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10This study identified five compositions of Borage in vivo by building the method of UPLC-TOF/MS. The chemical composition of Borage was preliminarily analyzed in this study. In which, the Cymarose Eleganin and Indicine have the function of antitumor. And the Andrographolide has the function of anti-inflammatory. It provided a scientific basis to research the function of antitumor and anti-inflammatory on Borage by the Pharmacokinetic studies ofBorago officinalis in rabbit. This study also provided an evidence of the action of Borage for the further clinical application. References
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Study of Hypericum attenuatum Choisy and Salvia miltiorrhiza extracts and compatibility on Myocardial Ischemia in Mice
Cao Mingming ji Li
(Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine,Harbin,Heilongjiang,China 150040) Fax: 13654669049; E-mail address: [email protected] Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine Harbin China
Abstract Objective: Discussion the protective effect of Hypericum attenuatum Choisy (H.attenuatum Choisy) and Salvia miltiorrhiza compatibility on Myocardial Ischemia in Mice, which provide the basis for the compatibility of the Chinese medicine. Methods: Mice were randomly divided into H.attenuatum Choisy extract group, Salvia miltiorrhiza extract group , H.attenuatum Choisy and Salvia miltiorrhiza ratio (1:1,1:2,2:1),model group, positive group, blank group, each group have ten rats. Drugs were diluted with an equal dose of normal saline. The model group and the blank group were fed with equivalent dosage of saline. The contents of CK and the LDH-L were detected. The level of SOD and MDA were investigated. Result: H.attenuatum Chosiy and Salvia miltiorrhiza compatibility ratio 1:2group can significantly reduce the LDH,CK level, increased SOD activity, decreased MDA content, and which can significantly prolong the time of myocardial ischemia mice's hypoxia. Conclusion: Such as dose, the experimental conditions compared with the single herb, H.attenuatum Chosiy and the Salvia miltiorrhiza ratio 1:2 has apparent protective effect in mice of myocardial ischemia.
Keywords: H.attenuatum Choisy, Salvia miltiorrhiza, Myocardial Ischemia, Mice
H.attenuatum Choisy,division for the Garcinia Hypericum, bitter, flat, stanching, Analgesic, and the other effects. The main treatment: Hemoptysis, stanching, rheumatoid joint pain, bruises. Modern research found that it has a good role in the prevention and treatment on the cardiovascular system[1]. Recent years, with the deepening of its research, that also found many new pharmacological effects and clinical use: Myocardial ischemic reperfusion injury, Antiarrhythmic, the protection for myocardial etc.
Salvia miltiorrhiza, which is root and Rhizome of the Perennialherb salvia miltiorrhiza labiataes, bitter, slightly cold. With blood stasis and pain, promoting blood circulation, a pure heart and other effects. It have wide applications in human and animals.In short, H.attenuatum Choisy and Salvia miltiorrhiza have a undoubted role on the pharmacological effects of myocardial ischemia and the mechanism effect, two drugs used alone or compatibility of other drugs, combination of two drugs is not come yet. Isoprenaline hydrochloride may cause myocardial ischemia in mice.The hemodynamic and myocardial metabolic changes after modeling have some similaritieswith coronary heart disease in myocardial ischemia in patients[3]. Therefore, the present study observe the efficacy for the extracts of H.attenuatum Choisy and Salvia miltiorrhiza through the Myocardial Ischemia mice caused by Isoprenaline hydrochloride, to determine its efficacy.
Materials and methods
1 Materials and instruments
The following methods of investigation were used 160 Kunming mice, one half of male and female. H.attenuatum Choisy (the mixture of the 70% ethanol and the water's extraction), Salvia miltiorrhiza(the mixture of the 70% ethanol and the water's extraction), Myocardial ischemia, Sodium chloride, Propranolol hydrochloride tablets, Sodium lime. Creatine Kinase kit (CK), Lactate Dehydrogenase kit (LDH) , Superoxide Dismutasekit (SOD) , Maleic Dialdehyde kit (MDA) . Medlab Bio-signal acquisition and processing system: -u/4c501, KDC-40 Low-speed centeifuge, Vortex shaker, Electronic Balance,Spectrophotometer.
