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8Oriental Renaissance: Innovative, educational, natural and social sciences
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(E)ISSN:2181-1784 www.oriens.uz 3(4/2), April, 2023
SPIRITUAL AND MORAL FOUNDATIONS OF THE CONSTITUTION OF THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN AND THEIR IMPORTANCE IN THE EDUCATION OF THE YOUNGER GENERATION.
Orzigul Fattoeva,
Master of the National University of Uzbekistan Tashkent, Uzbekistan.
ABSTRACT
With our basic law, all citizens are obliged to comply with the Constitution and laws, to respect the rights, freedoms, honor and value of others. The formation of legal consciousness and legal culture in society, the upbringing of the younger generation, first of all, is directly related to upbringing and the environment. It is indicated in our Constitution that the life of the state and society, the guarantee of its sustainable development, the unity and harmony of the nation, the rights and duties of each citizen, the basis for the construction of a humane legal democratic state and civil society. The Constitution determines the structure of the state, the system of authorities and governing bodies, their competence and formation procedures, the electoral system, the freedoms of citizens, the relationship of society and the individual, as well as the relationship between the court, the state and society.
Keywords: student's personality, problem of humanity, motivation.
ДУХОВНО-НРАВСТВЕННЫЕ ОСНОВЫ КОНСТИТУЦИИ РЕСПУБЛИКИ УЗБЕКИСТАН И ИХ ЗНАЧЕНИЕ В ВОСПИТАНИИ ПОДРАСТАЮЩЕГО ПОКОЛЕНИЯ.
Орзигул Фаттоева,
Магистр Национального Университета Узбекистана Ташкент, Узбекистан.
АННОТАЦИЯ
Нашим основным законом все граждане обязаны соблюдать Конституцию и законы, уважать права, свободы, честь и ценность других. Формирование правосознания и правовой культуры в обществе, воспитание подрастающего поколения, прежде всего, напрямую связано с воспитанием и окружающей средой. В нашей Конституции указано, что жизнь государства и общества, залог его устойчивого развития, единства и согласия нации, права и
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обязанности каждого гражданина, основа построения гуманного правового демократического государства и гражданское общество. Конституция определяет устройство государства, систему органов власти и управления, их компетенцию и порядок формирования, избирательную систему, свободы граждан, отношения общества и личности, а также отношения между судом, государством и обществом.
Ключевые слова: личность студента, проблема человечности, мотивация.
O'ZBEKISTON RESPUBLIKASI KONSTITUTSIYASINING MA'NAVIY-AXLOQIY NEGIZLARI VA ULARNING YOSH AVLOD TARBIYASIDAGI
AHAMIYATI
Asosiy qonunimiz bilan barcha fuqarolar zimmasiga Konstitutsiya va qonunlarga amal qilish, boshqalarning huquqlari, erkinliklari, sha'ni va qadr qimmatini hurmat qilish majburiyati yuklatilgan. Jamiyatda huquqiy ong va huquqiy madaniyatning shakllanishi, yosh avlod tarbiyasi, avvalambor, tarbiya va muhit bilan bevosita bog'liqdir"1. Davlat va jamiyat hayoti, uning barqaror taraqqiyot kafolati, millat birligi va hamjihatligi, har bir fuqaroning haq-huquqlari hamda burch va majburiyatlari, insonparvar huquqiy demokratik davlat va fuqarolik jamiyati qurish asosi ekanligi Konstitutsiyamizda ko'rsatilgan. Konstitutsiya davlat tuzilishini, hokimiyat va boshqaruv organlari tizimini, ularning vakolati hamda shakllantirish tartiblarni, saylov tizimi, fuqarolarning huquq erkinliklari, jamiyat va shaxsning o 'zaro munosabatlarini, shuningdek, sud, davlat va jamiyatning o 'zaro munosabatlarini belgilab beradi.
Kalit so'zlar: talaba shaxsi, insoniylik muammosi, motivatsiya.
INTRODUCTION
On the way from the construction of an independent humanitarian democratic path and civil society, Uzbekistan is taking measures to ensure the rights and
1 O'zbekiston Respublikasi Prezidenti Sh.Mirziyoyev O'zbekiston Respublikasi Konstitutsiyasi qabul qilinganligining 26 yilligiga bag'ishlangan ma'ruzasi
Orzigul Fattoeva,
O'zbekiston Milliy universiteti magistri Toshkent, O'zbekiston.
