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ARTICLE INFO
STUDY OF CYLINDRICAL GEARS Abduxakim Nigmatovich Abdullayev
Tashkent State Pedagogical University, Department of "Technological Education Methodology", assistant professor,Tashkent city.
Ochilov Ilxom
Student.TT-101 group, Tashkent State Pedagogical University, Faculty
of professional education Meliyeva Muxabbat Student.TT-301 group Tashkent State Pedagogical University, Faculty
of professional education https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10776181
ABSTRACT
Received: 24th February 2024 Accepted: 28th February 2024 Online: 29th February 2024
KEYWORDS Spur gears, spur, crooked, herringbone gears, blocks, pinion shaft, keys, designs of main gear parts.
Familiarization with the basic design of cylindrical gears (blocks, pinion shaft) and their elements (ring gear, rims, disk, hub, chamfers, key grooves), types of external and internal gears (straight, curved, chevron gear), ring gear and with the parameters of other elements. Measurements and calculations of geometric parameters of gears using conventional measuring instruments.
RESULTS:
The design of the gear wheel can be straight (Fig. 6 a, b) or linear angle (Fig. 6, c); in rare cases, gears are made with double-sided hubs. Almost any gear includes the following elements: 1 ring gear, 2 rims, 3 disk, 4 hub, 5 a hole mounted on the shaft, 6 a key or spline grooves.
The gear is considered to be the main element of gears and wheels because the main function of the gear is carried out by these teeth. In small-diameter gears, which are located in the rim and are attached to the hub using toothed crown disks, the rim disk and hub are made in one piece (Fig. 6, a). The outermost element of the hub of a narrow gear (if 1<b) determines the location of the wheel in the shaft, and the outermost element of the toothed ring rim is used to fasten the workpiece in the process of cutting a tooth. Therefore, they are manufactured with high precision.
To reduce the volume of precision mechanical processing, grooves with a cavity of
1.......2 mm are cut into the disk of a narrow gear wheel (Fig. 1 b, c). In order to reduce the
weight of gear wheels with a large diameter, to save the material produced and reduce its cost, a hole will be made between the rim and the hub. The rim with a toothed rim and the outer chamfers of the hub are trimmed.
If the direction of the tooth corresponds to the pitch of the cylinder, then the wheel is called a cylindrical spur gear. Teeth of a crooked gear wheel be located with the wheel axle forming a certain angle p. But despite this, crooked gears are also trimmed with a rack that trims straight teeth. To do this, the cutting tool is bent according to the required angle inclination p tooth. Thus, the tooth shapes taken along the vertical section of the teeth (that is, the module) correspond to straight gears. In some cases, curved gears can be made in pairs, that is, two crowns are cut for one rim.
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Rice. 6. Common design types of gears:
a) flat, b) with a smooth cavity, c) with an elongated hub,
d) with a dislocation on the disc.
Such wheels are called herringbone gears. They differ from other cylindrical wheels in terms of width and manufacturing with a groove in the cutting process to guide the hob cutter.
Wheels containing two, three, four ring gears with different diameters are called gear blocks. They are often used in gearboxes of technological machines and in most cases the gear blocks are mounted on splined shafts. Because these shafts ensure the shift of gear blocks in the direction of the wasp.
Gear shaft. Gear gears can be made according to two design options: together with the shaft - the gear shaft and separately installed gears. Gear shaft is considered one of the more advanced designs. Therefore, in most cases, the gears of the gearbox are made in one piece with the shaft. In the manufacture of gear shafts, the teeth are cut in the shafts, so special places are left on the structure for cutting the teeth or the teeth are cut on a flat surface of the shaft.
Main parameters of gears The main parameters of gears include:
P
m =
Normal tooth modulus
P
Normal tooth pitch - n
Tooth circumference pitch
n
Pi =
P.
cosß
m„
Modulus of tooth circumference -
Slope of tooth line angle -Number of teeth - Z,
m =
cosß
Pitch circle diameter
d = mt Z,
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Design options for the gear shaft are shown in Fig. 8.
EE - ^3-)-
M «*
k
Rice. 8. Design options for gear shafts:
a) cylindrical, teeth arranged through.
b) cylindrical gear, cut to the surface of the shaft.
ST-SEV 310-76 according to the state standard is given in Table 2. table 2
Cog module values
Rows Rows Modulus of teeth, mm
1 1; 1,25; 2;2, 25; 3;4; 6;8; 10; 12; 16; 20; 25
2 1,25; 1,375; 1,75; 2,25; 3,5; 4;5; 5,5; 7;9; 11;14;18; 22
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T№ Defining parameter Definition Unit measure Calculation formula Measurem ent results
1 2 3 4 5 6
1 Tooth head Da MM measured
diameter Do MM measured
2 Riminner diameter Be MM measured
Rim thickness df MM df =d -2.5 mn
3 Tooth stem ß rpagyc measured
4 diameter mn MM mn =0.5/2.25
Teeth angle mn MM ST SEV 310-76
5 inclination Z goHa Counted
Normal module d1 MM d1=mz
6 Standard normal br MM measured
module C MM measured
7 Number of teeth 1ct MM measured
8 Pitch diameter dcT MM measured
9 Prong crown width Disc thickness dB MM measured
10 Hub length B m MM measured
11 Hub diameter bm MM measured
12 Hole diameter for doTB MM measured
13 installed shaft
14 Key dislocation
15 cavity Key dislocation
16 width
17 Disc hole diameter
A s
(etch drawing of a gear is shown in Fig. 9.