2 Grouping and modeling
Experimental mice in each group before treatment do first ECG, and discard S-T segment, T wave abnormalities and arrhythmia changes. A total of 160 mice were randomized by gender and body weight divided into 2 groups, then divided into eight group: H.attenuatum Choisy extract group (H.C), Salvia miltiorrhiza extract group(S.M), H.attenuatum Choisy and Salvia miltiorrhiza ratio (1:1,1:2,2:1)model group, positive group and blank group. Experimental group (H.attenuatum Choisy, Salvia miltiorrhiza,1:1,1:2,2:1)were given the corresponding drugs, the dose was 1.66g/kg, positive group was given the Propranolol hydrochloride tablets, the dose was 0.06g/kg, model group and blank group were given equal volume of saline.Ig for 7days,1 time / day. 30min after administration of the fifth day, experimental group, positive group and the model group injected Isoprenaline hydrochloride on the neck for three or four subcutaneous, the dose was 20mg/kg for
3days[4].
3 The activity of LDH, CK for the blood plasma and the level of SOD, MDA for stomach tissue were investigated.
After 2 hours of the last Isoprenaline hydrochloride injection modeling, the mice blood from eyes was separated, then determinate the LDH, CK activity. Remove the complete heart, dubbed 10% with normal saline in cardiac tissue homogenate at 4 °C, centrifugal extraction supernatant at 3500r/min, measured SOD activity, MDA content.
4 Experimental myocardial ischemia hypoxia tolerances in mice
After 15min of the last Isoprenaline hydrochloride injection modeling, the mice were placed in 150ml of lime with sodium sealed 5g jar, cover the stopper to the record the duration until them stopping breathing.
5 Experimental data with mean ± standard deviation(x ±s), and test for statistical analysis.
Results and discussion
Table1 Comparison of the Isoproterenol induced myocardial ischemia in serum LDH, CK activity(
x ±s) _
group number CK(U/L) LDH-L(U/L)_
Blank 10 704.66±91.62** 407.58±35.16**
Model 10 998.74±100.57AA 641.5±39.83AA
Positive 10 733.7±112.1** 30.02±53.51**
H. C 10 852.63±112.42*A 469.78±71.23 **
S. M 10 839.69±58.88*A 506.94±51.82*A
1:1 10 800.28±128.54** 471.59±61.89**
1:2 10 712.85±84.62** 464.04±54.88**
2:1_10 851.51±130.97*A525.66±54.82**A_
Note : To compare with model group : *P<0.05, **P<0.01 To compare with blank group:AP<0.05, AAP<0.01
Table 1 shows : To compare with model group, the other groups have significant difference (P<0.05n P<0.01), we can get the experimental mice in each group had effects on myocardial ischemia. The positive group,1:2, 2:1 group can protect the myocardial ischemia mice clearly.
Table2 Comparison of the groups for the SOD, MDA (x ±s)_
group number SOD(U/mgprot)MDA (nmol/mgprot)
blank 10 177.02±45.84** 2.94±0.69**
model 10 122.6±23.48AA 5.58±1.07AA
positive 10 168.62±46.01* 3.90±0.97**
H.C 10 150.23±39.89 4.42±1.43A
S.M 10 153.28±28.88* 4.08±0.97*A
1:1 10 152.84±31.85* 3.82±1.33*
1:2 10 158.58±24.51** 3.52±1.21**
2:1 10 150.21±25.37* 3.95±0.64**
Note : To compare with model group : *P<0.05, **P<0.01 To compare with blank group : AP<0.05, AAP<0.01
Table 2 shows : To compare with blank, the other groups except the model group have no significant difference, the positive group ,the S.M group ,1:1group and the 2:1 group have
significant difference with the model group (P<0.05.The 1:2group has the most obvious difference.
