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15SYNTHESIS OF ORGANIC SUBSTANCES AND COMPOSITE PRODUCTS
BASED ON THEM KAVRAK
Muzaffar Murodovich Murodov Mahammadjon Ibragmovich Tursunov
D.t.n, professor. Director of the Tashkent S.n.s, «Tashkent Innovative Chemical-
Innovative Chemical-Technological Technological Scientific Institute» Scientific-Research Institute
ABSTRACT
The State Forestry Committee of the Republic of Uzbekistan and the holding company Uzbekozikovkatholding in order to create plantations of Kavrak (Ferula foetida, Ferula tadshikorum) on the territory of the republic and increase the volume of processing and export of their raw materials Kavrak Association of Producers and Exporters Approved Resolution of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan No. PP-3617 dated 03/20/2008 "On measures to create kavrak plantations in the country and increase the volume of processing and export of their raw materials."
Keywords: Kavrak, cellulose, wood, degree of polymerization, lignin, solubility, carboxymethyl cellulose, ash content, swelling, degree of substitution, basic substance, carboxymethyl cellulose, wettability.
Kovrak - (Ferula) family is a perennial herbaceous plant belonging to the family Apiaceae (Umbelliferae) - Celery (Umbelliferae). There are more than 160 species of Kovrak on Earth, 104 in the Central Asian republics and 50 in our country. Smola - in the production of glue are used such types as ugly crumbs, Kuhiston crumbs. It grows in the sandy deserts, hills, mountains and foothills of the Republic of Karakalpakstan, in Tashkent, Surkhandarya, Kashkadarya, Jizzakh, Navoi, Bukhara regions of the Republic of Karakalpakstan. In nature, foul flakes (Ferula assa-foetida L.) are common, and the glue-resin is mainly obtained from this species. This medicinal plant is a biologically active substance that has a positive effect on the patient's body in medicine [1-6]. Roots, leaves, bark, flowers, fruits, sap and other parts of plants are used as medicines.
In order to ensure the sustainable use of natural resources of medicinal plants growing in the flora of the Republic of Uzbekistan, including the establishment of plantations of some medicinal plants and increase and export of raw materials, the State Committee for Forestry of the Republic of Uzbekistan and Uzbekozikovkatholding The proposal to establish the Association of Kavrak Growers and Exporters (hereinafter referred to as the Association) for the establishment of plantations Ferula Tadshikorum) and increase the volume of processing and export of their raw materials was approved [7-13]. Resolution of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan No. PP-3617 of March 20, 2008 "On measures to increase the volume of processing and export".
It is known that about 50% of medicines produced in pharmaceutical companies worldwide are made from medicinal plant raw materials [1-16]. The rapid development of the pharmaceutical industry in many countries, including the Republic of Uzbekistan, has led to a sharp increase in demand for medicinal plant raw materials by such enterprises.
With the above in mind, we have been conducting scientific research on complex processing of Kavrak plant for years. In particular, the study of cellulose, fiber and other organic substances based on it, as well as composite materials based on them continues.
It is known that 1 hectare of land is sown with 20 kg of Kavrak seeds. This allows you to grow from 20,000 to 50,000 plants, which means that in 1 year the stem part of the Kavrak plant is 45-50 tons. This means 15-20 tons of cellulose raw material.
It is known that the stem part of the Kavrak plant is unsuitable for animal feed and other types of industrial purposes, which has a negative impact on the environment during its disposal [14-22]. This proved the need for chemical processing of plant stems to obtain cellulose and organic substances and composite polymeric materials. Every year, many Kavrak plantations are established in the Republic on the basis of the Resolution of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan No. PP-3617 of 20.03.2008 "On measures to establish kavrak plantations in the country and increase the volume of processing and export of their raw materials."
In the laboratory, the process of obtaining cellulose from the local raw material -Kavrak stalks was studied and analyzed. The sodium method was used in the process of obtaining cellulose from the plant [23-27]. For this purpose, hydrolysis processes were carried out at different concentrations of NaOH, as inhibitors, catalysts of groups of the quinone group.
As a result, the plant stem parts were separated into strands of certain sizes and the process of cellulose synthesis was carried out in a solution of caustic alkali from 10 g / l to 60 g / l. The cellulose yield formed as a result of the initial study was 37%, the ash content was 1.8%, and the solubility was 145. From some of the qualitative indicators obtained, it is known that cellulose obtained on the basis of Kavrak plant can be applied for chemical processing in the second place [28-35]. Because it has reached a level of suffocation of 145, it is a testament to the breadth of its reactivity and capacity.
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