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Section 1. Applied linguistic
DOI:10.29013/EJLL-24-1-3-10
STRUCTURAL-SEMANTIC STUDY OF THE MEANS OF LINGUISTIC EXPRESSION OF THE CONCEPT "KINSHIP" IN ENGLISH AND UZBEK
Uliqova Mavludakhon1
1 Andijan State Institute of Foreign Languages, Andijan, Uzbekistan
Cite: Uliqova M. (2024). Structural-Semantic Study of the Means of Linguistic Expression of the Concept"Kinship" in English and Uzbek. European Journal of Literature and Linguistics 2024, No 1. https://doi.org/10.29013/EJLL-24-1-3-10
Abstract
The word also means those who come to a particular mosque with regular prayer. By combining this word with its first meaning into a cognate word, a people-relative pair word is constructed. Among the parts of this pair of words -it is worth writing in the manner of a relative-a people, if he participates in a binding.
Keywords: semantic, kinship, structural, means, english, uzbek, language, concept, relation, brother, sister, father, mother
Introduction
"The third new International Dictionary of the English language" of the annotated dictionary "Webster" (Webster's third new international dictionary of the English Language", Konemann, 1993) according to the publication of the concept of "blood-relative", which is part of the noun phrase category, this term began to enter into communication in 1833 (Webster's third international dictionary of the English language. Konemann. 1993. 2). Focusing on its meanings in the dictionary: kinship (Webster's third international dictionary of the English language. Konemann. 1993. 3) - the quality or state of being kin: (quality or condition of kinship). Kinship (Webster's third international dictionary of the English language. Konemann. 1993. 5) -
affinity, connection, relation, association, relationship, bearing, linkage liaison (affinity, attachment, Union, kinship relationship, attachment relationship).
First of all, considering also the etymological origin of the kinship lexeme: Middle English, from Old English cynn; akin to Old High German chunni race, Latin genus birth, race, kind, Greek genos, Latin gignere to beget, Greek gignesthai to be born (Webster's third international dictionary of the English language. Konemann. 1993. 9) - cynn from Middle English, Old English; similar to the chunni race from old high German, from Latin birth, race, species, Greek genos, Latin gig-nere birth, Greek gignesthai from birth (Kin. 2024. 23). The earliest use of the word dates from the 12 th century.
Etymological Dictionary of the Uzbek language (Rahmatullayev Sh., 2003. 523) we focus on the definition given to the blood-cognate concept: a people is an Arabic word with the form of a people(un) (APC, 667); the original is a chapter I mas-dari formed by the meaning of the ambiguous qama verb "formed" (APC, 666)., (ATG, 142) people in kinship relations', meaning urut (O'TIL, II, 532). The word also means those who come to a particular mosque with regular prayer. By combining this word with its first meaning into a cognate word, a people-relative pair word is constructed. Among the parts of this pair of words - it is worth writing in the manner of a relative-a people, if he participates in a binding.
In the Explanatory Dictionary of the Uzbek language, we also cite the definitions given to the concept of "blood-relative": kinship (O'zbek tilining izohli lug'ati Q-harfi. - B. 135) people born to one parent, belonging to one generation (relative to one another); relative, blood.
Blood-kinship (O'zbek tilining izohli lug'ati Q-harfi.-B. 135) - kinship, consanguinity; intimacy. It turns out that the great friendship of our Sirboy Rings is on par with the day of the beginning of the blood-brotherhood. Mirtemir, Well, My Liver.
Kinship (O'zbek tilining izohli lug'ati Q-harfi. - B. 55). Kinship. Maternal kinship. I know that it is related to our neighbor.
2. Kinship hos connection, attitude; blood connection between humans. Tajiboy muttered and replied: "Olaho'ja mahsum will be my uncle. Previously there were unch-came by kinship. P. Tursun, "O'qituvchi".
3 ayn. Kinship. Tell your husband that when I did not have kinship, you would lay down your hammocks in your beds. T. Malik, "Ajab dunyo".
We have observed that there is also a similar lexeme in English, meaning a kin-shiplexeme. The Webster's Dictionary of the English language defines: blood relative (Webster's third international dictionary of the English language. Konemann. 1993. 5) - someone who has the same parents or ancestors as another person. Your sister is your blood relative, but your brother-in-law is not.
Main Part
We will witness that the concept of "kinship" in the Uzbek language is given as the definition that comes. This also suggests that there is semantic bias between the two peoples.
