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THE CONCEPT "MAN" IN CH. AITMATOV'S FICTION PROSE
Z.Kh. Satkeeva, Lecturer N.Y. Ryskulova, Lecturer Medetbek kyzy Sezimgul, Lecturer Ch.B. Ashimova, Graduate Student Osh State University (Kyrgyzstan, Osh)
DOI:10.24412/2500-1000-2023-12-4-116-118
Abstract. Interest in the works of Chingiz Aitmatov began in the distant past. A century has passed, but the interest in the works of the great writer has not waned. During this period, not only in Kyrgyz, but also in world literature, Ch. Aitmatov has become an object of research, interest in him is spreading in all fields of science. The article studies the concept of "Man" in the works of the author, highlights the main qualities that the characters in different works possess in order to be called "man".
Keywords: man, humanism, prose fiction, dignity, love, honor, motherland, personal traits, concept, picture of the world.
Artistic prose is a system of linguistic means expressing the author's ideas about the world. On the basis of personal cognitive experience, conceptual structures are formed in the writer's consciousness, reflecting individual-author's knowledge of the world and finding their expression in the textual space.
The analysis of artistic texts allows to reveal the peculiarities of the conceptual system of this or that writer, which is an integral part of the collective experience of cognition of the world. The study of works by recognized masters of words is important for studying the conceptual spheres of any language, in which the results of the individual experience of cognition of this or that writer are recorded.
The specific feature of a human being as a biological being in the class of mammals is that he walks upright, his hands are adapted to work, he has the highest level of developed brain, he is a social social being, and at the same time he has consciousness and objectively reflects the world for his own interests and able to reshape the environment according to needs.
Individuality is the specific characteristic of each person. The difference between a person and himself is his individuality. Individuality is also distinguished in the intellectual, emotional and volitional spheres.
The formation of personality is influenced by activity, play, study, work activities, communication, society, education and environment. The structure of personality includes a person's individual mental characteristics, cognitive processes, character, temperament, abilities. Social, biological, natural, psychological, educational and labor activities are the main factors of personality formation in all aspects [1].
The works of the great Kyrgyz writer Chingiz Aitmatov have been translated into almost all languages of the world. According to the results of surveys he became one of the most read writers in the world. The main attractive force of Chingiz Aitmatov's work is that it is permeated with the problem of humanism, the problem of man, his understanding of the essence of Good and Evil, the attitude to the eternal struggle between these forces. The writer raises the problems so exciting to all who inhabit our common home -Earth, and so relevant at all times. Good and Evil, Life and Death, Love and Hate, Honor and Dishonor, Memory and Oblivion - with these important problems, as we know, meet people regardless of time, social structure, nationality and religion.
Who is a human being, what features should he possess, what values should he serve in order to have the right to be called by the proud word Man? The writer seeks to give
an answer to these burning, universal questions in each of his works, starting with small stories of the 60's and ending with a large novel "When Mountains Fall. The Eternal Bride", which became the last in his work. What attracts attention is that Aitmatov reveals all these serious and important problems on the material of his native Kyrgyz reality. Although he wrote mainly in Russian, the spirit of his native people and Kyrgyz life was felt at all levels of his works and in their artistic specifics.
Aitmatov believes that a man in the full sense of the word can be called someone who is [2]:
- Honest and pure
- Open to everything good in the world
- Devoted to the people and the motherland
- Who knows how to love selflessly
Such a person cannot be indifferent to other people's grief, does not accepts evil, rejects it, he will not compromise his conscience to achieve his own selfish goals,
The main features of Ch. Aitmatov's creativity are inseparably connected with his personality. It seems that the question: "How can a man be a man?" the most correct answer gives life path, life position of the writer. Aitmatov's strength lay in the fact that he re-
he will fight injustice to the end, to follow his ideals even at the cost of his own life. Such are the heroes of his works - Duyshon ("The First Teacher"), Tanabai ("Farewell, Gulsary") and others. The high skill and greatness of Chingiz Aitmatov was in the that the fate of his heroes caused empathy of the reader, made him think on the meaning of life.
Man in the works of Ch. Aitmatov is sensitive to beauty, capable of sincere, self-confident love, capable of appreciating good and doing good. The combination of these qualities we see in many characters, who embody the ideal of the writer, which he brings to the reader through various artistic means, and one of the most important, in our opinion, is the extensive use of folklore motifs [3].
