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Section 4. Technical science
Agzamova Hilolahon Avazovna, JSC "UzLITIneftgaz", engineer, Laboratory "Industrial safety" Khaitov Odiljon Gafurovich, Tashkent State Technical University, Head of the department"Mining", Candidate of Geological-mineralogical Sciences.
E-mail: javokhir.toshov@yandex.ru
STATUS AND PROSPECTS ASSOCIATED GAS UTILIZATION AT THE FIELD UZBEKISTAN
Abstract: The article provides information about the projects and the ongoing work on the utilization of associated gas and reduce emissions of harmful substances into the atmosphere in the fields of Uzbekistan.
Keywords: oil and gas, hydrocarbon, transported, utilization, process.
In the years of independence, as in most countries of the world, environmental protection has legislatively been put in the rank of state policy. Adopted policy documents and legislation to improve the environmental situation, including the laws of the Republic of Uzbekistan "On Environmental Protection" (1992). "On Environmental Impact Assessment ' ' (2000.) and others.
Uzbekistan joined the international institutions of the UN, OSCE and others, ratified more than 9 environmental conventions and related protocols of their development, has signed 12 international agreements on cooperation in the field of environmental protection, including the "Greenhouse Gas" (1993). And "Kyoto Protocol" (1999). As you know, Uzbekistan is the largest country in terms of population in Central Asia with a vibrant economy [1, P. 72-75].
The energy potential of Uzbekistan is mainly associated with significant resources and reserves of oil and gas. Mining and gas reserves, Uzbekistan ranks
third among the CIS countries, and is one of the largest of its exporters. Development ofoil and gas industry relies on a good raw material base, which allows the country to provide not only the needs at the expense of their resources, but also contractual commitments to export natural gas in the near and far abroad.
Currently in the territory of Uzbekistan five oil and gas regions are known (Ustyurt, Bukhara-Khiva, Surkhandarya, Hissar and Fergana) and two promising (Khorezm and Mid-Syr Darya). These oil and gas regions as of 01.01.2012 discovered 242 oil and gas fields, of which 104 are in development, 66 prepared for the development of 72-in intelligence 121. Of the 68 producing fields contain deposits of oil, more than half belong to the category of oil and gas or gas-oil, ie contain gas caps. Reduction in reservoir pressure and gas lift wells on translation method of operating on the main fields of the Republic, such as Kokdumalak, North Urtabulak, Crook, South Ke-machi, Umid and others led to the increase in the
STATUS AND PROSPECTS ASSOCIATED GAS UTILIZATION AT THE FIELD UZBEKISTAN
volume of produced gas. Up to 2005. a significant amount of gas (about 5 billion cubic meters) flared, increasing emissions of air pollutants and greenhouse gas emissions.
It should be noted that the impact of global climate change is becoming a big challenge for the world. It is estimated that every year in the world burned 140 billion cubic meters of associated gas. In this regard, the utilization of associated gas produced in order to prevent negative impacts on the environment of emissions and resource has become one of the priorities of many oil-producing countries, in particular the implementation of investment projects in the oil and gas industry of Uzbekistan [2, P. 16-22]. In the preparation and implementation of these investment projects significant impetus was the liberalization of legislation in terms of attracting foreign investment. So, in 2000. was issued Presidential Decree "On measures to attract foreign direct investment in the exploration and production of oil and gas", would grant benefits to investors to compensate for their geological risks, in 2001. Law "On Production Sharing Agreements (PSA)", expands the rights of investors. In 2005. enacted important to stimulate investment law "On additional measures to stimulate the attraction of direct foreign investments", significantly broadens the scope of application of tax and other benefits.
The first investment project for utilization of associated gas was supplied to the gas condensate field Kokdumalak providing basic oil and condensate Republic. During the preparation of oil and gas condensate allocated petroleum gases and gases weathering flared polluting the atmosphere and increasing greenhouse gas emissions. In order to reduce flaring of associated gas and reduce harmful emissions into the atmosphere, as well as additional volumes of marketable gas and liquid hydrocarbons, in accordance with the decree of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan beat a joint venture "Kok-dumalakgaz" for the investme [nt project "Disposal of produced gas Kokdumalak the field". Implemen-
tation of the project was carried out in three stages: Stage 1 (2005).- Construction and commissioning of DCS (booster station) -1 line with the turbo-compressor units with a total capacity of 32 MW with a daily utilization of associated gas 3.25 million cubic meters; Stage 2 (2007).- Expansion of BCS-1 line and construction of a new BCS-2 with a total capacity of 64 MW with a daily utilization of associated gas in the volume of 9,000,000 cubic meters; Stage 3 (2009).- Construction of BAC -3 line with a total capacity of 48 MW, with a daily utilization of associated gas in the volume of 6.75 million cubic meters.
