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Parpiyev Azimjan, doctor of technical sciences, professor, Tashkent institute of textile and light industry E-mail: leon24@mail.ru Navruzov Nodir, research associate - the competitor, Tashkent institute of textile and light industry E-mail: nnavruzov86@gmail.com
THE ANALYSIS OF RESIDUAL FIBRATION OF SEEDS AFTER SAW GINNING
Abstract: In article are given the results of comparison tests of gins of different designs.It is analyzed the residual fibration of ginning seeds. It is established that not the full ginnng of seeds in saw gins. Single-chamber saw gins have much less residual fibration than in two-chamber gins.
Keywords: ginning, cotton-seed, fiber, seed, saw gin, working chamber, the flat end seed, the narrow end seed.
Introduction: Analyses of the conducted researches American companies "Lummus Cotton Gin Co.", "Moss
of the last decade in the field of a saw ginning of cotton- Gordin Co.", "Hardwicke-Etter Co.", "The Murray Co." pro-
raw of foreign countries (the USA, China, India, etc.) and duce two-chamber gins with brush removal of fiber with dif-
in Uzbekistan showed that development of a saw ginning ferent diameters of saws.
went on the way of improvement of separate elements of saw The Shandong Chinese-American firm (together with
gin design in particular of the working chamber, a grid-iron Continental Eagle USA) "Swan" on production of the cotton-
grid, the accelerator of rotation of the adobe roller, devices processing equipment releases 80-saw, 96-saw, 139-saw and
for exiting of the bared seeds from the middle of the adobe 171-saw two-chamber gins.
roller, etc. and also in the direction of increase quantity of Now in Uzbekistan is produced single-chamber 130 - saw
saws on a shaft. gins brand 5DP-130 with air removal of fiber.
Table 1. Main indicators of operating gin
№ indices Company name 5DP-130 Gin CO. "Lebed"
Lummus Cotton Gin Co. Moss Gordin Co. Hardwick Etter Co. The Murray Co.
1. Productivity kg/mach. hour 1500 1250 1200 950 1250 18002300
2. Gin type Two-cameras. Two-cameras. Two-cameras. Two-cameras. One-cameras. Two-cameras.
3. Fiber cutting from saw teeth brush brush brush brush air brush
4. Number of saw blades in the working chamber 1 1 2 1 1 1
5. Diameter of the saw cylinder, mm. 305 407 305/286 547 320 420
6. Rotational speed of the saw cylinder 830 700 650/695 545 730 620
7. Number of saws on the shaft 170 161 252/252 142 130 171
8. distance, Between sawing mm. 19.4 19.4 19.4 19.4 18 17
9. The protrusion was drunk in the working chamber, mm 40 42 61/24 50,8 47-52 50
10. Clearance between the bars, mm - in the working chamber - at the top - in the lower part 3 13.1 8 3 8 3 4.2/4.0 7/5.5 3 10 8 3 4.5 5 3 4.5-5 8-10
11. Power consumption kW/h 55.2 36.8 55.2 36.8 75 75
The main technical characteristics of the existing gins are given in (table 1).
Apparently from the (table-1) the ginning devices manufactured in the USA have the following differences from gins 5DP-130:
- Removal of fiber from teeth drank - brush;
- the saw disk of big diameter is used;
- the quantity of saw disks are rather more;
- the accelerator of the adobe roller and the device for an additional conclusion of ginnng seeds is used;
- the expense of the electric power is less.
The main problems of process of a saw ginning is the excessive density of the adobe roller. In the working chamber of gin as a result of an untimely exit of ginning seeds, partial losses of fiber with ginned seeds.
In this direction a number of researches are conducted [1; 2; 3; 4] where there were attempts of decreasing in density of the adobe roller using the accelerator of rotation of the adobe roller, devices for exiting of the bared seeds from the middle of the adobe roller, the corresponding recommendations are made.
However, the problem of decreasing in density of the adobe roller in the working chamber of gin and acceleration of allocation of the bared seeds and also reduction of residual fibration of ginned seeds isn't solved. There was a need of deep studying of process of ginning and structure of the adobe roller for the solution of the problem in reduction time of staying of the bared seeds in the working chamber.
Now in the cotton-processing plants of the world are applied generally 3 types of the gin working chambers which are presented in (fig. 1).
c)
Figure 1. Lateral sections of saw gins working chamber: a) MY-171 gin; b) Chinese two-chamber gin; c) gin 5DP-130
Objects and methods of the research. Objects of the research was taken saw gin of the MY-171 brand of the "Swan"
company and the Chinese two-chamber gin without seed exiting device and also single-chamber gin 5DP-130.
Aim of the research is to study the design influence of gins on residual fibration of ginned seeds.
Experiments were made on cotton-raw S-6524version, the II grade with humidity of 8,5% and contamination of 1.19%.