Let's talk about two well-known works of the writer. We analyzed humanity characters in his works [4].
mained true to his own opinion and did not live by other people's ideas imposed on him.
Civil feelings, extended not only to his own people, to the fate of the country, but also to the whole of humanity - to this Aitma-tov went through his whole life, through the steps of his famous novels and novellas. In
Works Characters Exemplary traits What qualities does it educate?
Milky Way Tolgonai Compassion, courage, love for the country. The boundlessness of Mother care, hei clear attitude towards her daughter-in-law and granddaughter. Respect for people, good faith, fair and correct upbringing, patriotism towards the children of soldiers Compassion, courage, heroism, love of country, motherly love, sacred relationship, national culture, military education, which is the future of the people, love of nature, ability to appreciate a person as a person, hard work, patriotism.
Maisalbek Patriotism, courage, respect for the mother, putting the interests of the country above one's own interests, respect for the teaching profession. To love the motherland, courage, kindness, the formation of exemplary human qualities, to prioritize military duty, to respect the mother, to value the position of the teacher, to be faithful, to put the homeland above one's own interests.
Jainak Patriotic, kind, even though he was young, he went to the army and devoted his life to his homeland. To patriotism, to take responsibility for the motherland
White ship Momun Humanity, faithfulness, kindness, warm and loving attitude towards children, appreciation of ecology, humanity, quality, hard work, correct and clean treatment of people. Educates humanity, faith, kindness, love of nature, protection of animals.
Bala Compassionate, honest, trusting, appreciates nature, clean as white paper, childish purity. To be kind, to be innocent like a baby, to appreciate nature, to respect the elders, to protect the family.
the process of his creative development cluded in his works and joy and grief. Aitma-Aitmatov managed to preserve his writer sov- tov confirmed the position of realism, realism ereignty [5]. He did not become at the service without any distorting slogans. of the fulfillment of writer's tasks outlined by Love for man, for his hero and praising the
political leaders. He did not strive for easily good intentions and qualities of man is the achievable pseudo-successes, to false bril- main message of each work of Ch. Aitmatov. liance.He depicted reality, the life that created It is for this, already in his lifetime earned the the people, his struggle and suffering.He in- right to be called a classic of literature.
References
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2. Tarbeeva N.M. Linguo-cognitive analysis of the concept "work" on the basis of stable expressions of the French, Persian and Russian languages // Izvestia of the Volgograd State Pedagogical University. - 2018. - № 8. Vol. 131. - P. 145-148.
3. Ismailova B.T. Chingiz Aitmatov - artist of humanity and nature // International Journal of Experimental Education. - 2021. - № 3. - C. 61-65. - URL: https://expeducation.ru/ru/article/view?id=12042 (date of reference: 21.12.2023).
4. Tazhibaeva Zh.K. The problem of personality formation in the works of Ch. Aitmatov / Zh.K. Tazhibayeva // Teaching language and literature. - 2016. - №5. - P. 62-65.
5. Pimenova M.V.V., Alaeva S.A. Realization of the conceptual signs of the macroconcept man in the works of Ch.T. Aitmatov // Humanitarian Vector. - 2019. - T. 14, № 1. - C. 73-80. DOI: 10.21209/1996-7853-2019-141-73-80.
КОНЦЕПТ «ЧЕЛОВЕК» В ХУДОЖЕСТВЕННОЙ ПРОЗЕ Ч. АЙТМАТОВА
3.Х. Саткеева, преподаватель Н.Ы. Рыскулова, преподаватель Медетбек кызы Сезимгул, преподаватель
4.Б. Ашимова, магистрант Ошский государственный университет (Кыргызстан, г. Ош)
Аннотация. Интерес к творчеству Чынгыза Айтматова зародился в далеком прошлом. Прошло столетие, но интерес к творчеству великого писателя не ослабевает. За это время не только в кыргызской, но и в мировой литературе Ч. Айтматов стал объектом исследования, интерес к нему распространяется во всех областях науки. В статье исследуется понятие «человек» в произведениях автора, выделяются основные качества, которыми обладают герои разных произведений, чтобы называться «человеком».
Ключевые слова: человек, гуманизм, художественная проза, достоинство, любовь, честь, родина, личностные черты, концепт, картина мира.