Innovative Academy Research Support Center UIF = 8.1 | SJIF = 7.899 www.in-academy.uz
Fig. 9
CONCLUSION:
Laboratory equipment: Toothed cylindrical wheels with different (5-6 types) design forms (straight, crooked, chevron gear, blocks, pinion shaft, keys and others), posters, diagrams, a set of keys, a metalwork ruler (0-300 mm) , calipers (0-300 mm), calipers, angle meter or protractor, educational literature and others.
Contents of the work: Study of gears, the design of the main parts of gears. Typically, when engaged, a small gear in one pair is called a gear, and a large gear is called a wheel. If both wheels work equally, then it is called a drive gear, a driven wheel. Gear is a general term.
Work order
1. Inspect the external output of the gear wheel, become familiar with its design, and determine the types of wheels. Write the inspection results on the report.
2. Draw a sketch of the gear presented by the teacher, pay attention to the design of its elements (ring gear, rim, disk, hub, hole for the shaft, key locations, chamfers). Show measured and calculated parameters on a sketch drawing.
3. Take the measurements shown on the drawing in this wheel and determine the following:
а) diameter of the tooth head - da';
б) ring gear width - br ;
r) key ejection cavity dB+ti and width bm;
5) length Ict and diameter d ct hub;
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6) rim thickness
7) rim inner diameter -^o;
8) disc thickness - C;
9) disc hole diameter doTB if they exist;
10) chamfers.fx=54°.
4. After writing the marks of the tooth head using a protractor or angle meter, measure the angle of inclination - P traces Include the measured value from the report in the table.
Innovative Academy Research Support Center UIF = 8.1 | SJIF = 7.899 www.in-academy.uz
We will write a report on the work done.
References:
1. Abdullayev, A. ZAMONAVIY CHILANGARLIK HAQIDA MA'LUMOT. «Eurasian Journal of Academic Research» xalqaro ilmiy jurnali (ISSN: 2181-2020) 2024 yil 2-soni 29.02.2024 https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10726968. https://in-academy.uz/index.php/ejar/article/view/28297
2. Abdullayev, A. (2024). A STUDY OF ENCLOSED CYLINDRICAL AND BEVEL GEAR REDUCERS. Наука и инновация, 2(6), 148-154.
3. https://in-academy.uz/index.php/si/article/view/28348
4. Abdullayev, A. (2024). USE OF MEASURING INSTRUMENTS. В INTERNATIONAL BULLETIN OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY (Т. 4, Выпуск 2, сс. 113-119). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10726900
5. Abdullayev, A. (2023). METHODS OF PROBLEM SOLVING IN THEORETICAL MECHANICS COURSES. International Bulletin of Applied Science and Technology, 3(9), 282-287.
6. Abdullayev, AN (2023). Pedagogical Description of the Formation of Professional Competence in Students of a Higher Education Institution . Vol. 4 No. 2 (2023): AJSHR March 9, 2023 . American journal ajshr , "Global Research Network LLC" ISSN: 2690-9626 (online), Published by "Global Research Network LLC" under Volume: 4 Issue: 2 in Feb-2023 https://globalresearchnetwork .us/ index.php / ajshr
7. Abdullayev, AN (2023). Methodology of problem solving in technical mechanics classes. Scientific electronic magazine "Science and Education". Volume 4 Issue 4 https://drive.google.com/file/d/1GJzuiTGK_lTj 7HReL8Pl6 yMqytgpgj 1 /view?usp=share_link . ISSN 2181-0842 . APRIL 2023 . 684-688
8. Abdullayev.A.N "Pedagogical Description of the Formation of Professional Competence in Students of a Higher Education Institution" AMERICAN JOURNAL AJSHR, "Global Research Network LLC. Vol. 4 No. 2 (2023): AJSHR March 9, 2023. ISSN: 2690-9626 (online), Published by "Global Research Network LLC" under Volume: 4 Issue: 2 in Feb-2023 https://globalresearchnetwork.us/index.php/ajshr
9. Abdullayev.A.N "Maxsus fanlarni o'qitishning professional ta'lim tizimidagi ahamiyati" Analytical Journal of Education and Development. Volume: 03 Issue: 05 May- 2023 ISSN: 2181-2624 www.sciencebox.uz 145-147 pades
10. Abdullayev.A.N "technology of organization of educational workshops of technological education" European Chemical Bulletin Scops Eur. Chem. Bull. 2023, 12 (Special Issue8),255-261 pages
11. Abdullayev, AN (2023). Methodology of problem solving in technical mechanics classes. Scientific electronic magazine "Science and Education". Volume 4 Issue 4 https://drive.google.com/file/d/1GJzuiTGK_lTj 7HReL8Pl6 _yMqytgpgj1/view?usp=share_link . ISSN 2181-0842 . APRIL 2023 . 684-688
