CC BY
0The 30th International Conference on Advanced Laser Technologies B-O-12
ALT'23
Studies on the structure and biocompatibility of multilayer laser formed material based on nanotubes and biopolymers for myocardial
regeneration
U. Kurilova1'2, D. Murashko2, A. Kuksin2, Yu. Vasilevskaya2, K. Khorkov3,
A. Gerasimenko12
1 - Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 8 Trubetskaya str., Moscow 119991, Russia 2 - National Research University of Electronic Technology MIET, 1, Shokin Square, Zelenograd, Moscow 124498,
Russia
3 - Vladimir State University, 87 Gorky str., Vladimir 600000, Russia Main author email address: kurilova_10@mail.ru
Currently, cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of mortality. Researchers efforts are focused on improving the regeneration of damaged cardiac tissue in coronary heart disease with tools of tissue engineering, where the patient's own cells form living tissue after cultivation on biocompatible scaffold of proper structure.
One of the promising classes of materials used for regeneration of damaged myocardium is composite materials with nanoparticles and biopolymers [1,2]. The multilayer biomaterial based on carbon nanotubes and proteins (collagen and albumin) and chitosan, obtained by layer-by-layer laser formation, is a good option for these purposes. Each of the biopolymer layers has specific properties for the best mechanical support and successful cell adhesion and proliferation. Laser treatment forms a strong electrically conductive scaffold of carbon nanotubes in the volume of the material, biopolymers ensure the necessary surface characteristics and high biocompatibility.
The obtained samples were analyzed using microscopy, vibrational spectroscopy and X-ray microtomography. The micro- and nanoarchitecture of the layers of the multicomponent structure for regeneration of myocardium tissue was evaluated with a scanning microscope. The albumin-based layer with single-walled nanotubes has a porous surface with the presence of elevations, which contributes to the adhesion of the cell culture. The chitosan and SWCNT layer is characterized by a porous grid, with nanotubes evenly distributed across the surface. Individual nanotubes and their bundles formed fine pores from 1 to 5 ^m under the action of laser radiation. The layer based on collagen and SWCNT has a high degree of porosity, networks of individual nanotubes are observed inside the pores.
The X-ray microtomography data revealed that the samples had a homogeneous structure. The porosity of the layers increases with increasing power of laser radiation during formation process. Open pores prevail in all the experimental samples, which provides the possibility of blood vessels ingrowth into the material structure. Chitosan and SWCNT layer had the highest porosity. Vibrational spectroscopy made it possible to assess the influence of laser radiation on the organic components of the layers of the multicomponent structure for regeneration of myocardium tissue and prove the process of nanotube structurization, as it was seen on the microscopy images. Among the proteins, collagen was the most resistant to heating by radiation, because the characteristic bands were found on the spectra. Chitosan was the most laser-resistant of all the studied organic materials.
Cellular studies showed improved cell proliferation on the samples compared to the control. In the process of laser treatment, a grid was formed on the surface of the samples, the cells were aligned along the lines of laser structuring. The morphology of the cultured cells did not differ from the morphology of the cells in the control samples, which indicates the absence of toxicity.
This work was financed by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation within the framework of state support for the creation and development of World-Class Research Centers "Digital biodesign and personalized healthcare" № 075-15-2022-304.
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[2] Y. Wu, L. Wang, B. Guo, P. X. Ma, Interwoven aligned conductive nanofiber yarn/hydrogel composite scaffolds for engineered 3D cardiac
anisotropy. Acs Nano, vol. 11, pp. 5646-5659, (2017).
