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THE DEVELOPMENT OF WIRELESS ACCESS TECHNOLOGY IN THE NGN
© Абубакаров Р.Р.*, Плетнева Д.А.#,
Нурмухамбетова С.А.*
Астраханский государственный технический университет, г. Астрахань
Next Generation Network (NGN) is a new concept of the network combining voice functions, quality service (QoS) and switched networks with the advantages and efficiency of packet-based network. NGN network means the evolution of existing telecommunication networks reflected in networks and technologies merging. This provides a wide range of services ranging from classic telephony services to the various data transmission services or their combinations.
There is no single accepted definition of NGN in this rather early stage of NGN deployment. Usually these definitions are quite broad - this is the case for definitions from organizations such as ETSI and ITU-T which have stressed the main characteristics of NGN in a broad way. For example, ITU-T described NGN as a packet-based network able to provide services including telecommunication services and able to make use of multiple broadband, quality of service enabled transport technologies and in which service related functions are independent from the underlying transport-related technologies. So we can say that NGN can be viewed as a - communication network that allows unfettered access to all communication products and services, irrespective of the service provider or network connection.
In major components NGN included in traditional voice and data equipment, the NGN architecture contains converged network equipment types such as Session / Call Controllers (e.g. IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) or Call Agent / SIP Server), Media Gateways, Signalling Gateways, Feature Servers, Application Servers, Media Servers and Management Servers, Provisioning and Billing Interfaces. Core technologies include packet transmission technology, traffic engineering control protocol, technology which guarantees quality of service such as MPLS (Multi Protocol Label Switching), multi-party telecommunications technology such as realtime multicasting, session control technology, etc.
NGN are expected to provide new opportunities for a variety of developers such as applications, software components, products and system solutions. Several research companies estimated NGN markets will grow rapidly over the
* Студент кафедры «Связь».
* Студент кафедры «Связь».
" Старший преподаватель кафедры «Иностранные языки в инженерно-техническом образовании», аспирант кафедры «Общая психология».
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next few years. In our time NGN - this is more a marketing concept, but not a technology or standard. In fact, NGN-network - a common transport infrastructure on the basis of IP, which allows operators to offer integrated services based on different software platforms. At the same time in Russia and the CIS under the NGN usually involve the possibility of providing telephone services based on software SoftSwitch.
At present technology of NGN is popular in famous telecommunication companies. For example: Sonus had significant customer wins with leading Internet service providers. It extended leadership in core VoIP markets as measured by minutes of use - 15 billions minutes per month, representing 40 % of global VoIP minutes.
Cisco and Italtel joint solution platforms are deployed in production networks handling over 43,400 million minutes/month of live traffic (over 520 Billion Minutes/Year), with about 6.8 millions ports controlled by i-SSW. More than 26 customers have selected the Cisco and Italtel joint solutions in 15 different countries.
Siemens Surpass NGN overlay solutions offer best-in-class technology that reduces operational expenses and grows profits, lowering total cost of ownership. Surpass optimizes return on investment through feature richness, highperformance, scalable networking solutions.
Nortel next generation network business continuity solutions work with high-speed connections to mirror sites for added security, and redundancy. Business continuity and disaster recovery projects link offsite operations centers with central business district headquarters using high-speed networks.
Alcatel next generation networks (NGN) are positioned to implement voice over DSL products enable service providers to offer small office, home office and business customers a complete communications solution. High-speed data is offered plus up to 16 voice lines over a single DSL line.
Huawei is a strong participant in the voice-over-packet equipment market. Huawei has a 15 percent share of the market, with 1.98 million ports shipped in the first quarter, behind Nortel's 22.9 percent share, or 3.29 million shipments.
The new market entrants like Google in San Francisco and with Google Talk, Yahoo in Japan, E Bay with Skype, and Disney with initiatives to reach consumers directly with content are potential and real competitors to the incumbent service providers. Though the incumbent service providers may wish to preserve their existing investment, they are wrong. Market forces will make them move faster than they are comfortable to move to instantiate new network systems that are broadband and IP based.
So we can suggest that the systems need to scale; they need to manage media in combination with data and voice. The systems need to be leading edge. The systems need to incorporate the wireless component of the communications infrastructure.
