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STUDYING NUTRITION OF STUDENTS
Mikhailova Svetlana Vladimirovna, Shepelkov Andrey Alekseevich, Kashaeva Olga Igorevna, Lubaev Alexander Vladimirovich, Arzamas branch Nizhny Novgorod State University named
N.I.Lobachevsky, c.Arzamas
E-mail: agpi-mpbgd@mail.ru
Abstract. The Article is initiate of studying to the quality of food and diet among modern students. The attitudes of students with the food rules with age become less accountable that could be explain of quality and lifestyle (work, family etc.) By the result of research defined, the diet of the most students provides basic nutrients: proteins, vitamins and minerals.
Keywords: students, health, quality and diet, food products, family composition.
Relevance of research
Recently the problem of the health status of the students paid more and more attention, as in Russia, 35% of students have a chronic illness. Also, deterioration in health status leads to significant socio-economic losses. Analyzing the state of health problems, in particular, students can see that this is one of the reasons for their poor attitude to health, a healthy lifestyle, and entail negative consequences. Deteriorating health of students during training in high school is more concerned with the adverse impact of socio-hygienic environment factors and inherited genetic predisposition. It is also a change from the usual routine of students entering high school in [1,2].
Another factor is the change in the usual schedule of the student because of the combination of the two aspects of the work, work and study. Often, students are busy unskilled labor: work as porters, waiters, security guards, as usually happens in the evening or night. Already in the first courses combine study with work more than 30 percent of boys and 15 percent girls. This results in significant disruption to the daily routine. About a third of students take a hot meal once a day. The problem of proper nutrition of students spread throughout the world. That is, students often prefer semis and eat often, when he comes and where it is necessary, if only to satisfy hunger rather
[3, 4].
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Many conducted studies show that among students popular western style food. This style of food is monotonous, saturated animal fat and sugar, lots of sandwiches washed down with sodas, uses a very small amount of fruit, vegetables, fruits, cereals, roots. Quite often, students in between "pairs" snack than have it: chips, cookies, chocolate and carbonated water. Some individuals' satisfy hunger "smoke a cigarette [5]. In the modern city, students spend a lot of time on the road, which also helps stave off hunger or snacking in the Fast (but unhealthy) food.
The aim of the study was to identify the features and quality of the diet regime modern students Arzamas branch of Nizhny Novgorod State University.
Materials and Methods
The study was conducted among the students of 1-2 courses of 17-20 years based on the results of filling the "Passport Student Health" in the framework of the research work in the Arzamas branch of Nizhny Novgorod State University during 2013/14 year [6]. The study involved 373 students (60 boys and 313 girls). The study was conducted a survey involving 24 questions focused on identifying features, treatment and quality of supply of modern students. Processing of statistical data made in the editor Excel-2003.
Results of the study
By the results of the survey found that when purchasing products a priority (56.1%) given shelf life, 32.4% of students choose items based on its value, and 11.5% of the study did not pay attention to the quality of the products. Many of the students (23.6%) did not have any idea about the negative impact of genetically modified organisms, therefore, they are oblivious to their presence in the diet. Of the respondents, 7.1% of students do not know anything about food additives, and 24.3% are not interested in their impact on the health of the organism.
27.2% of respondents answered that they often eat cold food, and 34.3% regularly eat Kirieshki, Kompashki, chips and other similar products.
In order to study the quality of the diet of students and regular consumption of basic foodstuffs conducted a survey, the results of which are presented in Table 1.
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Table 1
Types of products used by students during the week, %
Products Often Rarely or sometimes Very seldom or never
Meat and meat products 69,2 26,2 4,6
fish 45,1 32,7 22,2
Bread, cereals, pasta, potatoes 97,9 2,1 -
Vegetables, fruit 68,3 31,7 -
dairy produce 32,4 54,5 13,1
dessert 68,6 20,5 10,9
According to table 1, we can observe that students most often used bakery products, cereals and potatoes (97.9%), followed by the specified meat products, vegetables and fruits, as well as a variety of sweets (69.2%, 68 , 3% and 68.6% respectively). Fish and seafood are used less frequently for a week (45.1%), and dairy products even less - 32.4%
As a "plus" can be noted that the meat products, fruits and vegetables are often used by students, ie the diet of the majority of students to provide basic nutrients, proteins and vitamins. A "minus" was that students consume sweets more often than it should be the norm.
