40THE ANALYSIS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF GAS CYLINDER SUPPLY
SYSTEM
Nurmuhammad Odilov
Department of "Vehicle Engineering" Jizzakh Polytechnic Institute E-mail: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
This article analyzes the process of improving the supply system of gas cylinder cars. It is based on the types of state-of-the-art gas cylinder equipment currently installed in engines and the structure, principle of operation and environmental and economic efficiency indicators of the universal fuel supply system.
Keywords: automobile, engine, ecology, safety, power, efficiency, natural gas fuel, gas cylinder equipment, universal supply system.
INTRODUCTION
It is known that road transport plays an important role in the development of the country's economy. To further stabilize the economy, it is necessary to increase and improve the production structure of cars that emit less harmful substances into the environment, as well as high fuel efficiency. Today, low-cost natural gas engines are widely used in modern urban vehicles. It uses natural, industrial and synthetic gases in compressed or liquefied state. Because natural gas, which is used as a motor fuel, has many advantages over petroleum products. In their usage, high technical and economic performance of the engine is achieved, because natural gas has very good antidetonetic properties, the property of forming a mixture with air is very good. When the engine is running on gaseous fuel, the mixture burns almost completely and the environment is less polluted as the toxicity of the exhaust gases is much lower. As a result, about 70-80% of cars in the country run on natural gas.
Compressed natural gas is normally gaseous at any pressure and contains mainly methane and hydrogen. The use of gases eliminates the washing of the oil film from the walls of the pistons and sleeves, reduces the formation of dryness in the combustion chambers, the oil in the walls of the cylinder liners does not burn due to the absence of gasoline vapors, resulting in engine life and oil change period 1.5 -2 times longer. The use of gaseous fuel reduces the total amount of harmful carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide and hydrocarbons in the exhaust gases emitted from the engine [3].
The toxicity of the exhaust gases is 3 times less than when working with gasoline
when burning gaseous fuel, the level of noise from the engine when choosing the right operating mode is low, and this is especially important in urban conditions. Therefore, a lot of work is being done to convert cars to gas and improve gas cylinder equipment [12].
LITERATURE REVIEW AND METHODOLOGY
The world's leading scientists and researchers have done a lot to improve the transition of vehicles to gas, as well as to improve the supply system of cars running on gas.
In our country, too, there are a number of normative and legal documents on the organization of safe operation of cars with gas cylinders, which set special requirements. Including:
Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan No. 30 of February 10, 2007 sets out strategic directions for the conversion of vehicles of individuals and legal entities in the country for liquefied and compressed gas for the period 2007-2012, as well as for the construction of liquefied and compressed gas supply stations [1].
Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan No. 815 of October 11, 2017 has approved additional measures to develop a network of compressor stations for gas filling of vehicles and the gradual transfer of vehicles to compressed natural gas, as well as to ensure the safe operation of gas cylinder equipment.The resolution outlines additional measures to develop a network of gas filling compressor stations to ensure the safe operation and improvement of gas cylinder equipment [2].
K.M. Siddiknazarov and U.V. Ahmedovs' book on the topic "Motor transport of Uzbekistan in the past and the years of independence" was dedicated to this sphere.This book contains information on motor transport and ecology, the emergence of motor transport, motor transport of Uzbekistan until the years of independence [3].
N.G. Pevnev, A.P. Yelgin, L.N. Bukharov wrote "Technical operation of gas cylinders". This book provides information on the use of gas-cylinder vehicles and the use of gas fuel as a fuel for automobiles [4].
Panov Yu.V's book is "Installation and operation of gas cylinders for automobiles" [5]. This manual provides information on the methods and equipment for installing gas cylinder equipment in cars [11].
B.I. Bazarov's dissertation "Scientific basis of energy and ecological efficiency
of the use of alternative fuels" provides and substantiates the ecological efficiency of the use of alternative fuels for vehicles [6].
The information presented in the article is analyzed using the results of research conducted by scientists working in this field and the necessary scientific and technical information obtained through Internet sites.
RESULTS
The number of vehicles running on natural gas in the country is growing year by year, and various types of vehicles, such as heavy-duty vehicles, adapted for agricultural work and special work are also used for gas [9]. Below are the statistics of legal entities and individuals on the conversion of vehicles to compressed natural gas in 2017-2019 (Table 1).