Examples of the Kin lexeme include: He feels a strong kinship with other survivors of the war feelings of kinship between the team's players and their fans (Webster's third international dictionary of the English language. Konemann. 1993. 5).
The lexeme "Kin "may also refer to the lexeme" clan" as a conceptuo-sphere
Quoting the annotation to the lexeme "clan" in the Webster annotated dictionary: celtic group especially in the Scottish Highlands comprising a number of households whose heads claim descent from a common ancestor (Webster's third international dictionary of the English language. Konemann. 1993. 36).
A group of people tracing descent from a common ancestor: Family-the whole clan gets together for the holidays.
We can also cite the relationship as a con-seprosphere to another "kin" concept. The Relationship lexeme is considered a relationship that binds or binds relationship participants, and it can also be used as a conceptuo-sphere to the kinshiplexeme.
For example: He had a good relationship with his family
The relationship between the two countries has improved.
She has a close relationship with her sister.
She has had many bad relationships.
I am not in a relationship right now (Webster's third international dictionary of the English language. Konemann. 1993. 2203).
Quoting also phraseological units of the Relationship lexeme:
bear little relationship (Webster's third international dictionary of the English language. Konemann. 1993. 2207) - to be very different from;
to have no obvious connection to (Webster's third international dictionary of the English language. Konemann. 1993. 2407) - not having a clear connection with
Her earlier paintings bear little relationship to her later work.
love — hate relationship (Webster's third international dictionary of the English language. Konemann. 1993. 2401) - strong feelings of love and hatred for someone.
I have a love-hate relationship with my ex-husband.
Semantically Ma'n lexeme affinity to the conceptuosphere of another "kinship" lexeme (Webster's third international dictionary of the English language. Konemann. 1993. 2407) - let us also comment on the lexeme: as a horse - means a relationship built through marriage. She has an affinity to him because of their common musical interests. Affinity (Webster's third international dictionary of the English language. Konemann. 1993. 2407) - the lexeme is also used in the sense of similarity based on relationship or cause-and-effect binding. Denotes a type of relationship that shares similarity in terms of biological origin and is also similar on the general side of origin.
Even if there is no further bloodthirsty, a blood-related lexeme may also be used to refer to the Shahs who joined the family through marriage. An example of this is the bride, groom, quda-anda and others.
We will also cite lexemes that represent the concept of kinshipin Uzbek.
Kinship ties first begin with the family. We first bring to the family lexeme from the comments given in the Explanatory Dictionary of the Uzbek language.
1. Family (O'zbek tilining izohli lug'ati O-harfi.- B. 29) - child, honadon; seed, generation. A set of cohabiting persons consisting of a couple, their children and the nearest bearers; the household. Achille family. Family of artists. Head of the family. (Eshvoy) Despite being poor, to the family of a Road Runner was providing assistance. Aybek, "Selected works".
Each member of the family is busy with his work. H. G'ulom, "Mash'al".
Interest in someone, build a family. These statements made Zamira fearful, Ochil seemed to start him on a bad path. P. Qad-irov, "Three roots".
Looking at the English explanation of the family lexeme: using the definition given to the family lexeme in the Webster's Dictionary of English: family — (Webster's third international dictionary of the English language.
Konemann. 1993. 1452) - the basic unit in society traditionally consisting of two parents rearing their children. Also: any of various social units differing from but regarded as equivalent to the traditional family spouse and children (Webster's third international dictionary of the English language. Konemann. 1993. 145) the phrase is used to refer to people who can afford to spend a lot of time together with their family.
2. Household (Webster's third international dictionary of the English language. Konemann. 1993. 145) - group of individuals living under one roof and usually under one head;
Fellowship (Webster's third international dictionary of the English language. Konemann. 1993. 145) - a group of people united by a certain belief or commonality;
Family (Webster's third international dictionary of the English language. Konemann. 1993. 145) the lexeme can also be used as an adjective word category. Applies to areas designed or suitable for children and adults. For example, family restaurants, family movies;
Results
One active lexeme representing the Kin lexeme is the jigarband (O'zbek tilining izohli lug'ati. E-harfi.- B. 23) lexeme. In the Explanatory Dictionary of the Uzbek language, the lexeme jigarband (O'zbek tilining izohli lug'ati. E-harfi.- B. 23) is defined as follows: the nearest one-bearing relative (child, brother. Sister). Mothers with eyes on the way of their liverbands, boys and girls who grew up with a father-free kiss, heart-broken blood on the child stain are fathers even less now? N. Safarov, "Olovli izlar". Perhaps the victim is missing her mother, her liverbands, her lover, and her heart is burning in the peat grass. T. Rustamov, "Mangu jasorat". Elgeli, as if feeling the cold breath of death, would stand to justify himself in front of a lonely jigarbandi. A. Mukhtor, "Qoraqalpoq".
