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TECHNICAL AND ECONOMIC COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE USE OF MODERN MATERIALS IN THE TRAFFIC SECTION OF THE REINFORCED CONCRETE HIGHWAYS
BRIDGE
Malikov Ganisher
PhD student Urazov Khumayun
PhD student
Gulmatova Ziroat Master of industrial education https://www.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10518267
ABSTRACT
ARTICLE INFO
Received: 09th January 2024 Accepted: 15th January 2024 Online: 16th January 2024 KEY WORDS
Waterproofing, protective layer, roadway design, basalt fiber reinforced concrete with waterproof properties,
economic comparison,
structural, operational,
architectural.
This article examines the causes of defects and damage that occur on the roadway of the bridge. A comparative technical and economic analysis of the method proposed by the authors for using modern materials in the design of the roadway of reinforced concrete road bridges is considered. Construction and material costs of existing and proposed roadway structures were calculated and compared.
The bridge structure is a complex engineering object, and its reliability, strength and durability depend on the type of material used for it and the quality of construction works. If the listed parameters are not reflected in the structure, then the deterioration of the structure will accelerate, which in turn will lead to the acceleration of the operation and reconstruction process.
To date, as a result of the observations, it has become known that the bridge structures, in addition to preventing traffic jams, also create traffic jams. Due to this, as a result of the appearance of various defects and damages in the structures, they are operated every 3-5 years, as a result of the acceleration of the period of capital repair and reconstruction, the suspension of traffic on overpasses and bridges or the closure of these roads we can mention that processes are closed due to.
In order to prevent these situations, we believe that it is necessary to increase the service life of transport structures, for this, use modern technologies in bridge construction, take models from world bridge construction, and use new modern materials in their constructions.
The main part.
Studies and researches show that most of the failures in bridges are observed in the intermediate device and carriageway. Below are the most common defects and damages in the construction in Figures 1 and 2.
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Figure 1. Defects and damage caused by Figure 2. Defects and damages caused moisture retention by loads and structural wear and tear
In this article, the technical and economic analysis of the construction of the roadway, which will be built on the basis of modern materials and technologies proposed by the authors to protect the structures of the bridge roadway from the above reasons or to prevent them, is considered.
Setting the issue
• H construction of the proposed carriageway;
• H Feasibility analysis of existing and proposed constructions.
Proposed carriageway construction.
The construction of the new carriageway is in accordance with all indicators
It consists of monolithic reinforced basalt-fibro concrete, which can fully meet the requirements stated in 2.05.03-12, combines leveling layer, waterproofing and protective layers in one construction.
Basalt-fibro concrete with waterproof properties has several advantages over the existing construction:
light compared to ordinary concrete;
basalt fibers in the composition increase the compressive and bending strength of the structure;
reduces material consumption in construction; reduces construction costs and labor. in relation to existing waterproofing material:
less water seepage; long service life;
reduces material consumption in construction; reduces construction costs and labor.
Comparative feasibility analysis of existing and proposed structures.
The selection of the main option of the facility will depend on the general combination of technical and economic indicators and requirements (economic, constructive, production, operational and architectural).
Below we will compare the existing and proposed constructions from a technical and economic point of view according to certain parameters. The construction of the road surface to be laid on the intermediate device is shown in Fig. 3. cited:
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a)
b)
Figure 3. Roadway constructions
a) existing roadway - leveling layer, waterproofing layer, protective layer, asphalt concrete coating;
b) the proposed road section - leveling layer (includes leveling, protection, waterproofing layer), asphalt concrete coating.
This coating is laid directly on the head beam plate. The values of the calculated constant loads from the coating layers on the surface of 1 m2 of the slab are presented in Table 1. Table 1
existing roadway
Load type Yf Estimated load, kPa
Asphalt concrete (thickness 5 =7sm; volume weight g=2.3 t/m3) 1,5 0,24
Reinforced concrete protective layer (thickness 5 =4sm; volumetric weight g=2.5 t/m3) 1,3 0,13
Waterproofing (thickness
5 =1 sm; volumetric weight g=1.5 t/m3) 1,3 0,02
0,47
the proposed road section
Load type Yf Estimate d load, kPa
Asphaltobeton (thickness 5 =7 sm; volume weight g=2.3 t/m3) 1,5 0,24
Reinforced non-waterproof basaltofibro concrete protective layer (thickness 5 =7 sm; volumetric weight
0,46
é
Ws,
existing roadway the proposed road section
Name of works So'm Name of works So'm
Total work done 139563443,5 Total work done 95916478,5
Workers labor cost Person-hour 8379794,4 Workers labor cost Person-hour 1899156,4
Machine mechanisms Machine -clock 2446754,2 Machine mechanisms Machine -clock 1958797,2
Materials 128736894,9 Materials 92058524,9
Total materials 137748477,5 Total materials 98502621,6
Total eligible expenses 148575026,1 Total eligible expenses 102360575,2
Other expenses of the organization 35048848,7 Other expenses of the organization 24146859,7
Total 183623874, 8 Total 126507434, 9
Figure 4. For constructions expenses incurred.
Figure 5. Cost of workers and machine mechanisms for constructions
From these tables and graphs, we can see that the proposed method is about 31% cheaper than the existing method, i.e. 57116439 soums.
In addition, we can see that labor costs of workers are saved by 75%, and labor costs of machines and mechanisms are saved by 87% compared to the existing method. Analysis of operating costs
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The results of the following inspections (observations) are taken into account when determining the operating costs of reinforced concrete bridges and overpasses: current and periodic; inspections and tests; special observation and inspections. The service life of the bridge and the period until the first repair are determined according to the Interstate standard GOST 33178-2014. [11].
According to GOST 33178-2014, the term of repair of the waterproofing layer is 10 years, and the term of replacement is 20 years. In practice, the repair period is 5 years, and the replacement period is 10 years.
Using the method developed in [11] for calculating (forecasting) the annual costs of operating bridges and overpasses, the formulas for calculating the costs for every 5 years of 50 years are given in Table 5.
Table 3
Operating expenses every 5 years
Years Existing construction Tproposed construction
0-5 5Ea+Ed 5Ea+Ed
6-10 5Ea+Ed+Ea+Ew 5Ea+Ed+Ea
11-15 5Ea+Ed 5Ea+Ed
16-20 5Ea+Ec 5Ea+Ed+Ea
21-25 5Ea+Ed 5Ea+Ed
26-30 5Ea+Ed+Ea+Ew 5Ea+Ec
31-35 5Ea+Ed 5Ea+Ed
36-40 5Ea+Ec 5Ea+Ed+Ea
41-45 5Ea+Ed 5Ey+Ed
46-50 Er Er
ere:
EA= Annual operating expenses;
Ed= Costs incurred for replacement of deformation seams;
EA= Costs for replacing asphalt concrete pavement;
EW= Costs for replacing the waterproofing coating;
EC= Expenditures for capital repairs;
ER= Costs for reconstruction.
If we calculate according to this method, we can see that the costs associated with capital repair and replacement of the waterproofing layer will be saved in a new way. In addition, taking into account the monolithic form of the new style, it is possible to save labor costs.
Conclusion.
The main defects and damages that appear in the intermediate device are caused by defects in the construction of the carriageway (failure of the waterproofing coating, long-term retention of moisture in the concrete).
Due to the lightness of basaltofibrobeton compared to conventional concrete, we can see that the stresses that occur as a result of constant loads on the slab of the carriageway are minimal in the new construction.
é
Ws,
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Innovative Academy Research Support Center UIF = 8.1 | SJIF = 5.685 www.in-academy.uz
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