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ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ РАЗВИТИЯ ИНФОРМАЦИОННЫХ ТЕХНОЛОГИЙ
Activities for technology development and standardization
In Europe, a coordinated effort was launched for the deployment of advanced communication technologies for the research and education community. For example, the GÉANT project, supported by the European Commission, was established in January 2001 for a period of 4 years to provide the research community with an advanced infrastructure for communication and collaboration.
Nowadays standardizations of NGN have reached the following results:
- ITU-T provides solid foundation by developing interoperable;
- standards for NGN;
- ITU-T Recommendations have since been made available;
- free for access to all;
- WRC 2012 to finalize Standards for IMT Advanced (Jan 2012);
- ITU Standardization Events in India;
- ITU-T IPR Workshop 19-20 Dec 2011, New Delhi;
- ITU-R WP5D, October 2011, Goa, India.
Prospects for the development in Russia
In Russia and the CIS commercially significant NGN-solutions emerged, especially at management level, because here there is the greatest continuity of competing architecture. Expanding the client base and the active consumption of broadband services dictate a very different requirements for processing power network operator. This is due to the modernization of the next NGN-networks.
In 2008 the company «MFI Soft» set 11 complexes RTU («The Russian telephone company») for multi-service network Effortel, RTU units installed on the network «Comstar UTS», «Rostelecom», «ArmenTel», «Tuck». The technological base of the platform MOUTH - is soft switches (SoftSwitch). Interaction with TDM networks through gateways VoIP-trunk (CMG), the connection of subscribers - subscribers through VoIP-Gateway (SMG).
One of the highlights, hindered the introduction of NGN-PSTN solutions, was a Russian law: the requirements for joining the network operators, the requirements for handling emergency calls and 112 service, as well as SORM.
But develop NGN in Russia wasn't so easy, one of the highlights, hindered the introduction of NGN-PSTN solutions, was a Russian law: the requirements for joining the network operators, the requirements for handling emergency
calls and 112 service, as well as SORM.
* * *
The analysis of the NGN expansion in different regions of the world shows significant differences across regions in terms of both market and regulatory developments. In Europe, the majority of operators have already migrated to NGN core networks, hoping to make some savings in the future. However,
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compared to Asia, the roll-out of FTTx in Europe has been much slower. In Europe, the main incentives to invest in fibre infrastructure have originated from the competitive pressure of alternative operators, but with relatively small, limited developments, rather than nationwide roll-outs. In response to the economic crisis, where operators are reducing their investments by postponing the launch of big projects, governments have begun to deploy incremental public infrastructure programs with an ICT focus. Therefore, in today's situation, the potential of alternative NGN access technologies should be considered as well.
Список литературы:
1. The Development of the Next Generation Network [Электронный ресурс] / J. Paul. - Kühn, 2005. - Режим доступа: http://www.ieee-im.org/2005/ PKKeynote.pdf.
2. Developments of Next Generation Networks ITU 2009 International Telecommunication Union (ITU) [Электронный ресурс]. - Geneva, 2009. - Режим доступа: http://www.itu.int/ITU-D/treg/Documentation/ITU-NGN09.pdf.
3. NGN implantation and implications [Электронный ресурс] // Sameer Sharma. - 2011. - Режим доступа: www.trai.gov.in/WriteReadData/trai/uplo-ad/misc/174/SameerITU%20Activities%20and%20Standadisation%20on%20NGN %20R1.pdf.
ОСНОВНЫЕ КОМПОНЕНТЫ УСТРОЙСТВ ИНТЕГРАЛЬНОЙ ФОТОНИКИ
© Андросик А.Б.*, Воробьев С.А.*, Мировицкая С.Д.*
Московский государственный открытый университет, г. Москва
В работе дан анализ основных составляющих устройств интегральной фотоники. Выделены базовые блоки, являющиеся основой более сложных интегрально-оптические устройств. Проанализированы требования, предъявляемые к компонентам этих устройств.
В интегральной фотонике есть некоторые основные компоненты, являющиеся общими для большинства интегрально-оптических устройств [1]. Хотя, в основном, все эти компоненты выполняют те же функции, что и соответствующие устройства в обычной оптике, механизм работы этих ком-
* Доцент кафедры Управления и информатики в технических системах, кандидат технических наук.
* Профессор кафедры Электронной техники, кандидат технических наук.
" Доцент кафедры Управления и информатики в технических системах, кандидат технических наук.