Jigargo'sha (O'zbek tilining izohli lug'ati. E-harfi. - B. 23) the lexeme kin can also be used as a conceptuosphere to the related lexeme. Meaning - child, jigar (O'zbek tilining izohli lug'ati. E-harfi. - B. 23). Have you come to me, my Lord, healthy? Harmonious and I. Sultan, Alisher Navoy. The liverworts
sat down their food. M. Mukhamedov, "In the footsteps of the hero".
1. Now let's start by quoting the lexemes that represent the "blood-relative" concept one after the other: grandfather (O'zbek tilin-ing izohli lug'ati. B-harfi.- B. 162) - (father; grandfather; elder) 1. Father or mother's father (nisabtan to grandson). Grandfather's mole eccan is a name eccan for himself. Proverb. My grandfather looked at me with an eagle necklace. S. Akhmad, "Star". The boy drank his grandfather without seeing him two or three times. S. Akhmad, "Ufq".
2. Related people who lived in the past, ancestors. If the great-grandfather mirzo did not take Samarkand faster, the Kingdom left by the great-grandfathers may have passed to the forefront of an alien dynasty. P. Kadyrov, starry nights, I spoke from the grandfathers, but there is one God. A. Oripov, the wind of my land.
3. The saint is used in addition to the name of Saints. The person is grandfather Zainiddin. Grandpa Zangi. May grandfather Hizr raise your hand high. U. Ismailov, Not Elected.
Focusing on our next lexeme: buva (O'zbek tilining izohli lug'ati. B-harfi.- B. 230) - grandfather. When his grandmother does business, Nigora helps, "Oh, oh, ermak-kinam, dastyorginam!" - said her grandmother. S. Anorboev, Oqsoy. Grandma's words were reminiscent of a softly boiling Bell spring. "Happiness".
Grandfather (Webster's third international dictionary of the English language. Konemann. 1993.- B. 143) - the father of one's father or mother.
Ancestor (Webster's third international dictionary of the English language. Konemann. 1993.- B. 145) - (one from whom a person is descended and who is usually more remote in the line of descent than a grandparent) Her ancestors came to America in the 1880 s.
Forefather (Webster's third international dictionary of the English language. Konemann. 1993.- B. 145) - a person of an earlier period and common heritage.
Our forefathers bought this farm, and our family has worked it for three generations
During our study, we observed that there is also a lexeme that is used to
mean primogenitor (Webster's third international dictionary of the English language. Konemann. 1993.- B. 145), another ancestral meaning ancestor, forefather.
Another lexeme, the nanny (O'zbek tilin-ing izohli lug'ati. E-harfi.- B. 24) - lexeme, can also be considered part of the kinship-lexeme, since the wife who raised someone's child, that is, the one who helped take care of the family child, can be seen as a relative, but the kinshipcannot be counted. The two nannies lifted their Sarpos and entered behind Zuhra. S. Abdullah, Tahir and Zukhra. According to the agreement, the boyhood began to bring the girl into Yan's hands after a few hours every day. D. Nuri, pillar of Heaven.
If we also give the turn to the lexeme mother (O'zbek tilining izohli lug'ati. O-harfi.- B. 57), the heart of the concept of "blood-relative": - a wife with a child or children (in relation to the children who gave birth themselves); a wife with a child. Mother with many children. If the child does not cry, then the mother does not give a pacifier. Proverb. Erka tutsa mother, taltayadi child. Proverb. The girl got up in the morning and immediately gave her mother a grudge. Oy-bek, Selected Works.
Considering the definition given to the mother lexeme in English too: mother (Webster's third international dictionary of the English language. Konemann. 1993.- B. 145) is a female parent. Synonyms: mom, mama, momma, mamma, mommy, ma, mammy, mater, stepmother, matron, old lady, matriarch, materfamilias, superwoman, supermom (Webster's third international dictionary of the English language. Konemann. 1993.- B. 145).
