CC BY
19
Ibragimov Zokhid Abdivokhidovich, doctor of philosophy agriculture, doctoral student, Karshi engineering economic institute, Republic of Uzbekistan E-mail: ibragimov_zoxid@mail.ru
THE DEPENDENCE OF THE YIELD OF WINTER WHEAT WHEN WEED CONTROL BY CHEMICAL MEANS
Abstract: Abstract: The results of field experiments with the use of the herbicide Atlantis against weeds on the fields of winter wheat in the south of Uzbekistan are presented. The herbicide Atlantis is a sulfonylurea-based combination product that destroys both monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous weeds.
This article describes the terms and standards for the use of the herbicide Atlantis on the yield of winter wheat. The use of the herbicide Atlantis contributes to an increase in the yield of winter wheat grain at the expense of the norm up to 18.7 c/ha and due to the terms up to 11.8 c/ha.
Keywords: winter wheat, weeds, monocotyledonous and dicotyledons, Atlantis, chemical method, yield, grain.
Introduction sodium + 90 g/kg mefenpyr-diethyl. Mesosulfuron-methyl
In the conditions of the steppe zone of southern Uzbeki- sodium inhibits the activity of the enzyme acetolactate syn-stan, in winter wheat crops, methods have been developed to thetase, lethal destroys dicotyledonous weeds, at the same
time destroys monocotyledonous weeds. Iodosulfuron-meth-yl-sodium has a systemic effect against dicotyledonous weed plants on winter wheat crops. Mefenpyr-diethyl is an antidote that weakens the phytotoxic effects of herbicidal preparations including sulfonylureas in grain crops [3, 9-11].
In this regard, the effect of the herbicide Atlantis on monocotyledons and dicotyledonous weeds in winter wheat crops in the steppe zone of southern Uzbekistan was studied. Methods of research
Field experiments were conducted in 2015-2017 in the Kasan district of the Kashkadarya region in the south of Uzbekistan in quadruplicate. The herbicide Atlantis was applied for 3 terms (March 20, April 1, and April 10) in 4 variants (without herbicide and norm 250, 275, 300 g/ha) in a working solution of 300 l/ha.
Harvest data were carried out by mathematical processing according to the method of Dospekhov [1, 294-311] and Peregudov [4, 193-219]. Results and discussion
As the results of the research showed, the yield of winter wheat grain varies depending on the norm and timing of the use of the herbicide Atlantis against weeds (table 1).
control monocotyledonous weed plants with herbicides with the active ingredient fenoxaprop-P-ethyl + an antidote that, by inhibiting acetyl-Co-A-corbaxilase, destroys monocotyledonous weeds, stopping cell growth and division [5, 10-18].
Under these conditions, methods of combating dicotyledonous weed plants and herbicides with the active substance trebenuron-methyl have also been developed, which destroys dicotyledonous weeds by stopping the activity of the enzyme acetolactate cintase in winter wheat crops [2, 3-15].
However, the simultaneous control of monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous weed plants in winter wheat crops would be a profitable agrotechnological measure.
In this regard, it became necessary to select a herbicide, which in a single use destroys monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous weeds in winter wheat crops. The number of such herbicides is Atlantis 3.6% w.d.g. (manufacturer "Bayer CropScience" Germany), which the combined drug based on sulfonylurea is a selective herbicide for controlling monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous weeds in winter wheat crops [3, 9-11].
