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7. Almoustapha, O.; Kenfack, S. and Millogo-Rasolodimby Biogas production using water hyacinth to meet collective energy needs in a Sahelian country Facts Report Action Science, 2009.
8. Ituen E. E., John N. M. and Bassey B. E. Biogas production from organic waste in Akwa Ibom State of Nigeria. Appropriate Technologies for Environmental Protection in the Developing World. Selected Papers from ERTEP 2007, July 17-19, Ghana, 2007.
9. Radhika L.G, Seshadri S. K, Mohandas P. N. Biogas production from a mixture of Coir pith and cattle waste. J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol. Volume 33, 1983.
10. Uzodinma, E. O. and Ofoefule, A. U. Biogas production from blends of field grass (Panicum maximum) with some animal wastes International Journal of Physical Sciences 4, 2009.
11. Ofoefule, A.U, E. O. Uzodinma and O. D. Onukwuli, O. D. Comparative study of the effect of different pretreatment methods on biogas yield from water Hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) International Journal of Physical Sciences volume 4, 2009.
12. Ezekoye V. A. and Okeke C.E Design, construction and performance evaluation of plastic bio-digester and the storage of biogas, The Pacific J. Sci. Technol. volume 7, 2006.
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15. Babel S., Sae-Tang J. and Pecharaply A. Anaerobic co-digestion ofsewage and brewery sludge for biogas production and land application, Int.J. Environ. Sci. Tech., 6, 2009. 131-140.
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Romanov Konstantin Alexandrovich, Scientific Investigation Institute of Federal Service of Penal System Russian Federation, Moscow, research associate E-mail: [email protected] Djuzheva Elena Viktorovna, Scientific Investigation Institute of Federal Service of Penal System Russian Federation, Moscow, research associate E-mail: [email protected] Ponomarev Sergey Borisovich, Scientific Investigation Institute of Federal Service of Penal System Russian Federation, Izhevsk, Doctor of Medicine, professor,
Director of the branch E-mail: [email protected] Baranova Darya Vladimirovna, Kalashnikov Izhevsk State Technical University, Izhevsk, master student E-mail: [email protected]
System aspect of informatization monitoring of cardiac care in Russia’s penal system
Abstract: The article describes the informatization process of monitoring cardiac care in the penal system of Russia from the standpoint of system analysis. The study describes a new software package that allows real-time to
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System aspect of informatization monitoring of cardiac care in Russia’s penal system
assess the readiness of medical parts of the Federal Penitentiary Service of the Russian Federation to provide care to patients with cardiovascular diseases.
Keywords: medical information systems, system analysis, artificial neural networks, system of support of decision-making, cardiovascular diseases, medical and sanitary part, penal system.
Important component of modern internal infrastructure of large system are information streams and technologies, which not only change old rules of work of the organization, but also are a basis for formation of progressive infrastructure of the enterprise, providing thereby effective development of all state sector.
Now at the enterprises various models of corporate information management systems are used. Most of researchers (T. H. Davenport, F. Druker, I. I. Mazur, E. G. Oykhman, V. D. Shopenko, M. Hammer, etc.) note a key role of information technologies in management of the enterprises and in practical implementation ofprovi-sions of business process reengineering.
Introduction of medical information systems is capable to improve working and information processes at the different levels of medical branch today: beginning from the automated workplace of the expert before complex automation of policlinic or a hospital in general, and also complex automation of medical branch of the region. Emergence of initial demand for the medical information systems (MIS) generates a variety of the offer and need for the system analysis. In view of the high level of complexity of MIS, existence of a significant amount of the organizations developers of this product in Russia, the growing level of demand from the medical organizations which aren’t possessing special IT departments big territorial dissociation of the medical centers, arises need for simple and convenient tools for their system analysis [1, 42].
The practical solution of the majority of the problems existing in medicine is impossible without its informatization. Transition to information society forces to approach absolutely in a new way the solution of the majority of the tasks facing health care, including it concerns also penitentiary medicine [2].
The President of the Russian Federation declared 2015 year of fight against the cardiovascular diseases (CVD) which, admittedly, are a national problem. Considerable distribution of CVD among the population of the majority of the countries of the world forced to speak since the second century of the XX century about CVD epidemic two thirds from which make the coronary heart disease (CHD), a stroke and diseases of the peripheral arteries affected with atherosclerosis [3, 37]. As the part of national health system, medical parts (MP) of the Federal Penitentiary Service of the Russian Federation
(FPSR) created in 2013 are urged to solve problems of a medical support of the persons containing in establishments of criminal and executive system. However, the level of informatization of penitentiary health care existing today doesn’t allow to resolve quickly issues of planning and management of MP for achievement of target indicators.
So, for the five-year period of 2010-2014 it is noted that indicators of prevalence of the blood circulatory system diseases (BCSD), invalidizations and mortality from their complications among the suspects accused, condemned annually increase, making the greatest values in 2014. Prevalence of BCSD among men for the beginning of 2015 made 11,4%, among women — 19%. Both among men, and among women the hypertensive illness — 5,6% and 10,4% respectively has the greatest level of distribution. For the same year the greatest specific weight of disabled people of the III group on BCSD occasion — 63,1%, increase in a contribution of BCSD to the general mortality which made 23,5% comes to light and became one of the leading reasons of mortality among the persons containing in establishments of the penal system [4, 276].
Considering the unsuccessful epidemiological situation connected with distribution among the suspects accused, condemned noninfectious incidence, the Department of medical and sanitary providing FPSR created a task of carrying out monitoring of readiness ofMP for assistance to patients with cardiovascular pathology containing in penal system institutions.