We can also use the mother lexeme in the adjective word category example. In it, its meaning can be applied in its meanings, such as belonging to the mother or characteristic of the mother. For example, she often offered to babysit for friends, hoping to satisfy her mother urges until she had children of her own (Webster's third international dictionary of the English language. Konemann. 1993.- B. 145). Synonyms: maternal, parental, motherly, female, feminine, womanly, nurturing, caring, matronly, womanlike, womanish, matriarchal, giving;
Mother we have observed that the lexeme is also used as a verb: to bring forth
from the womb (Webster's third international dictionary of the English language. Konemann. 1993.- B. 145) — in the sense of giving birth from the uterus. I hope to mother at least one child; Synonyms: have, produce, deliver, birth, to give birth to, bear, father, drop, labor, breed, spawn, reproduce, get, sire, generate, kid, propagate, multiply, beget, litter, kindle, pup, kitten, calve, whelp;
The next lexeme in line is the parent (O'zbek tilining izohli lug'ati. O-harfi.- B. 83) lexeme. If we consider the annotation to the ota lexeme in the Explanatory Dictionary of the Uzbek language: father (O'zbek tilin-ing izohli lug'ati. O-harfi.- B. 83) - a child, child-a jackal husband person (in relation to his own children). Without a father, the father does not know his value. Proverb. Did you remember that you were a father? A. Kadiriy, "O'tkan kunlar". Tojiddin's father Ham had died shortly after the death of his old woman. S. Zunnunova, "Fire".
When we look at the comments to the father lexeme in English too: father (Webster's third international dictionary of the English language. Konemann. 1993.- B. 145) is the male gender of the parent. Synonyms for the special relationship that exists between fathers and sons: dad, daddy, papa, pa, pop, poppa, sire, stepfather, pater, old man, patriarch, father figure, paterfamilias, father image.
The second meaning of the Father lexeme is applied in the sense of a person who constitutes an entirely new field of activity, knowing the meaning of the founder. Sir Isaac Newton is regarded by many as the father of modern science.
Providing a series of synonymic series to the founding meaning of the Father lexeme: founder, creator, inventor, author, pioneer, begetter, maker, originator, generator, sire, institutor, initiator, founding father, designer, inaugurator, establisher, instituter, innovator, builder, cofounder, developer, researcher, producer, promoter, introducer, contriver, formulator, organizer, cocreator, spawner, conceiver, inspirer, deviser, researchist, encourager, inspiration, galvanizer (Webster's third international dictionary of the English language. Konemann. 1993.- B. 152).
We have observed that the Father lexeme is also used in the sense of a large father: (Webster's third international dictionary of
the English language. Konemann. 1993.- B. 152) - a person who is several generations earlier in an individual's line of descent;
For example, Our fathers founded this nation on the fundamental belief that no person is entitled to rule by divine right; Synonyms: grandfather, ancestor, grandmother, forefather, progenitor, forebear, forbear, primogenitor, forebearer, predecessor, patriarch, ancestry, matriarch, ancestress, grandsire, antecessor, foremother, sire, antecedents, roots (Webster's third international dictionary of the English language. Konemann. 1993.- B. 152).
Anonyms: family, children, descendant, son, daughter, offspring, issue, seed, stock, progeny, descendent, lineage, posterity, heir, successor, scion, inheritor (Webster's third international dictionary of the English language. Konemann. 1993.- B. 152).
Father focusing on the lexeme also being used in the sense of Lord: father (Webster's third international dictionary of the English language. Konemann. 1993.- B. 152) - capitalized the being worshipped as the creator and ruler of the universe. For example, Paul Revere somehow found room in his small house for the large family he had fathered; Synonyms: sire, spawn, produce, beget, reproduce, get, propagate, multiply, generate, procreate, bear, gender, engender (Webster's third international dictionary of the English language. Konemann. 1993.- B. 152).
Father phraseological units in the lexeme: founding father; father figure;
Another verbalizer of the "kinship" concept is the lexeme brother (O'zbek tilining izohli lug'ati A-harfi.- B. 37). Brother (O'zbek tilining izohli lug'ati A-harfi.- B. 37) — 1. the eldest son born to one parent (in relation to his younger, younger brothers). Big Brother.
Now let's focus on the annotations of the brother lexeme in explanatory dictionaries of the English language: brother (O'zbek tilin-ing izohli lug'ati. E-harfi.- B. 152) - a male who has the same parents as another or one parent in common with another;
Synonyms or similar words: sister, cousin, sibling, family, relative, stepbrother, house, kinsman, stepsister, in-law, relation, kinswoman, tribe, race, people, clan, folk, kindred, blood, lineage, kinfolks, kinfolk,
stock, kinsfolk, kissing cousin, line (Webster's third international dictionary of the English language. Konemann. 1993.- B. 152).