The active ingredient of Atlantis consists of 30 g/kg mesosulfuron-methyl sodium + 6 g/kg iodosulfuron-methyl
Table 1.- The dependence of the yield of winter wheat when weed control by chemical means
No Experience options Productivity. c/ha The difference from control. c/ha The difference from the term. c /ha
2015 year M ± m 2016 year M ± m 2017 yearM ± m Average
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
20 - March
1. Control (st) 40.3 ± 0.47 46.0 ± 0.67 42.9 ± 0.64 43.1 0 0
Section 9. Agricultural sciences
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
2. Atlantis 250 g/ha 43.2 ± 0.65 51.7 ± 0.42 46.8 ± 0.83 47.2 4.1 0
3. Atlantis 275 g/ha 45.3 ± 0.64 53.1 ± 0.61 48.6 ± 0.53 49.0 5.9 0
4. Atlantis 300 g/ha 46.5 ± 0.32 54.4 ± 0.78 50.6 ± 0.75 50.5 7.4 0
1 - April
5. Control (st) 39.4 ± 0.75 47.3 ± 0.61 43.2 ± 0.77 43.3 0 0.2
6. Atlantis 250 g/ha 48.6 ± 0.46 57.1 ± 0.57 52.7 ± 0.76 52.8 9.5 5.6
7. Atlantis 275 g/ha 50.6 ± 0.34 58.9 ± 0.59 54.3 ± 0.52 54.6 11.3 5.6
8. Atlantis 300 g/ha 52.8 ± 0.47 61.0 ± 0.65 55.7 ± 0.75 56.5 13.2 6.0
10 - April
9. Control (st) 40.7 ± 0.46 47.1 ± 0.56 43.0 ± 0.54 43.6 0 0.5
10. Atlantis 250 g/ha 54.8 ± 0.58 63.2 ± 0.62 58.2 ± 0.60 58.7 15.1 11.5
11. Atlantis 275 g/ha 56.9 ± 0.59 65.3 ± 0.39 60.3 ± 0.55 60.8 17.3 11.8
12. Atlantis 300 g/ha 58.4 ± 0.52 66.9 ± 0.61 61.6 ± 0.44 62.3 18.7 11.8
SSD05 = c/ha* Factor A (term) 0.73 0.99 1.05
SSD05 = c/ha Factor B (norm) 0.84 1.14 1.21
SSD05 = c/ha Factor AB 1.45 1.98 2.09
Note: *smallest significant differences for 5% significance level
When using the herbicide Atlantis on March 20 against weeds, the additional yield ofwinter wheat was from 4.1 c/ha to 7.4 c/ha, depending on the norm of the herbicide Atlantis.
Depending on the rate and timing of the use of the herbicide Atlantis against monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous weed plants, the yield of winter wheat grain naturally increases.
When using the herbicide Atlantis on April 1 against monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous weed plants, the grain yield of winter wheat was 52.8-56.5 c/ha, depending on the rate of use of the herbicide Atlantis, and the yield increased by 9.5-13.2 q/ha compared with the control option experience.
With the late term use of the herbicide Atlantis on April 10 at a rate of 250 g/ha against monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous weed plants, the yield of winter wheat grain was 58.7 c/ha, which is 15.1 c/ha above the control variant of the experiment. At an average rate of Atlantis of 275 g/ha, the grain yield was 60.8 c/ha and increased by 17.2 c/ha, and at
a rate of 300 g/ha, the yield was 62.3 c/ha and increased by 18.7 c/ha compared to the control variant of the experiment.
If we analyze the data obtained changes in grain yield, depending on the timing of the use of the herbicide Atlantis, the terms of application have a significant positive effect on the grain yield of winter wheat. When applying the herbicide on April 1, compared with the application on March 20, the yield increased by 5.6-6.0 c/ha, and when applied on April 10, this figure was 11.5-11.8 c/ha.
From this it follows that the yield of winter wheat grain depends not only on the rate of application of the herbicide Atlantis, but also on the timing of application.
Conclusions
The use of the herbicide Atlantis on the fields of winter wheat against monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous weeds are effective agricultural technologies, which contribute to an increase in grain yield due to the application rate of up to 18.7 c/ha. And due to the time of application it contributes to an increase in grain yield up to 11.8 c/ha.
References:
1. Dospekhov B. A. Methods of field experience // - M., Agropromizdat, 1985.- P. 294-311.
2. Ibragimov Z. A. Weed control with the technology of cultivation of two crops of grain per year // Auth. diss. on sos. uch. st.c.s./h.n. SAMSHI 1999.- 21 p.
3. Kasyanenko V Verdict for weeds // Courier Magazine - No. 1. 2012. - P. 9-11.
4. Scriabin F. A. Mathematical processing of yield data by the method of variation statistics // Methodology of field and vegetation experiments with cotton SoyuNIHI.-T. 1973.- P. 193-219.
5. Sulieva S. Kh. The influence of the use of herbicides against weed plants on the yield of winter wheat in the old irrigated lands of the Surkhandarya region // Authors. diss. on sos. uch. st.c.s./h.n.- Tashkent. 2009.- 22 p.