It can distinct increased SOD activity and decreased MDA content (P <0.01).
Table 3 Experimental groups induced myocardial ischemia in hypoxia tolerance in mice (x ±s)
group number alive time
blank 10 16.46±1.27**
model 10 11.97±1.41AA
positive 10 15.48±1.31**
H.C 10 13.15±1.43A
S.M 10 14.07±1.76
1:1 10 14.72±2.29*
1:2 10 15.24±1.23**
2:1 10 13.89±1.39
Note : To compare with modelgroup : *P<0.05, **P<0.01
To compare with blankgroup : AP<0.05, AAP<0.01
Table 3 shows : The positive group, 1:2, 1:1 group can significantly prolong the time of myocardial ischemia mice's hypoxia,which can protect the myocardial ischemia mice clearly.
Myocardial ischemia is the basic pathophysiological process of coronary heart disease, myocardial ischemia due to reduced blood flow, oxygen cannot get enough can lead myocardial ischemia. Myocardial ischemia and hypoxia can cause myocardial cell metabolism disorder, particularly sharp drop in energy generation materials, which is hard to maintain normal heart function, reduced myocardial contractility and the diastolic dysfunction. Because of the blood flow interruption, the product is difficult to remove harmful . H.attenuatum Choisy and Salvia miltiorrhiza can clear the ischemic parts of the free radicals, prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis, which can enhance myocardial contractility, heart rate; which can relieve acute ischemia and myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury and improve Ischemic myocardial hypoxia, reduced myocardial infarct; myocardial ischemia and damage can be repaired, preserved cardiac function.Therefore, compatibility of H.attenuatum Choisy and Salvia miltiorrhiza effect from the multi-channel, multi-target interference, although each division, but may help solve the problem for the use and enhance the efficacy of the original.
Conclusions
In this study, mice with Isoprenaline hydrochloride copy myocardial ischemia, H.attenuatum Choisy and Salvia miltiorrhiza compatibility of its protective effect in each group. The results showed that: H.attenuatum Choisy and Salvia miltiorrhiza compatibility 2:1 group can significantly reduce the LDH, CK levels, increased SOD activity and decreased MDA content, extend the time of myocardial ischemia and hypoxia. So, under the same condition of compatibility does myocardial ischemia has protective effect in mice.
It is based on the special effects of the H.attenuatum Choisy and Salvia miltiorrhiza on the Myocardial Ischemia. On the tradition Chinese medicine compatibility theory, It remedy the Myocardial Ischemia with two medicine, which have broad prospects for development. We will consider the studies of exact dose, the formulations and clinical in the future. References
[1]GAO Yan-yu. Attenuatum Choisy extract on the isolated heart of left ventricular function [J]. Chinese journal of information on tradition Chinese medicine,2009,26(4) : 84 - 86
[2] CHEN Xiang-rong. The pharmacological effects of Salvia miltiorrhiz[J]. Chinese journal of hospital pharmacy,2001, 21(1) : 44 - 46
[3]SONG Chun-rong. Hance notoginseng extracts on experimental ischemic myocardial protection [J]. information on traditional Chinese medicine,2008, 25(2). 25 - 28
[4]SHE Bao-rui. Pivanampeta on isoproterenol-induced myocardial ischemia in mice[J]. Chinese journal of clinical pharmacology and therapeutics.2004, 9(6):637-6392
[5]LI Miao. Salvia orally disintegrating tablet on myocardial protection ischemia and hypoxia[J]. Shenyang Pharmaceutical University,2007, 24(12): 773 - 775.
The Summary of Proteomics Technology Apply to Ischemic Stroke Research
Ting-ting Zhang, Xi-cheng Jiang
(College of Graduate students, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine,Harbin Heilongjiang
P.R,China)
Abstract : Proteomics is one part of the molecular biology, which have been widely used in medical research and have important role in guiding disease prevention, diagnosis , treatment and discovery of new drug targets. Ischemic stroke is high incidence of cerebrovascular disease right