Antonyms: nonrelative.
Brother lexeme monk (Webster's third international dictionary of the English language. Konemann. 1993.- B. 169) - we have observed that it is also used in the sense of a member of a male religious society: He was loved and respected among his brothers at the monastery.
Synonyms: monk, father, nun, preacher, bishop, friar, reverend, deacon, minister, cleric, abbot, mendicant, monastic, archbishop, clergyman, clerical, pope, dean, pastor, prelate, dominie, clergyperson, divine, ecclesiastic, clerk, presbyter, high priest, oblate, rector, churchman, padre, diocesan, vicar, monsignor, missionary, parson, abbé, curé, confessor, chaplain, shepherd, archpriest, curate, Holy Joe, sky pilot, revivalist, evangelist, missioner, novice, mother superior, Reverend, other, religious, priestess, abbess, missionizer, prioress, anchoress, high priestess, votary, deaconess, ancress, cloistress, conventual, clergywoman (Webster's third international dictionary of the English language. Konemann. 1993.- B. 169).
Antonyms: layman, lay reader, secular, lector, layperson.
Brother lexeme friend - can also be used in the sense of a person who feels a sense of solidarity: As veterans, we support our brothers and sisters in the military (Webster's third international dictionary of the English language. Konemann. 1993.- B. 169).
Synonyms or similar words in meaning: friend, comrade, partner, sister, buddy, fellow, colleague, pal, acquaintance, confidant, chum, compadre, confidante, intimate, peer, familiar, associate, musketeer, alter ego, crony, amigo, cohort, accomplice, ally, blood brother, companion, hearty, collaborator, mate, sport, benefactor, hobnob-ber, pen pal, abettor, supporter, main man, sympathizer, abetter, confederate, friendly, well-wisher (Webster's third international dictionary of the English language. Konemann. 1993.- B. 170).
Antonyms: competitor, opponent, adversary, rival, antagonist, enemy, foe, nemesis, archenemy (Webster's third international dictionary of the English language. Konemann. 1993.- B. 170);
When was the last time you called your brother?
Little brother (O'zbek tilining izohli lug'ati U-harfi.- B. 17) - 1. one parent is the younger of their sons (compared to older children). When his younger brother, har gal, left the house, he would have become an allanechuk, someone. C. Akhmad, Horizon. Sherali was then eleven to twelve, and his younger brother Mukhammadjan was a four-year-old boy. S. Karomatov, Golden Autumn.
In general, the youngest of their children, the youngest (in relation to the eldest). The maidens take a pot-hole, sidur-supur, their fists from their mother's hands, play their brother. S. Nurov, Frost does not hit the grass. He is twenty years old from his father, and he stares his brothers with difficulty. I. Rahim, Chin mukhabat.
Bro (Webster's third international dictionary of the English language. Konemann. 1993.- B. 172); - official. Brother. Tommy has a worldview that's larger than his baby bros.- Leah Rozen;
AQSH slengida: a male friend (Webster's third international dictionary of the English language. Konemann. 1993.- B. 172); (male friend); communicating with his siblings; One quirky edge the Olympics haven't yet sanded away is the habit of extreme athletes to stick together. Like, no matter where we're from, we're all bros. That kind of thing. - Devin Gordon et al.
b. used as a friendly way to refer to a man or child;
Hey, bro, what's up?
Catch you later, bro.
Looking at the definition given to the next bro lexeme: young male who is part of a group of similar male friends stereotypically characterized as hearty, athletic, self-confident, party-loving, etc.- A young man, part of a similar group of male friends, is stereo-typically described as sincere, athletic, confident, party-loving, etc. (Webster's third international dictionary of the English language. Konemann. 1993.- B. 172).
The recent season of "Project Greenlight," on HBO, made explicit how resistant to race talk Hollywood can be, a stifling culture of bros bonding with mirror versions of themselves. - Emily Nussbaum.
These were nerds who could pass for bros on a dorm-room sofa ...- Ben Mc Grath;
We have observed that the bro lexeme is used again before something else. It's the continuation of the bro culture. In my experience, in this world right now, white guys have an advantage. In their training, they've been given access and tools that I haven't. White men get behind each other and empower themselves. - Tanya Holland (Webster's third international dictionary of the English language. Konemann. 1993.- B. 173).
