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37THE DEVELOPMENT OF AGROTOURISM
Gavharshodbegim Saidova Malikakhon Shukurova
Student of KarSU Student of KarSU
ABSTRACT
This article discusses the origins of agro-tourism and its types, as well as recommendations for the development of this type of tourism.
Keywords: Agriculture, tourism industry, nature, farms, village, clean air, sunny days, summer
Agro-tourism is a field that is growing in popularity as producers try to diversify and increase profits. By combining agriculture and tourism, Agro-tourism offers new sources of revenue but also presents potential problems and legal complications to Agro-tourism operators.
Today, agro-tourism is experiencing a rise in popularity. Mankind is tired of the hectic life of megacities and strives back to nature. Clean air, natural products, historical places, cultural values all this helps citizens to take a break from the usual hustle and bustle, learn something new about the life of the hinterland, join folk traditions. However, not every person can leave civilization for the sake of moving to the village forever. Another thing is a vacation in the bosom of nature.
The World Tourism Organization has declared 2020 the Year of Ecological and Rural Tourism. In terms of popularity in European countries, this type of travel takes 2nd place after a beach holiday [1-12]. The trend began long before the coronavirus pandemic. Residents of large cities, accustomed to seeing high-rise buildings and millions of unfamiliar faces around them, are in a state of eternal stress. They want to be closer to nature, eat natural products, breathe clean air. All this can only be found in the villages.
Agro-tourism presents a unique opportunity to combine aspects of the tourism and agriculture industries to provide a number of financial, educational, and social benefits to tourists, producers, and communities. Agro-tourism gives producers an opportunity to generate additional income and an avenue for direct marketing to consumers. It enhances the tourism industry by increasing the volume of visitors to an area and the length of their stay. Agro-tourism also provides communities with the potential to increase their local tax bases and new employment opportunities. Additionally, Agro-tourism provides educational opportunities to the public, helps to preserve agricultural lands, and allows states to develop business enterprises. While Agro-tourism may create new potential revenue streams, it also presents new legal issues for farmers and landowners [13-20].
To see how grapes, grow, where sheep graze and how real cheese is made - for many city dwellers, all this is a real exotic. It is not surprising that every year more and more people are interested in agro-tourism. Residents of megacities leave to live on a farm, learn to care for horses and ostriches, understand forest mushrooms, milk cows and harvest olives, make sour cream and homemade wine on their own. The advantages are very tangible: a change of scenery, fresh air, new skills, and, importantly, all this can be arranged even for free.
Long agro tours are a rare story. As a rule, most tourists are limited to vacation or weekend tours. There are many offers on the market, both in Russia and abroad. All of them are very different in terms of program, as well as the level of comfort and, accordingly, the price. You can rent a villa in Tuscany and work in the local vineyards, or you can live in a country house for a nominal fee or even for free in exchange for help with the housework. Very often, under such conditions, the employee is also entitled to food at the master's table and even a certain amount for pocket expenses. As a rule, tourists are offered work that does not require special skills and does not pose a threat to health [21-30]. You will harvest, feed and care for animals, participate in the processes of making wine, cheese, butter, honey and other products, fish, if you wish, you can herd and shear sheep - there is a job in the farm for everyone.
The contract must specify the length of the working day. As a rule, it does not happen for more than 6 hours, and this is provided that you do not pay for housing and food. If you're paying rent, you'll likely only need to work 4 hours or less.
There are several organizations of Agro-tourism:
World Wide Opportunities on Organic Farms is the most popular volunteer agro-tourism organization. Go to the site, fill out a questionnaire, pay a fee of 40-55 USD, you are entered into the database and provided with several farms where they are ready to accept you. Then it remains only to choose the most suitable one, agree with the owner on the terms and conditions, and hit the road. Usually you don't have to pay anything else - the farmer will provide you with a roof over your head and food. WWOOF operates in 53 countries, it is almost impossible not to find anything interesting.
Help Exchange Also a global organization, the participation scheme is the same as in WWOOF, but unlike it, here you can get a job not only in farms, but also in schools, orphanages, churches and other organizations that need the help of additional workers.
Kibbutz Volunteer a kibbutz is an agricultural commune in Israel. There is always a lot of work here, and there are sorely lacking hands. There is a constant need to harvest, milk cows, take care of cattle, and so on. Visitors can sometimes get the most "dirty" work, like washing dishes, but this can be negotiated.
Rosagrotourism Russia also has its own organization for organizing recreation (and work) on farms. At the moment, most of the offers are houses for rent in different parts of the country, but among them there are those who offer to live on a real farm and teach how to milk goats or take care of bees. Benefits of Agro-tourism
The popularity of this direction is due to various reasons:
Excellent ecological environment. Farms are far from polluted areas, clean air is good for health.
Proximity to major cities. You can go on vacation for the weekend - you do not need to be far from home.
Low prices. This type of recreation is available to many tourists.
Lots of entertainment for adults and children. Each person will find something to
their liking: fishing, picking mushrooms and berries, visiting a bathhouse, various
excursions.
Currently, there are several main models of agro-tourism:
S The British model of agro-tourism is based on the cohabitation of farm owners and tourists. The main services provided under this model include horseback riding and walking, which is typical for ecotourism. Today, fishing has been added to the mandatory services. A novelty should be called the emergence of farms that provide historical tourism services of certain eras. S The German model of agro-tourism - the main thing - mutual work in the fields and the joint participation of tourists and owners in everyday life and farm work. In fact, two types of rural tourism are popular in Germany: directly farm tourism -living together and working in the field - and ethnotourism. German ethnotourism involves participation in all kinds of folk festivals and holidays, these are the famous beer festivals and the usual events to celebrate the village day. S The French model of agro-tourism - cooking and winemaking - is the main element. In this case, tourists are offered a separate house with a full menu of local cuisine, including cheeses, cognacs and wine drinks, of which there is a huge variety, given that each farmer has his own wine and brand. S The Italian model of agro-tourism is similar to the French model, but differs in its own flavor. In addition to the culinary direction, it includes entertainment programs, physical activity from sports, visits to historical sites. Italian tourists are expected to work in the vineyards - the collection and processing of grapes and the collection of olives. Living conditions are different: it can be a luxurious villa or a simple village house.
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