In 2 hours after start-up of gins simultaneously supply of cotton-raw is stopped and stopped a saw shaft and the working chamber rose up. Then it is opened an apron of the camera and by means of the special device were selected samples from the adobe roller 10 cm wide.
Results analysis. Taking into account earlier carried out research [5; 6; 7] it is established that fibers after gin-
Table 2.- Indicators of residual
ning remains in different parts of seeds: in the flat end of seeds and in the narrow end, side parts of seeds. Proceeding from it, the fibration was determined by fractions. From sample were separated the remained fibers manually way and by weighing is determined the fibration of the seeds separated part. Results of research from five frequency are given in (fig. 1-4).
On MY-171 gin the seeds leaving through grid-iron grids and from the gin exiting device are analyzed separately. Average results of experiments from five frequency are given in (table 2).
fibrillation of progenied seeds
№ Seed components Indicators
Total mass of seeds, g Weight of seeds without fiber, g. Residual fiber, g. Amount of seeds, pcs.
Gene MY-171 After the Gin 5DP-130 Gene MY-171 After the Gin 5DP-130 Gene MY-171 After the Gin 5DP-130 Gene MY-171 After the Gin 5DP-130
After the grate After the seed-discharge devices After the grate After the seed-discharge devices After the grate After the seed-discharge devices After the grate After the seed-discharge devices
1. the flat end seed 1.68 2.41 2.4 1.62 2.37 2.37 0.06 0.04 0.03 16 24 20
2. the narrow end seed 12.31 19.83 20.59 12.06 19.5 20.43 0.25 0.33 0.16 113 182 166
3. Lateral parts 1.57 1.21 - 1.51 1.16 - 0.06 0.05 - 14 12 -
4. the flat end of seeds + in the narrow end 23.72 19.04 19.29 23.1 18.7 18.97 0.62 0.44 0.32 206 170 150
5. the flat end of seeds + in the narrow end + lateral parts 10.79 6.82 5.4 10.29 6.52 5.26 0.5 0.3 0.14 94 61 45
6. Seeds without fiber - 0.66 2.39 - 0.66 2.39 - - - - 6 20
7. Total 50.07 50.07 50.07 48.58 48.91 49.42 1.49 1.16 0.65 443 455 401
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Figure 1. Residual fibration of seeds after MY-171 gin: a) The seeds leaving through gridiron grids; b) The seeds leaving through seed leaving devices; 1 - the flat end of seed; 2 - the narrow end of seed; 3 - Lateral parts; 4 - the flat end of seeds + in the narrow end; 6 - bared seeds (seeds without fiber); 5 - seeds residual hairiness in different parts of a seed
Figure 2. Residual fibrousness of seeds after gin Figure 3. Residual fibrousness of singleseeds emerg-5DP-130 ing through grate MY-171
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Figure 4. Residual fibrousness of single seeds after gin MY-171 and 5DP-130; a) Gene MY-171, after the seed leaving devices; b) After the Gin 5DP-130
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Figure 5. The proportion of separated fiber seed particles emerging through the grate bars and the seed leaving devices of gin MY-171
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Figure 6. Share of fiber separated seed particles after gin 5DP-130
Figure 7. Proportion of seeds having residual fiber exiting through flat grate MY-171
40 37,36
13,41
5,27 2,64 1,33
a) b)
Figure 8. Proportion of seeds having residual fiber after gin MY-171 and 5DP-130: a) seeds coming out through the dehumidifying devices of gin MY-171; b) seeds after gin 5DP-130
We may see from the table -2 that partially fibers remain in all parts of seeds: the flat end of seeds, the narrow end and in a sidewall. After gin 5DP-130 in a sidewall of seeds there is no residual fiber.
Basic reason of a defective ginned micro-saw and chalaza part of seeds is the movement nature of seeds in the working chamber of gin. At rotation of the adobe roller probability of meeting with saw- teeth of the side part seeds is high therefore the wall of seeds separates quicker, chalaza and especially the narrow end parts of seeds does not often meet with saw teeth and therefore separating of fiber in this part happens slowly, in long period and not completely. Here it is also influenced the features of seeds, in particular rather less than length of fiber in the narrow end seeds more is the location density and the level of fiber fixing to the seed rather than side parts and on chalaza From 1 to 3 figures are shown the residual fibration in parts of seeds after ginning, we may see that the minimum fibration is the seeds after ginning 5DP-130, then the seeds
leaving through seed exit devices of MY-171 gin. The maximum residual fibration has "the flat end of seeds+the narrow end + in a sidewall "seeds then side parts of seeds leaving MY-171 gin through iron grids (4.63%), then seeds leaving through seed exit devices (4.4%) after them relatively more fibration side parts of seeds has after MY-171 gin. After gin 5DP-130 regarding "the flat end of seeds + the narrow end + in a sidewall " has more fibration (2.59%), and in a side part of fiber is absent.