Statistics of legal entities and individuals on conversion of vehicles to compressed natural gas
(2017-2019)
Table 1
№ Names of regions 2017 2018 2019 Total for 2017 - 2019
legal entities individu als legal entities individu als legal entities individua ls legal entities individu als
1. Republic of Karakalpakstan 1 035 8 280 2 624 15 998 838 16 750 4 496 41 028
2. Andijan region 972 2 898 2 253 5 759 3 350 9 213 6 575 17 870
3. Bukhararegion 1 242 12 420 2 880 28 796 1 843 29 313 5 964 70 528
4. Jizzakh region 212 1 408 491 2 560 754 4 188 1 457 8 155
5. Kashkadarya region 1 656 12 834 4 159 27 516 838 31 825 6 653 72 175
6. Navoiy region 1 035 3 726 2 560 7 679 1 089 13 400 4 683 24 805
7. Namangan region 1 035 4 140 2 240 9 599 1 591 11 306 4 866 25 045
8. Samarkandregion 1 321 18 630 2 560 38 394 1 843 49 413 5 723 106 437
9. Surkhandaryareg ion 1 035 7 411 2 240 12 798 1 424 19 430 4 698 39 639
10. Syrdaryaregion 281 828 651 1 280 1 424 419 2 356 2 527
11. Tashkent region 1 656 10 764 3 839 19 197 1 675 33 500 7 170 63 461
12. Fergana region 1 656 13 662 4 159 25 596 1 508 64 488 7 323 103 746
13. Khorazm region 952 5 796 1 920 8 319 1 843 31 825 4 714 45 940
14. Tashkent city 6 210 26 910 12 798 51 192 2 596 12 730 21 604 90 832
Across the country 20 298 129 706 45 373 254 680 22 613 327 798 88 283 712 184
TOTAL 150 004 300 054 350 ) 410 800 467
The operation of the supply system of gas-powered engines was studied and the causes of their failures were analyzed. As a result of these analyzes, it became clear that 85% of their faults were with the gas dispenser, 5% with the gas cylinder valve, 4% with the solenoid valve, 3% with the gas reducer and 3% with other types of faults [8].
The growing number of vehicles running on compressed natural gas, in turn, requires the improvement of their fuel supply system.
The conversion of modern injector engines to gaseous fuel is carried out in two ways. The first method is to equip a standard injector engine with gas cylinder devices and create a gas modification of it. In this case, the engine will be able to run on both gasoline and gas. At the same time, when the engine reaches full power in gasoline, the power decreases slightly in gas. The second method is to create a special gas engine that reaches full power on gaseous fuel. The efficiency of such engines is significantly improved due to the increased compression ratio and the installation of a gas mixer [7].
The operating cycle of a gas engine is almost no different from that of a gasoline engine.
Currently, gas appliances installed on gas-powered cars can be divided into the following 4 generations:
1st generation gas cylinder equipments.The first generation of gas cylinder equipment appeared in the 1970s, and it was designed for carburetor engines.To date, this generation of equipment is considered obsolete, so manufacturers have moved to modern versions of gas equipment.
2nd generation gas cylinder equipments. Carburetor engines were replaced with injector engines, and manufacturers initially tried to adapt gas equipment to new injector vehicles without changing the design. Second-generation gas appliances work the same as Generation 1, but have been replaced by a solenoid valve instead of a vacuum valve. The solenoid valve allows you to switch from one fuel type to another using the button to select the desired type of fuel.
3rd generation gas cylinder equipments. It started with the emergence of
serious changes in the operation of gas appliances in cars. The main difference of the 3rd generation GA from previous generations was the emergence of an electronic system for controlling and adjusting the fuel supply. This generation of equipment is installed in cars equipped with an electronic control unit and controlled by an electronic control unit, which has resulted in reduced fuel consumption and increased efficiency, as well as reduced emissions.
4th generation gas cylinder equipments. It is the most common version of gas appliances today (90 percent of car owners prefer this system). Despite its relatively simple structure, it has excellent technical properties. A distinctive feature of this generation from the previous ones is the presence of an injector for each cylinder, which provides the gas mixture required for high-power operation of the engine. The operation of the separate injectors is controlled by an electronic control unit and is called a universal supply system. This gas appliance ensures high engine efficiency (up to 50%) with low power loss.
DISCUSSIONS
Today, the fuel supply system for gas-powered cars is much improved, and cars are equipped with several modern types of gas equipment. To increase the power of gaseous engines, it is necessary to switch their supply system to a universal or combined supply system.