ANNOTATSIYA
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freedoms of each person, strengthen the legislative and organizational and legal framework for the protection of human rights, implement international standards for Human Rights in our national legislation and fulfill international obligations, as well as expand cooperation with international organizations Today, the greatest goal of Uzbekistan is important, first of all, because it is aimed at implementing reforms aimed at the interests of our people.
Each item of our headcount is a guideline for us, a rule of our lives, in which spiritual and moral foundations are also reflected. If we first clarify the concept of the spiritual and moral foundation. Our First President I.A.While Karimov defines the spiritual and moral foundations of the development of Uzbekistan in his work "Uzbekistan is striving for the 21st century"[1], they are formed by:
- loyalty to universal values;
- strengthening and developing the spiritual heritage of our people;
- the free manifestation of a person's own capabilities;
- patriotism.
From this it is known that all these foundations are reflected in our Constitution. And the universal value, containing the ideas of justice, peace, equality, close neighborliness and humanity, begins with the Preamble of our Constitution. The preamble is defined by the sentences" establishing a humane democratic legal state","ensuring the peace and national harmony of citizens". According to Article 13 of our basic law, "a person, his life, freedom, honor, dignity and other inviolable rights are the highest value." This constitutional principle is programmable in all aspects of our life. After All, Our First President I.A.As Karimov said " " the source of power of independent Uzbekistan is our people's commitment to universal values. Our Constitution meets the high requirements for democratic constitutions, guarantees all citizens and fundamental freedoms of Man and citizen"[2].
DISCUSSION AND RESULTS
The fifth direction of'New Uzbekistan: from the strategy of action - the strategy of development " is also envisaged to carry out reforms in the spiritual and educational spheres. That is, Article 18 of our Constitution provides the basis for educating young people in the spirit of respect for the national identity, native language and culture, religion, traditions and traditions of representatives of all nationalities and nationalities. Today, more than 130 nationalities and nationalities live in our country. This substance is aimed at educating young people in the spirit of tolerance.
Our Constitution is an example of the spiritual, cultural heritage of our people, national thinking, sacred Islamic values and the experience of centuries-old Uzbek
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statehood. Article 1 also underlies the recognition of" Uzbekistan as a Democratic Republic " as a matter of freedom, equality and promotes this development, social equality, equality in elections, equality in public office achievement, equality in education, ownership of property, equality of opportunities are manifested here.
According to Article 49 of our law "citizens are obliged to preserve the historical, spiritual, cultural heritage of the people of Uzbekistan. Cultural monuments are under state protection." It is our duty to protect our historical, spiritual, cultural heritage, monuments, historical objects. These served for the centuries-old understanding of the identity of our people, the recognition of our native land to the world. Each of us is responsible for bringing these to the next generation. When the laws are said, before our eyes is not only the expression of politics or the strengthening, regulation of social relations in the life of society and the state, but also a great spiritual wealth that performs an incomparable creative and educational function.
Instilling a sense of patriotism in the spiritual and moral foundation and education of the younger generation, it is literally the responsibility of every citizen of the Republic of Uzbekistan "in Article 52 of our Constitution to educate him the qualities of courage and fortitude, to serve the motherland faithfully. Every article and every paragraph of our basic law has educational significance. It is no coincidence that the family plays an important role in the upbringing of a person in particular, a separate chapter 14 in the Constitution is devoted to the institution of the family. "The family is the main link in society and has the right to be under the protection of society and the state" (Part 1 of Article 63). The rule on the protection of the family from society is also spelled out in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, in which the family is the main subordinate unit of society, the opinion is noted on the education of children, the creation of the necessary material assistance to mothers and incapacitated family members, and the strengthening of the family, and this is Our First President I.A.Karimov argued that" family is the hearth of upbringing, which ensures the eternity of life, the continuity of generations, directly affects what kind of person future generations will become." Our basic law also establishes that the family - the main task in the formation of high moral and spiritual values-performs.