During research using questionnaires determinant 3 groups of students on the degree of compliance of the principles of rationality and balance of power (Figure 1). We see that in the first courses in the age of 17-18 years and more students (22.1% -21.1%) observe the principles of nutrition, rather than senior students aged 19-20 years (14.2% -6.4% ). It was revealed that with age the ratio of students to the rules nutrition becomes less responsible, possibly because of a change in the quality and way of life (work, family, etc.).
so
70 60 50 40 30 20 io
J J J J J
17 years 18 years 19 years 20 years all
22.1 21,1 14,2 6,4 17,6 ©2,7 55,8 59,1 70,1 59,3
15.2 23,1 26,7 22,5 23,1
17 years 18 years 19 years 20 years all
■ proper nutrition 22,1 21,1 14,2 6,4 17,6
i periodic malnutrition 62,7 55,8 59,1 70,1 59,3
■ malnutrition 15,2 23,1 26,7 22,5 23,1
Fig. 1 Results of research of rational nutrition of students, %
Given the different social status of students (family composition, place of residence, the profile of training) investigated the degree of rationality of power (Table 2). Students from intact families have a more balanced diet (28.5%). Violation of the principles of rationality as a percentage of their observed lower (57.2%) than students from single-parent families (64.8%).
On the basis of this table, we can see a more balanced diet of students from rural areas (19.7%). Students from the city have problems with eating disorders (63.3%) than students from rural areas (51.4%). This may be due to conditions in the countryside and the environment have a positive effect on the health of students.
Among students of humanities there more problems with rational nutrition (24.4%) than the students natural sciences (15.8%). May explain this by the fact that students devote more hours of specialized subjects that are related to health issues.
Table 2
The diet of students depending on the composition of the family
social status Rational and balanced nutrition Dining with a periodic violation of the principles of rationality and balance products Irrational and unbalanced diet
Full families students 28,5 57,2 14,3
Students from single-parent families 14,3 64,8 20,9
Urban students 17,2 66,3 16,6
Rural students 19,7 51,4 27,9
Students of the humanities (IFF, PPF, FDiNO) 24,4 65,0 10,6
Students of natural sciences (physics and mathematics, EHF) 15,8 62,1 22,1
During the survey analyzed the regular meals during the day (Table 3). From Table 3 we can conclude. A first-year students a more rational nutrition. The number of meals on average 4-5 times a day. Students of age 19-20, this number drops significantly to 2-3 times. This can be explained by the fact that at the undergraduate students to combine study with work, workload increases, thereby reducing the time eating to a minimum.
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Table 3
Results of research diet students
Acceptance meals 17 years 18 years 19 years 20 years All students
1 time 1,8 3,2 2,4 - 2,5
2 times 30,4 32,7 31,0 42,0 32,7
3 times 42,8 48,4 51,0 44,7 48,4
4 times 21,4 15,6 14,0 13,3 15,1
5 times 1,8 - 1,6 - 0,8
6 times 1,8 - - - 0,5
Conclusion
Food is the foundation of a healthy lifestyle. At the young age of Statistics visible malnutrition, especially among students. They can be caused by several reasons (eg the cause of gastritis may be the wrong food, nervous exhaustion, smoking, and the cause of colitis - unbalanced diet). The cause of the defeat of own kidney tissue, nephrosis and nephritis may be as alcoholism, drug addiction, substance abuse and excessive use of spicy, smoked and pickled foods.
To avoid serious health problems in the middle and adulthood should be concerned about this early age, but would not create problems themselves and future generations.
By results of research it can be concluded that students aged 17-18 diet is more rational, and from 20-21 years related to the rules of healthy eating noticeably deteriorates.
Literature:
1. Martinchik, A.N Human Nutrition (Nutrition Basics) / A.N.Martinchik, I.V.Maev, A.B.Petuhov. - M .: SEI VUNMTS MoH, 2002. - 576 p.
2. Kalyuzhniy E.A, Kuzmichev YG., Mikhailova S.V, Maslova V.Y The results of monitoring the physical health of students based on active self-// Scientific Opinion: Scientific Journal / St. Petersburg University Consortium. - SPb., 2012. - №4.S.133-137.
3. Health and Physical Education student: Textbooks / V.A.Baronenko, L.A.Rapoport. - M .: Alpha-M: INFRA-M, 2012. - 336 p.
4. Evaluation of the physical development of children, teenagers and students [Electronic resource]. - URL: http://www.health-control.ru (date of circulation: 05.13.2014)
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5. Raevskii R.T. Health, health and wellness lifestyle /R.T students. Rajewski, S.M Kanishevsky; Under the total. Ed. RT Rajewski. - O .: Science and Technology, 2008. -556 p.
6. Passport Student Health: methodological recommendations / Comp. E.A.Kalyuzhny, Yu.G.Kuzmichev, S.V.Mikhailova et al. - Arzamas branch of UNN, 2012. - 20 p.
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