2020.
2. Badan Ketahanan Pangan, Kementerian Pertanian Republik Indonesia. 2019. Petunjuk Teknis Bantuan Pemerintah Kegiatan Pekarangan Pangan Lestari (P2L) Tahun 2020.
3. Badan Pusat Statistik Kota Prabumulih. 2021. Kota Prabumulih Dalam Angka.
4. Dinas Ketahanan Pangan Kota Prabumulih. 2021. Laporan Tahunan Tahun 2021.
5. Dinas Ketahanan Pangan Kota Prabumulih. 2021. Laporan Monitoring and Evaluasi Tahun 2021).
6. Hapsari, N. I., & Rudiarto, I. (2017). Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Kerawanan and Ketahanan Pangan and Implikasi Kebijakannya di Kabupaten Rembang. Jurnal Wilayah and Lingkungan, 5(2), 125. https://doi.org/10.14710/jwl.5.2.125-140.
7. Hanifah, V.W., T. Marsetyowati and A. Ulfah. (2014). Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi Konsumsi Sayuran Rumah Tangga pada Kawasan Rumah Pangan Lestari di Propinsi Jawa Timur and Sumatera Selatan. Jurnal Pengkajian and Pengembangan Teknologi Pertanian. Vol 17 (2): 144-153.
8. Hardono, G. S. (2016). Strategi Pengembangan Diversifikasi Pangan Lokal Local Food Diversification Development Strategy. Analisis Kebijakan Pertanian, 12(1), 1-17.
9. Jayaputra, Santoso, B. B., & Jaya, I. K. D. (2021). Optimalisasi Pemanfaatan Pekarangan untuk Mendukung Kemandirian Pangan and Konsumsi Gizi Seimbang Rumah Tangga Petani Lahan Kering di Desa Gumantar Lombok Utara. Prosiding PEPADU 2021, 3(November), 473-482.
10. Kurniawan, Y. Y., Daerobi, A., Sarosa, B., & Pratama, Y. P. (2018). Analisis program kawasan rumah pangan lestari and hubungannya dengan ketahanan pangan serta kesejahteraan. Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi Terapan, 03(2), 1-22. https://e-journal.unair.ac.id/JIET/article/view/8451.
11. Kiswati, Rahmawati, A. (2015). Faktor-faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Tingkat Pengembalian Pembiayaan Mudharabah. Jurnal Ekonomi Syariah, 3 (1), pp:1-26.
12. Lestari, M. S., Budiyono, & Zulkarnain. (2015). Pergeseran Nilai Gotong Royong Dalam Pengolahan Lahan Pertanian Desa Pulung Kencana. Jurnal Penelitian Geografi, 3(5), 252037.
13. Nurjannah, R., Yulida, R., & Sayamar, E. (2015). Tingkat Partisipasi Anggota Kelompok Wanita Tani dalam Program Model Kawasan Rumah Pangan Lestari (M-KRPL) di Desa Tualang Kecamatan Tualaang Kabupaten Siak. JOM Faperta, 2(1).
14. Nuryadi, dkk (2017). Dasar-dasar Penelitian Statistik. Universitas Mercu Buana.
15. N. Pranita, dkk (2015). Evaluasi Keberlanjutan Kawasan Rumah Pangan Lestari (KRPL) di Desa Girimoyo Kecamatan Karangploso, Malang. Jurnal Produksi Tanaman. DOI: 10.21176/protan.v3i4.201.
16. Purwantini, T. B. (2016). Pendekatan Rawan Pangan and Gizi: Besaran, Karakteristik, and Penyebabnya. Forum Penelitian Agro Ekonomi, 32(1), 1. https://doi.org/10.21082/fae.v32n1.2014.1-17.
17. Raharjo, S. (2017). Analisis Data Non Parametrik. Tutorial Analisis Korelasi Rank Spearman dengan SPSS. SPSS Indonesia.
18. Saptana, Sunarsih and Friyanto, S. (2013). Analisis Kebijakan and Program Model Kawasan Rumah Pangan Lestari. Forum Penelitian Agro Ekonomi, 3(1): 67-87.
19. Saputro, W. A., & Fidayani, Y. (2020). Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Ketahanan Pangan Rumah Tangga Petani Di Kabupaten Klaten. Jurnal Agrica, 13(2), 115-123. https://doi.org/10.31289/agrica.v13i2.4078.
20. Sari, S. D., & Irawati, A. (2020). Pemberdayaan Masyarakat melalui P2L ( Program Pekarangan Pangan Lestari ) sebagai Pemenuhan Hak Konstitusional Ketahanan Pangan. Jurnal Pemerintah, Pembangunan and Inovasi Daerah, 2(2), 74-83.
21. Sirnawati, E., Yulianti, A., & Ulpah, A. (2015). Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Keberhasilan Kawasan Rumah Pangan Lestari Di Pulau Sumatera. Jurnal Pengkajian and Pengembangan Teknologi Pertanian, 18(1), 11-27.
22. Susilowati, L. E., Yakop, U. M., & Kusumo, B. H. (2020). Gerakan Percepatan Penganekaragaman Konsumsi Pangan (P2KP) Untuk Antisipasi Dampak Perubahan Iklim Pada Sektor Pertanian. Jurnal Gema Ngabdi, 2(1), 46-53. https://doi.org/10.29303/jgn.v2i1.69.
23. T.Aji, M. Sholihah. (2013). Dampak Program Kawasan Rumah Pangan Lestari (KRPL) Terhadap Pengeluaran Konsumsi Rumah Tangga. Journal Agromix. 17-21.
