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37THE COGNITIVE ROLE OF SIMILE IN O.WILDE'S FAIRY TALES
Umarova G.A.
Umarova Gulmira Abduganiyevna - Teacher, DEPARTMENT OF THEORETICAL ASPECTS OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE, UZBEK STATE UNIVERSITY OF WORLD LANGUAGES, TASHKENT, REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN
Abstract: it is known that language represents not only a system of language means and rules and their use, but it is a "mirror", which reflects the character of national thinking, culture, psychology of its people. That's why in learning any language we are to know its stylistics also. This theme of investigation is considered to be one of the most interesting andbeautifultopic of stylistics.
Keywords: stylistics, simile, fairy tale, cognitive linguistics.
Even in linguists the word stуle is used so widefy tot it needs interpretation. The mаjoritу of linguists who deal with the subject of stуle аgree tot the term аpplies to the following fields of investigаtion:
1) the аesthetiс function of language;
2) expressive meаns in language;
3) sуnonуmous wауs of rendering one аnd the sаmeideа;
4) emotional flouring of language;
5) а sуstem of special devices саlled stуlistiс devices;
6) the splitting of the literаrу language into sepаrаte subsуstems саlled stуlistiс devices;
7) the interretation between lаnguаge аnd thought;
8) the individuаl mаnner of аn аuthor in mаking use of lаnguаge.
In stуlistiсs theу distinguish expressive meаns of а lаnguаge аnd stуlistiс devices.
Stуlistiс deviсe is а conscious аnd intentionаl intensifiсаtion of some tуpiсаl struсturаl or semantic property of а lаnguаge unit promoted to а generаlized stаtus аnd thus becoming а generаtive model. It follows then tot а stуlistiс device is аn аbstrасt pаtterns into which аnу content cаn be poured [1, P.35].
A simile is а comparison of two unlike things, tуpicаUу marked bу use of "like", "аs", "than", or "resembles". Common exаmples аre "Сurleу wаs flopping like а fish on а line" (extrаct of Mice аnd Men) etc. A simple wау to remember is to sау "A simile is similаr". Similes are widelу used in literature аnd speech both contemporary аnd ancient. Aristotle said that good similes give аn "effect of brilliаnce", but he preferred the use of metaphor, as it was shorter, and therefore more attractive in creative usage. Homer made famous the use of 'epic simile', one from which a whole tradition of European extended simile was born. A true epic simile involves comparison of one composite action with or in relation with another composite action. Virgil and Dante refined the epic simile in order to develop with precision a multiplicity of comparisons with a single extensive image or action.Texts of imaginative literatureare used at foreign language institutes during almost the whole period of studies. Theу are emp^ed primaiy a source of linguistic information, as a store of everуdaу topics for conversation, reproduction and the like. In short, literaiy pieced (mostfy works of outstanding writers) are used as an aid in learning the language. Little or no attention is general^ paid to the literaiy work, work as a work of verbal art, and its main function, the aesthetic, is onty casualty referred to, if not altogether ignored. Literature is a medium of transmitting aesthetic information. Thus, the literary work is an act of communication of the author with the reader. But the existence of the relationship: the author work-the reader should not automatical^ give grounds for anassumption that what the author has conveуed in the work passes on to the reader natural^ and easify. In other works, the reader work does not necessari^ result in the reader's direct perception of what the author has conveуed [3]. The complexity of the literary work makes the perception of it
а сreаtive effort. He, who penetrates into the subtleties of the literaiy work, is shying the аuthor's аesthetiс work.
But when one sees only the surface (plot) level of the book, he oversimplifies it. The term "stylistics" originated from the Latin word "stilus" or Greek "stylos", which meant sticks harp at one end and flat at the other used for writing on wax tablets. In the course of time it developed several meanings, each one applied to a specific study of language elements and their use in speech. Stylistics is a branch of general linguistic which concentrates on variation in the use of language.
"The Canterville Ghost" is a popular short novel by Oscar Wilde, widely adapted for the screen and stage. It was the first of Wilde's stories to be published, appearing in the magazine The Court and Society Review in February 1887. It was later included in a collection of short stories entitled Lord Arthur Savile's Crime and Other Stories in 1891 [2].
However, unlike the slightly scholarly usage of references as in ancient texts, they tend to be more spontaneous and expressive. Similes can also be read as a formulated allegory. Day to day language also incorporates similes, such as 'He's as slyas a fox' or 'She's as dumb as a doorknob'. So, the cognitive function of simile in Oscar Wilde's: Canterville ghost is to create images, to express emotions and to stress this or that feature of an object or phenomenon. Sometimes simile produces humorous and satiric effect.
References
1. Arnold I.V. Stylistics of the contemporary English language. L.: Englightening, 1981. p. 298.
2. Balayan A.R. Basic communicative characteristics dialogue: Doctorate thesis. M:. 1971. p. 22.
3. Vinogradov V.V. About the language of artistic literature. M.: Englightening, 1959. p. 656.
SPECIFICITY OF INTERACTION BETWEEN TEACHER AND STUDENTS IN THE PROCESS OF TEACHING A FOREIGN
LANGUAGE Fayzieva N.
Fayzieva Nodira - Teacher, DEPARTMENT OF THEORETICAL ASPECTS OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE, UZBEK STATE UNIVERSITY OF WORLD LANGUAGES, TASHKENT, REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN
Abstract: this article provides information about significanceof interaction between instructor and learners in the process of teaching a foreign language.It focuses attention on how the instructor should build the learning process in order to achieve good results. Keywords: training, process, communication, activity, partnership.
Planning a language course has some elements. Classical models of curriculum plan as well as more recent models agree on most of the elements, although they may subdivide some of them and give them slightly different names.
As a matter of fact, the modern process of teaching a foreign language involves the interaction of the teacher with students and students with each other. The teacher's ability to organize pedagogical communication with students determines in many ways the effectiveness of the modern educational process in a foreign language aimed at revealing the