President Shavkat Mirziyoyev in his congratulatory speeches on the 29th anniversary of the adoption of our Constitution listed the objective factors of the need to update our Constitution. And it also emphasized the need to pay special attention to the spiritual and moral aspects. In particular:
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- It is necessary to change the principle of "State - Society - man", which was previously practiced, as "Man - society-state", to strengthen it in our national legislation and legal practice;
- In the process of economic reforms, the main criterion should be the provision of human interests. This is the most important condition for the establishment of a nationalistic state;
- Constitutional strengthening of the role and status of civil society institutions in our basic law within the framework of the noble idea "Society is the initiator of reforms " is also a requirement of the period;
- It is necessary for us to establish constitutional foundations for the development of the institution of the family in the General Assembly, the delivery of our noble human values to future generations, further strengthening of interethnic harmony;
- State policy in the field of youth, the issue of comprehensive support of our sons and daughters, their rights and duties should be reflected at the constitutional level in order to fully ensure the rights and interests of young people in our Constitution today, when our children are emerging as new Uzbek bunkers; - At present, Uzbekistan is building a social state and a fair society. Therefore, the time has come to seal the principle of "New Uzbekistan-a social state" as a constitutional rule;
- In order to increase the effectiveness of the current system for the protection of human rights, it is necessary that our Constitution also reflects the issues of preventing child labor, reliably protecting the rights of people with disabilities, the elderly;
- Currently, many developed countries, taking into account global changes in nature, are introducing special chapters on ecology into their constitution. The Constitution of Uzbekistan should also prioritize legal norms on this urgent issue;
- It is also worthwhile to strengthen the issues of the development of kindergarten, school, higher education and science at the constitutional level, which are four integral rings of the third Renaissance," [3] they emphasized in their opinion the adoption of these issues at the 30-year celebration of our Constitution.
At this point, it is important that the Constitution is introduced as a science in the education system. Consciousness of the Constitution to students from the 1st grade-he consciousness the settlement is prevented not only by the reform of the education and upbringing system, but also by offenses in society. We consider the Constitution - the foundation of our happiness, but we cannot accurately and fluently deliver it to the creators of the future. The norms in our Constitution regulate
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important social issues in our society and their foundations. Teaching the Constitution in the educational process is its importance, function, function, legal nature, state structure, legal status of an individual, state, society and civil relations are taught. This in turn serves as a great force for the development of legal consciousness and legal culture, in which a solution is sought today when young people pass in the upper class.
The manners, spiritual maturity of young people are perfected when they fully realize their direct rights and duties. In this case, the task of not simply memorizing the Articles of our Constitution to students, but to be able to explain the meaning and meaning, to educate students in the spirit of respect for the law, the constitutional system, other citizens should be understood by today's educators and lawyers. Only through a deep knowledge of the Constitution, loyalty to the motherland, respect for society appear, and the desire arises to fulfill the duties assigned in articles not necessarily, but voluntarily. The points above are we "Why should we study the Constitution?", "it is also possible for us to find the answer to the question. Yes, today many of us know what the Constitution is from older adults to younger ones, but we cannot answer questions about its meaning-meaning importance, what directs us, why we need to bring it to life. It is important for us to implement its implementation in practice with the reform of the educational system, that is, the method of conducting lessons in a simplified form of constipation, in preschool institutions, in schools as a separate subject. It is important not only that we do explanatory and spiritual and educational work about the Constitution only on December 8, but also that throughout the year we apply the use of new technologies to practice, to be able to apply our master's word to life, to introduce teaching methodology. If we mean the essence of our Constitution in primary, secondary education, and only then the consolidation in higher education is taught as a special course, it will be able to influence the legal consciousness, legal culture and spirituality in young people.
CONCLUSION
It turns out that Winston Churchill, a prominent statesman and politician, "to be good - you need to change, and to be the best of the good, you need to change even more." In short, we need to make changes, teach and aim to learn using the most effective methods to increase the impact of our headcount on youth spirituality. As President Shavkat Mirziyoyev noted: "on the basis of our Constitution, the national legislative system, state bodies, the Institute of civil society were formed in our country. Today, large-scale reforms are being carried out on all fronts. Our social, economic, political and military potential is growing and the outlook of our citizens is
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growing. Our main law is that universal ideas serve great ideas such as peace, equality, freedom, brotherhood, peoples and interethnic friendship, stability of the country and the world. All this is, first of all, the result of the life - giving power of our Chief."
REFERENCES
1. Karimov I.A."Uzbekistan is striving for the 21st century."
2. Karimov I.A. Legal guarantee of a great future.
3. President Of The Republic Of Uzbekistan Sh.Mirziyoyev's report on the 26th anniversary of the adoption of the Constitution of the Republic of Uzbekistan.