In general, gas-powered engine supply systems are designed to run on a single fuel and several (usually two) fuels. Single-fuel supply systems run on only one type of fuel, such as gas, gasoline, or diesel. In turn, a supply system operating on several fuel types is divided into universal (scheme "or") and combined (scheme "and") types according to the methods of using different types of fuel [10].The operation scheme and principle scheme of the universal gas supply system are as follows (Figure 1).
1 - "Gasoline-Gas" conductor 2 - benzo pump relay; 3 - benzo pump; 4 - fuel filter; 5 - gasoline bank; 6 - pressure regulator; 7 - electronic control unit; 8 - injector relay; 9 - air filter housing; 10 - safety valve; 11 - ignition key; 12 - electronic block; 13 - gas dispenser; 14 - low pressure reducer; 15 - solenoid valve-filter; 16 - coolant temperature sensor; 17 - gas mixer; 18 - salt processing valve; 19 - detonation sensor; 20 - lambda-probe; 21 - gasoline injectors; 22 - air temperature sensor; 23 -drossel zaslonkasi; 24 - throttle valve status sensor; 25 - air flow meter.
Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a universal supply system.
The following are the advantages of a universal supply system (Figure2).
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Minimum fuel consumption
Minimum power loss of the engine
Automatic switching from one fuel to another
Low emissions
Engine operation without detonation
Accuracy and optimality of the amount of gas supply in different operating modes of the engine
Figure 2. Advantages of a universal supply system. Academic Research, Uzbekistan 431
CONCLUSION
This supply provides the system with the gas mixture needed to run the engine at high power. Installation of gas equipment with a universal and combined supply system will increase engine power, distribute the fuel mixture evenly for each cylinder, reduce fuel consumption due to the accuracy of the fuel transfer dose, and release toxic gases into the environment,which leads to a decrease in the volume, improvement of the dynamic properties of the engine (vehicle), reliable start of the engine and rapid achievement of the normal operating mode of the engine. Improvement of the automotive industry in the country will result in a fourfold reduction in harmful gases and 70% savings in oil products.
In order to achieve high efficiency and reduce the amount of toxic gases emitted into the air, it is advisable to equip cars with gas equipment operating in a modern universal and combined supply system to ensure a high level of engine power.
REFERENCES
1. Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan No. 30 of February 10, 2017
2. Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan No. 815 of October 11, 2017.
3. Siddiqnazarov Q.M., Akhmedov U.V. "Motor transport of Uzbekistan in the past and in the years of independence." Tashkent Islamic University: 2001, 272 pages.
4. "Technical operation of gas cylinders". N.G. Pevnev, A.P. Elgin, L.N. Buxarov. Omsk: Izd-vo SibADI, 2010.- 202 p.
5. Panov Yu.V. "Installation and operation of gas cylinders for cars." Yu.V.Panov. M.: Izd. Center "Academy" 2006. 160 p.
6. Bazarov B.I. "Scientific basis of energy and ecological efficiency of the use of alternative motor vehicles" Diss... dok techn. Nauk. - Tashkent: TADI, 2006-215 p.
7. Akhmetov L.A., Ivanov V.I., Eroxov V.I. "Economic efficiency and operational quality of gas-cylinder cars." -T.: Uzbekistan, 1984. 198 pages.
8. Hamroqulov O., Magdiev SH. "Technical operation of cars." T.: Toshkent, 2005.
9. Odilov N.E. "Improving the design of gas filling stations for cars on the basis of safety rules" Scientific and Technical Journal "Problems of Architecture and Construction". Samarkand: 2020, issue №2
10. Odilov N.E. Proceedings of the Republican scientific-practical conference "Assessment of the effectiveness of the universal system of gas cylinders" "Achievements of women in the development of science, education, culture and innovative technologies", Jizzakh Polytechnic Institute May 15-16, 2020. pp. 366-369.
11. Адилов, О. К., Умиров, И. И., & Уразов, Б. А. (2020). Методика определения деталей, критических по надежности автомобилей. Academic research in educational sciences, (1).
12. Умиров, И. И., & Хдмракулов, Ё. М. (2020). Автомобиллардан чи^аётган газсимон чщиндиларнинг атмосферага аралашиши. Academic research in educational sciences, (1).
13. Нуруллаев, У. А., & Умиров, И. И. (2020). Создание программных средств автоматизированной информационной системы транспортных предприятий. Academic research in educational sciences, (1).
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