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1Synthesis, properties and applications of innovative nanoformulations for binary technologies of medical treatment
S. Klimentov1*, A. Popov1, G. Tikhonowski1, M. Savinov1, D. Tzelikov1, I. Zavestovskaya2, A. Kabashin13
1-National Research Nuclear University (MEPhI), Moscow, Russia
2-Russian Nuclear Center "KurchatovInstitute", Moscow, Russia 3- Laboratoire LP3, Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, Marseille, France
Synthesis and characterization of new nanoparticles (NPs) and nanoformulations (NFs) are traditionally the focus of research and technology innovations, including new approaches to medical diagnostics and treatment. This sustained interest is due to the broad variety of nanostructures properties based not only on their size and chemical composition, but also on morphology and subtle nuances related to their fabrication techniques. In this regard, laser ablation in liquids looks most versatile and adaptive in terms of wide range of allowed materials and fine control of physical and chemical characteristics of the resulting nanomaterials. This especially applies to ablation induced by ultrashort laser pulses, femtosecond and short picosecond, demonstrating non-thermal decomposition of the source material, avoiding this way the stage of melting. Colloidal solutions obtained this way are featured by exceptional purity and, in many cases, colloidal stability without using of ligands, which makes them an extremely promising choice for variety of biomedical applications.
We report here the results of an extensive research on laser ablative fabrication, characterization and applications of multimodal nanosensitizers i.e. NPs and more complex NFs, which can serve as contrast agents for diagnostics and local therapies under external physical stimuli, including x-ray radiation, neutron and proton beams, and CW laser radiation [1-3]. The first group of single element nanomaterials is based on heavy metals like gold and bismuth, the second includes boron-based and other materials featured by large interaction cross section with the corresponding particle beams, the third embraces a number of synthesized two element nanomaterials (nitrides and borides) demonstrating an excellent absorptivity of laser light in the biological tissue transparency window due to their plasmonic properties. We also present our recent results on fabrication and study of more complex composite multimodal nanomaterials [4], produced via multi-step laser assisted technologies, every particular component of which is activated by the different external physical factors or by combination of those. Significant number of the reported nanomaterials exhibits the potential for use in theranostic applications via combination of diagnostic and therapeutic modalities.
The results presented are illustrated by biomedical experiments, with the particular NFs, in cell biology, surgery, oncology and bioprinting. The research was partially supported by the grant FSWU-2023-0070 and the program Priority2030.
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[3] V.A. Oleshchenko, A.Yu. Kharin, A.F. Alykova, O.V. Karpukhin, N.V. Karpov, A.A. Popov, V.V. Bezotosnyi, S.M. Klimentov, I.N. Zavestovskaya, A.V. Kabashin, V.Yu. Timoshenko, Localized infrared radiation-induced hyperthermia sensitized by laser-ablated silicon nanoparticles for phototherapy applications, Applied Surface Science, Vol. 516, p. 30, (2020).
[4] O.Yu. Griaznova, I.B. Belyaev, A.S. Sogomonyan, I.V. Zelepukin, G.V. Tikhonowski, A.A. Popov, A.S. Komlev, P.I. Nikitin, D.A. Gorin, A.V. Kabashin, S.M. Deyev, Laser Synthesized Core-Satellite Fe-Au Nanoparticles for Multimodal In Vivo Imaging and In Vitro Photothermal Therapy, Pharmaceuticals, Vol. 14, p. 994, (2022).