The program complex of monitoring allowing estimating equipment of MP, the organization of dispensary work and rendering hi-tech types of treatment was developed for realization of an objective. The assessment of degree of readiness of MSP of FPSR for assistance to patients with BCSD as of 2014 became total result of introduction of the software product.
The developed information and analytical system (IAS) allows carrying out collecting, storage, the analysis and visualization of information. The program complex was developed with use of means of MS SQL Server 2014. The IAS platform is the interface (a kernel of system) defining interaction between blocks of system. Are a part of system: interface (kernel of system); database; topological basis of the region; the block of structural in-
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quiries to a database; the block of visualization of data (display of data on charts, histograms, schedules).
The importance when developing MIS was given to development of mechanisms of support of decisionmaking. More and more users of similar systems express desire to get intellectual support at decision-making. It concerns not only the medical personnel, but also heads of different level.
If the algorithms developed for other branches and techniques of support of decision-making can be suitable for an administrative link, in case of support of medical decisions and management of medical and diagnostic process the situation is much more difficult. In spite of the fact that within several decades researches and development on creation of systems of support of decision-making for doctors are conducted, the majority of the received results have experimental or narrowly targeted character [5, 6518].
According to many researchers, further development of medical information systems is connected first of all with development of opportunities of systems in decision-making support. For example, on the classifications of analysts of the Gartner company which are available in the market now of MIS generally treat the fourth generation (MIS Colleague on classification of Gartner), and transition to MIS of the fifth generation (MIS Mentor on classification of Gartner) is expected [6]. The main distinctive feature of new MIS — opportunity prompt to doctors and heads optimum ways of treatment, diagnostics of patients or the solution of any arisen task.
For achievement of the maximum effect at the solution of medical and administrative tasks by means of MIS it is offered to use the artificial neural networks (ANN). Possibility of creation of a certain scheme can be more interesting option of use of ANN in large systems, in our case in medicine. The medical expert receives information on existence or lack of certain devices, consultations, complexes. MIS with ANN gives out result — degree of readiness of MP. But the final right of decision-making remains for the head-doctor. Also surely have to be present at this scheme: the information retrieval system to compensate a possible lack of knowledge of the expert; blocks of logical filters of converters. When using such scheme maximum efficiency at an assessment of readiness of medical institution is reached.
The special attention at creation of system was paid to a problem of ensuring presentation of the obtained data. Rules of visualization were based on use of the classical window interface with elements of a geographic information system (GIS). Thus visual display of indicators of work of MP of the region allows to look systemically at a problem of preparation of medical institutions of criminal and corrective system of Russia in general.
The main form of the interface is visually divided into two areas: area of a conclusion of the MP list and area of display of characteristics of MP. The area of display of characteristics of MP contains the GIS element — the contour map of Russia serving for increase of informational content of system of visualization. On the card the region is displayed by color of the final characteristic of readiness of MP of the region. In the top part of area data on compliance of the region to necessary characteristics are directly displayed. Color filling of the ground of the region gets out proceeding from equipment of MP on the special developed algorithm where low level corresponds to red color of filling of the ground, average — yellow, high — green.
The area of navigation of system consists of the main menu which is traditionally located in the left top corner of the screen. The main mechanism of work with information system is the Options point. This point contains teams of a call of contour maps of readiness of MP of regions of Russia and team of change of the modes of display of the main form (without interpretation of indicators — «HideValues», with interpretation — «ShowValues»). The HideValues mode hides area of display of characteristics of MP.
The developed information system allows: to trace the level of readiness of MP for rendering the cardiological help to the persons serving sentence in the form of imprisonment on the basis of the automated entering of data into a database with unlimited fullness; to range equipment levels medical property on the basis of method of expert evaluations (the formulation of the purpose of examination, allocation of objects of estimation, carrying out examination, processing and the analysis of results); to display data in the form of schedules, charts and including on a topological basis with the necessary level of specification.
References:
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2. Ponomarev S. B., Totskiy S. I., Tenenev V. A., Tulenkov A. M. Avtomatizirovannaya sistema monitoringa kachestva meditsinskoy pomoshchi v ugolovno-ispolnitel’noy sisteme kak instrument sotsial’no-ekonomicheskogo uprav-
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System aspect of informatization monitoring of cardiac care in Russia’s penal system
leniya (The automated system of monitoring of quality of medical care in penal system as the instrument of social and economic management). Izhevsk: IzhGTU, 2009. 92 p. (rus).
3. Shal’nova S. A. Epidemiologiya serdechno-sosudistykh zabolevaniy i faktory riska v Rossii. Kardiologiya. Natsional’noe rukovodstvo. (Epidemiology of cardiovascular diseases and risk factors in Russia. Cardiology. National management). Moscow: Geotar-Media, 2010. P. 37. (rus).
4. Djuzheva E. V., Romanov K. A. Epidemiologiya serdechno-sosudistykh zabolevaniy i invalidizatsiya lits, soder-zhashchikhsya v uchrezhdeniyakh ugolovno-ispolnitel’noy sistemy (Epidemiologiya of cardiovascular diseases and an invalidization of the persons containing in establishments of criminal and executive system). Kazan: Young scientist, 2015, no.15 (95). P. 276-279 (rus).
5. Malykh V. L., Guliev Ya. I., Eremin A. V., Rudetskiy S. V. Upravlenie I prinyatie resheniy v lechebno -diagnostiches-kom protsesse (Management and decision-making in medical and diagnostic process). Moscow. P. 6518-6528. (rus).
6. Thomas J. Handler, M. D., Barry R. Hieb, M. D. Gartner’s 2007 Criteria for the Enterprise CPR, http://rsept. wikispaces.com/file/view/Gartner_Criteria_ for_the_Enterprise_CPR_2007.pdf.
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