In the field Kokdumalak gas collection made on collection points, where it comes to the headworks, which is pumped to the inlet pressure complex gas at 10 MPa. At this setting, recycled gas is quenched, where stands a liquid (condensate). The purified gas is supplied to the Mubarek gas processing plant, which is processed and then transported through the main gas pipelines in the direction of exports domestic market. The condensate is fed to the condensate stabilization unit for stabilizing the discharge of condensate and LPG. Stable condensate is sent to Bukhara refinery.
The implementation of the investment project "Disposal of produced gas field Kokdumalak" significantly reduced the volume of flared associated gas, gas degassing units of oil and gas condensate and collection points, to increase the yield of marketable gas, LPG and condensate. The project is an environmental concern and its implementation will significantly reduce emissions of harmful substances into the atmosphere and greenhouse gas emissions. Achieved a reduction in annual emissions of carbon monoxide from 30,643.18 to 3,686.204 tons of nitrogen dioxide from 4752.2 to 1516.606 tons of sulfur dioxide from 4316.99 to 727.246 tons of soot from 2815.34 to 256.196 tons of nitrogen oxide 1190.34 up to 379.545 tons of hydrocarbons 1053.52 to 377.323 tons.
To solve the problems associated gas utilization in the fields of Uzbekistan are also widely used
technical and technological solutions. For example, in the oil and gas fields in the North Shurtan Sha-karbulak and by changing the composition of the system design and process equipment utilized by more than 1 million cubic meters of associated gas. In these fields the transition to the joint operation of oil and gas condensate field units allowed to dramatically increase the rate of selection of oil (more than 2 times). At the same time there was a natural increase in GOR and increased volumes of associated gas produced along with oil due to the inflow of gas from the gas-condensate part of the deposit. In the initial gas saturation of the reservoir oil 305 m3/t exceeded more than 5000 cubic meters per 1 ton of oil, and the wellhead pressure wells 1.5-6 MPa increased to 15.8-21.6 MPa. Height wellhead pressure in the wells allowed oil treatment plants installed and put into operation unit separator for separation and gas under its own pressure (10 MPa) at GS "Shurtan". To block separators were well connected with high wellhead pressure. This allowed only in 2009. of the total volume of associated petroleum gas produced at the field Shakarbulak in the amount 422.3 million cubic meters, disposed of367 million cubic meters, or more than 86.9%.
At the beginning of 2013 in the fields of Uzbekistan reached recycle up to 75% of produced gas. Work carried out in Uzbekistan on utilization of associated gas and reduce harmful emissions into the atmosphere has been approved by the Global Partnership on burning flare gas reduction GGFR (Global Gaz Flaring Reduction a Publik-Private
Partnership). Regional Conference for which the countries of Europe and Central Asia was held in Tashkent on 14-16 June 2012., Where it was considered the experience of Uzbekistan associated gas utilization and implementation of CDM projects in the oil and gas industry.
According to preliminary estimates of consultants GGFR a number of projects for utilization of associated gas categorized perspective, including:
- Utilization of associated gas fields in the North Shurtan, Garmiston, Shakarbulak, Kumchuk and headworks "Shurtan", with the volume of utilization of associated gas 0.69 billion cubic meters per year;
- Utilization of gas processing at the Mubarek gas processing plant, with a projected volume of waste acid gases to 0.7 billion cubic meters per year;
- Utilization of associated gas at a group of fields Arniez, Zevardy, Sardoba, Zheynov with the volume of gas utilized to 0.25 billion cubic meters per year.
These investment projects have been prepared on the basis of the decision of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan № 1111-525 from 06.12.2006. "On Measures for the implementation of investment projects under the Clean Development Mechanism of the Kyoto Protocol" and in accordance with the Regulation "On the procedure for the preparation and implementation of investment projects under the CDM of the Kyoto Protocol", approved by the Cabinet ofMinisters of10.01.2007g. As a result of the above investment projects planned utilization of associated gas in the oil and gas industry of the Republic of Uzbekistan by the end of 2015 brings to 95%.
References:
1. Hegay L. I. Decrease in ecological risks-a condition of sustainable development of oil and gaz sector of Uzbekistan // Uzbek journal of oil and gaz of Uzbekistan. Special edition. May - 2011.- P. 72-75.
2. Abdullaev G. S., Nurmatov M. R. Greation of reliable raw-material base of hydrocarbons on long-term prospect. Innovations in the field of prospecting works // Uzbek journal of oil and gaz of Uzbekistan. Special edition. May - 2012.- P. 16-22.
