CC BY
4
y^K 616.89
Muminov R.K.
Agranovskiy M.L.
Karimov A.Kh.
Azimova G.A. department of psychiatry and narcology Andijan State Medical Institute
THE DANGER OF CLOSE MARRIAGE HAS BEEN OVERVALUED
Abstract: Children born in closely related marriages with and without hereditary burdens have a high percentage of neuropsychiatric complications, while children born outside of a close relationship suffered from minor deviations due to perinatal factors.
Key words: children, mental disorders, closely related marriages, hereditary burden.
Relevance. Scientists from Northern Ireland claim that compared to the general population, children born in a marriage between cousins have a significantly increased risk of developing depression and schizophrenia[3].
The ban on closely related marriages (between blood relatives of the first line) goes back to ancient times. Such a ban dramatically reduces the likelihood of miscarriage, stillbirth and the development of hereditary diseases in the offspring[1]. On the other hand, marriages between cousins (fourth-line relatives) are not uncommon in many countries - but children from such marriages face an increased risk of developing mental illnesses in adulthood[2].
In European countries, marriages between cousins are not very rare, however, according to researchers from Queen's University Belfast, clinical depression and schizophrenia are more often observed among children born in a marriage union of "cousins" and "cousins" [4].
The authors of the article, published on April 4 in the online journal JAMA Psychiatry, analyzed data on the health status of living citizens of Northern Ireland who were born between 1971 and 1986.
In the cohort of 363,960 people, 0.2% were children born in related marriages[3].
After taking into account other risk factors, scientists found that, compared with the general population, children of cousins were much more likely to take antidepressants and drugs for the treatment of increased anxiety (35.8% in the study group and 26.0% in the general population)[2].
In addition, children of cousins and cousins were more often prescribed antipsychotic drugs (antipsychotics were taken by 8.5% of the offspring of related marriages and 2.7% of the general population of the corresponding age).
Scientists from Belfast determined that, compared with the general population, the risk of developing schizophrenia in the offspring of marriages
between cousins was 2 times higher, and the probability of developing depression in children born in such related marriages increased by 3 times[4].
At the same time, the researchers did not find an increased risk of developing depression and schizophrenia in children born in marriages between second cousins.
The purpose of the study. Analysis of the modern scientific base on the problem of related marriages, assessment of their impact on the development of a particular pathology in children.
Materials and methods of research. From among the patients registered in the Andijan Regional Neuropsychiatric Dispensary (AOPND), 100 children born in closely related marriages aged from 3 to 15 years were selected. Of these, 47 are boys and 53 are girls.
The first group of examined children consisted of 52 children from families from closely related marriages with hereditary burden.
Group II - 48 children from families from closely related marriages without hereditary burden.
The control group consisted of 50 children whose parents were not related and did not have a hereditary burden of mental illnesses. The group was selected based on a 10% representative sample using random numbers
The results of the study. Mental disorders were noted in all children in the form of mental retardation, the presence of convulsive seizures, affective disorders, behavioral pathology, signs of organic brain damage, expressed in neurological deficits of varying severity
When examining children in thematic patients of the I group in the presence of related marriages and hereditary burden, the following mental disorders were revealed: the largest percentage is mental retardation of various degrees of severity - 52%, the second most common pathology is epilepsy and non-epileptic seizures-19%, behavioral disorders were observed in 15% of cases, children with organic damage to the central nervous system accounted for 14% of cases.
The mental disorders of the patients of the second group differed from the first group by the prevalence of convulsive syndromes and epilepsy (46%), as well as organic brain damage (28%), in the 3rd and 4th places, respectively, mental retardation (16%) and behavioral pathology (10%).
When examining children of the control group, the following mental disorders were revealed: mental retardation (ZPR)-40%, minimal brain dysfunction (MMD)-36%, mental retardation-3%, convulsive syndromes and epilepsy-9%, behavior disorder-2%, organic damage to the central nervous system-10%.
In the examination of children of the control group, the leading positions are occupied by ZPR (38%) and MMD (36%). In second place are organic brain lesions (10%) and epilepsy (10%). The lowest percentage is occupied by mental retardation (4%) and behavioral pathology (2%). It should be particularly noted that the children of the I and the second groups have no nosologies of MMD and ZPR.
Thus, in children born in closely related marriages with hereditary burden, mental retardation is most often found. Epileptic syndrome is the leader in children born from closely related marriages without hereditary pathology, often against the background of organic damage to the central nervous system. In children born out of closely related marriages and without hereditary burden, minimal brain dysfunction and mental retardation prevail.
Conclusion. Despite a number of positive social and economic aspects of related marriages, from the point of view of genetics and medicine, it is necessary to take into account the negative impact of consanguineous marriages, which consists in an increased genetic risk for offspring and a high frequency of congenital pathology in newborns. An assessment of the socio-demographic aspects of closely related marriages shows that their wider spread is in many cases due to the poor economic situation, lack of education and low level of social security.
References:
1. Panakhian V. M. System of prevention and early detection of congenital malformations and hereditary diseases in otorhinolaryngology / / Journal of ear, nose and throat diseases. 2008. No. 6. pp. 32-36.
2. Kholmatov I. B., Ochilzoda A. A. Hearing loss on the basis of related marriage as a factor of hereditary disease (literature review) // Bulletin of the KSMU named after I. K. Akhunbayev. 2014. No. 3 (Appendix 1). pp. 21-27.
3. Islam M. M. The influence of consanguineous marriage on reproductive behavior, adverse pregnancy outcomes and offspring mortality in Oman / / Annals of Human Biology. 2013. Volume 40, No. 3. pp. 243-255.
4. Nuri N.-S., Nuri N.-H., Tirgar S., etc. Consanguineous marriages in the centers of genetic counseling in Isfahan and ethical issues of clinical consultations / / Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine. 2017. Volume 10. pp. 1-10.