The analysis of residual fibration of single seeds was also shown by identical results from the residual hairiness of separate parts (fig. 3 and 4). Changing character of sharing participation of separate parts of single seeds showed that in all variants relatively more residual fibration of hairiness has mixed parts (the flat end of seeds+ the narrow end + in a sidewall) seeds, then the sidewall (except 5DP-130). Here it is shown after gin 5DP-130 single seeds have the smallest amount of fiber.
For complete image was determined fiber shares in separate parts of seeds from the general residual fibration of seeds and the percentage content of separate parts of seeds which have residual fiber (fig. from 5 by 9).
It is shown, that in all options the considerable share of fiber remains in the part " the flat end of seeds+ the narrow end (according to 49.23% of 46,5% and 37.41%), " the flat end of seeds+ the narrow end + in a sidewall" (respectively 33.56%, 25.86% and 21.54%) and also in the narrow end (respectively 16.78%, 28.45% and 24.61%).
It should be noted that on MY-171 gin thanks to seed exit devices of seed arrangement in the adobe camera on the relation of saw teeth at rotation changes and at the same time the fiber separating in the narrow end and in the flat end happens better than on gin 5DP-130, i.e. seed exit devices positively influence on stripping of final parts of seeds.
From (Fig. 8 and 9) it can be seen that the number of seeds having residual fiber in the narrow end after the seed-exiting devices on the gin MY-171 and the gin 5DP-130 is more than the rest parts (40% and 41.4% respectively) and in the flat end of seeds+ the narrow end" (37.36, and 37.41% respectively), although the largest residual fibers are in the flat end of seeds+ the narrow end", which means smaller specific amount of fiber which is in individual seeds in the narrow end and in the flat end of seeds+ the narrow end ".
Residual fibrousness of ginned seeds is 1.3% (on the gin 5DP-130) and 2.98% (on the gin MY-171) is considered to raise, reducing fiber exit. To improve fiber exit, it is suggested regenerator RNS to capture pre-gin seeds and reginning them [7]. As our research shows, almost the whole
weight of seeds after ginning has residual fibrousness, therefore there is no sense in their regeneration. The more effective option is two-chamber gin with using of gin regenerator 1DR-119 [6]. Gin regenerator 1DR-119 is designed for repeated ginning of the pre-ginned seeds.
Obtained results showed that, because of the high density of the raw roller on 5DP-130 gin, the pre-ginned seeds have less residual fiber content than on the MY-171 gin.
Conclusion: The analysis of the gin work MY-171 and 5DP-130 showed the following:
Almost all the pre ginned seeds are partially fibers on the flat end of seeds and on the narrow end, on gin MY-171 and in the side parts of the seeds, which reduces the fiber exit. On 5DP-130 gin due to the high density of the raw roller and the time of the seeds in the working chamber, the residual fiber of the pre-ginned seeds is much lower than on the MY-171 gin. Because of the seeds movement difficulty around their axis and the reorientation of their location in the working chamber with respect to the saw teeth, the possibility of grasping the fiber from the saw teeth located at the seed tips (in the flat end of seeds and on the narrow end) are minimal, which leads to incomplete seed ginning.
The residual fibrousness of seeds after ginning shows the usefulness of applying two-stage ginning with using gin regenerator 1DR-119 and conducting experimental research in this field to determine the rational regime of the second stage ginning.
The received results is shown, that because of the big density raw roller platen on gin 5ДП-130 pre-ginned seeds have smaller residual fibration rather than than on gin MY-171.
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References:
Kotov D. A., Boldinsky G. I. About seed allocation from raw roller of the saw gin. The collection scientific works TTI. Tashkent 1964. Issue XVIII From - P. 67-76.
Tillj aev M. T. Research of influence of the accelerator of rotation raw roller on the basic indicators of ginning process. Diss. C.t.sc. TITLI. 1974. - 150 p.
Tjutin P. N., Ibragimov A. S. intensification of saw ginning process by realisation of additional seed exit from the working camera gin, TITLI, the collection of scientific articles. part V.- Tashkent 1998.- P. 106-112.
Sulaymonov R. methodical appliances of the working chamber with improvement seed exit at saw ginning of cotton. Diss. Ph D.,- Tashkent 1987.- 200 p.
Parpiev A., Navruzov N., Kupalova J. Some questions of definition density raw roller. Problems of textiles 342015.- Tashkent - P. 9-15.
Sobirov Y. Working out of high-effective technology of step ginning and linting. Diss. D.sc.,- Tashkent 2008.- 230 p. Hmirov V. D. Working out of technology of regeneration non ginned cotton before linting and creation of devices for its realisation. Diss. Ph D.- Tashkent 1987.- 200 p.