Another of the most active lexemes of the "kinship" concept is the sister (O'zbek tilin-ing izohli lug'ati O-harfi.- B. 60) - lexeme. Sister (O'zbek tilining izohli lug'ati O-harfi.-B. 60) - 1. in children born to one parent, the eldest daughter in relation to the younger (brothers, sisters) than herself. When her sister touched the ground, justice was an eleven-year-old girl. A. Khakhar, Girls. Nizamjan did not appear to his sister and went round the back of the nut. S. Akhmad, Horizon.
Let's also look at the use of the sister lexeme in English: sister (Webster's third international dictionary of the English language. Konemann. 1993.- B. 173) - a female who has one or both parents in common with;
Let us also cite a yan meaning of the sister lexeme: a member of the women's religious sect (like nuns or deacones);
Focusing also on its later meaning: a girl or woman who is a member of a Christian church (Webster's third international dictionary of the English language. Konemann. 1993.- B. 173) the Cistercian lexeme (a girl or woman who is a member of the Christian Church) is used here as a nun.
Let's look at the comments to another sister lexeme: a girl or woman regarded as a comrade (Webster's third international dictionary of the English language. Konemann. 1993.- B. 173) it appears that the sister lexeme applies here to a girl or woman considered a comrade.
Looking at the definition given to the next sister lexeme: a girl or woman who shares with another a common national or racial origin especially: a Black girl or woman (Webster's third international dictionary of the English language. Konemann. 1993.- B. 173), that is, a girl or woman with a common national or racial background with another person can
be applied equally especially: in the sense of a black girl or woman.
So bir one that is closely similar to or associated with another (Webster's third international dictionary of the English language. Konemann. 1993.- B. 173) - sister we have observed that the lexeme is used in the sense that it is closely similar or connected to another.
Conclusion
Let us also comment on the lexeme of the next sister O'zbek tilining izohli lug'ati. S-harfi.- B. 103): sister (O'zbek tilining izohli lug'ati. S-harfi.- B. 103) - (3-sh birl. single and single) 1. the youngest of the girls born to one parent (relative to their sisters, brothers). Little sister. Middle sister. Now my work will be right. Oybek, Selected Works. Solikh Makhdum stayed in Kokand with his mother and sixteen-year-old sister named Naima. A. Cairius, a scorpion from Mechrobe.
Quoting also the definition given to the sister lexeme in English: sister (Webster's third international dictionary of the English language. Konemann. 1993.- B. 174),- a female who has one or both parents in common with another (a woman whose parents have one or both in common with the other) ma'nosini bidi-radi. Quoting the sister lexeme again for other meanings: a member of a women's religious order (as of nuns or deaconesses) (Webster's third international dictionary of the English language. Konemann. 1993.- B. 174) - women are also used in the sense of a member of a religious denomination (like nuns or deacones), which is considered one of the ordinary Roman Catholic congregations; another sense is equally used in the sense of a girl or woman who is a member of the Christian Church. Sister lexeme is also commonly used when addressing women and girls as Comrade (Webster's third international dictionary of the English language. Konemann. 1993.- B. 174), (comrade). Again the sister lexeme is also applied to a girl or woman with a common national or racial background with another person, especially in relation to black women and girls.
Phraseological units used with the sister lexeme: foster brother/sister; big sister; sister chromatid; brother/sister/comrade in arms; little brother/sister; sob sister; sister city; soul sister; sister-in-law; weak
sister; half sister (Webster's third interna- tional dictionary of the English language.
Könemann. 1993.- B. 175).
References
Kin. "Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary, Merriam-Webster". URL: https://www.mem-
am-webster.com/dictionary/kin. Accessed: 2 Jan. 2024. Rahmatullayev Sh. O'zbek tilining etimologik lug'ati.-T.Universitet nahriyoti. 2003.- B. 523. O'zbek tilining izohli lug'ati A-harfi. - B. 37. O'zbek tilining izohli lug'ati. B-harfi.- B. 162-163. O'zbek tilining izohli lug'ati. E-harfi.- B. 24. O'zbek tilining izohli lug'ati. J-harfi.- B. 23. O'zbek tilining izohli lug'ati O-harfi.- B. 29. O'zbek tilining izohli lug'ati Q-harfi.- B. 139. O'zbek tilining izohli lug'ati. S-harfi.- B. 103. O'zbek tilining izohli lug'ati U-harfi.- B. 17.
Webster's third international dictionary of the English language. Könemann. 1993.- P. 2407.
submitted 05.02.2024; accepted for publication 22.02.2024; published 30.04.2024 © Uliqova M.
Contact: uliqova-1990@gmail.com
