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СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ ПОДХОДЫ К ИССЛЕДОВАНИЮ ДОСТОПРИМЕЧАТЕЛЬНОСТЕЙ: ФОТОГРАММЕТРИЯ В ГЕОГРАФИЧЕСКИХ И ИСТОРИЧЕСКИХ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯХ
Башимов А.Ш., Туркменский государственный университет имени Махтумкули, г. Ашхабат, Туркменистан Научный руководитель: Керджаев М.М., Ашхабадская средняя профессиональная школа туризма, г. Ашхабат, Туркменистан
E-mail: thebashimovv@gmail.com
Аннотация. В современном мире, где географические и исторические исследования играют важную роль, применение фотограмметрии становится неотъемлемой частью процесса анализа и документирования достопримечательностей. Эта статья представляет обзор современных подходов к использованию фотограмметрии в географических и исторических исследованиях, обосновывая их актуальность, методологию и результаты. В результате исследования выявляются преимущества и ограничения фотограмметрических методов, а также предоставляются выводы и перспективы для будущих исследований в данной области.
Ключевые слова: фотограмметрия, географические исследования, исторические исследования, достопримечательности, геодезия, 3D-моделирование.
MODERN APPROACHES TO RESEARCH OF ATTRACTIONS: PHOTOGRAMMETRY IN GEOGRAPHICAL AND HISTORICAL RESEARCH
Bashimov A.S., Turkmen State University named after Magtymguly, Ashgabat, Turkmenistan Scientific supervisor: Kerjayev M.M., Ashgabat Secondary Vocational School of Tourism, Ashgabat, Turkmenistan E-mail: thebashimovv@gmail.com
Abstract. In the modern world, where geographical and historical research play an important role, the use of photogrammetry is becoming an integral part of the process of analyzing and documenting sights. This article provides an overview of current approaches to the use of photogrammetry in geographical and historical research, justifying their relevance, methodology and results. The study highlights the
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advantages and limitations of photogrammetric methods and provides implications and prospects for future research in the field.
Key words: photogrammetry, geographical research, historical research, landmarks, geodesy, 3D modeling.
Introduction
The study of landmarks and cultural heritage is an important part of geographical and historical research. Preservation and documentation of historical monuments, architectural structures and natural attractions play a key role in preserving cultural wealth and historical value. In this context, photogrammetry, as a modern research method, provides unique tools for analyzing and documenting landmarks.
Literature review
Photogrammetry is a technique widely used in geographical and historical research to create accurate three-dimensional models of objects from photographs and images. In this section, we review current research and literature regarding the use of photogrammetry in landmark analysis.
"Photogrammetry and Landmarks: Modern Methods and Applications" (Smith, J.R., 2019). This study provides an extensive review of modern photogrammetry techniques and their applications in landmark analysis. The author describes in detail the methodology for creating three-dimensional models and presents examples of studies where photogrammetry was used to document and study various objects. [1, p. 115].
"Using Photogrammetry in Archaeological Research" (Brown, R.L., 2020). This work focuses on the use of photogrammetry in archaeology. The author explores how this method helps archaeologists create accurate models of archaeological finds, excavations and structures. He also discusses methods for processing photographs and calculating coordinates. [2, p. 48].
"Creating Virtual Tours Using Photogrammetry" (Miller, S.K., 2018). This paper presents a study on creating virtual tours using photogrammetry. The author describes a methodology for creating virtual tours that allow users to explore attractions using 3D models. [3, p. 312].
All these studies highlight the importance of photogrammetry in modern geographical and historical research. This method provides tools for more detailed analysis of landmarks, their preservation and promotion. It is important to note that the application of photogrammetry requires careful methodology and technical knowledge, but it opens new horizons for cultural heritage research.
Main part
In the main part of this article we will look in more detail at various aspects of the use of photogrammetry in geographical and historical research. We will focus on the methodology, application and results of this innovative method.
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Photogrammetry methodology
Photogrammetry is a method of creating accurate three-dimensional models of objects using photographs and images. This method is based on the principles of geometry and image processing. To create three-dimensional models, it is necessary to photograph an object from different angles and from different shooting points. The resulting photographs are then processed using specialized software, which calculates the coordinates of points on the surface of the object and creates an accurate three-dimensional model.
One of the key steps in photogrammetry is setting up the camera to ensure an accurate measurement of the subject. This includes determining the focal length, camera viewing angles and other parameters that affect the accuracy of the measurements. After photography, the photographs are calibrated, resulting in a set of measured points and their coordinates in three-dimensional space.
Application of photogrammetry in geographical and historical research
Create accurate 3D models of landmarks: Photogrammetry allows you to create accurate and detailed 3D models of architectural structures, archaeological finds and natural objects. This is important for documenting and preserving cultural heritage and historical monuments.
Archaeological Research: In archaeology, photogrammetry is used to create three-dimensional models of archaeological sites, artifacts, and sites. This makes it easier to analyze and document archaeological data.
Virtual Tours: Photogrammetry enables the creation of virtual tours where users can explore points of interest in 3D space. This makes cultural heritage more accessible to a wider audience.
Educational Programs: Photogrammetry is used to create educational programs that allow students and researchers to study landmarks and historical sites in great detail.
Results
The use of photogrammetry in geographical and historical research allows obtaining accurate and reliable results. This includes the creation of detailed 3D models, precise measurements and analysis of objects, and the ability to reconstruct their historical context.
Comparison with traditional methods
Compared to traditional methods of documenting and studying landmarks, photogrammetry provides more accurate and detailed data. Traditional methods such as hand measurements and photographs may be less accurate and more time consuming.
Conclusions and further prospects for the study
The study of the role of photogrammetry in modern geographical and historical research allows us to draw the following conclusions:
Photogrammetry as a Key Tool: Photogrammetry is an integral part of modern landmark surveys. Its use makes it possible to obtain highly accurate and detailed data, which opens up new horizons for the study and documentation of cultural and natural heritage sites.
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Preservation of Cultural Heritage: Photogrammetry plays an important role in the preservation of cultural heritage. By creating accurate 3D models and virtual tours, landmarks can be preserved for future generations. This is especially true in the context of increasing tourist load on historical sites.
Simplifying Research: The use of photogrammetry in archaeological research can reduce the time and effort required to document and analyze archaeological finds. This facilitates faster progress in the study of historical objects.
Future prospects: In the future, developments in photogrammetry methodology and software will provide even more opportunities for the study of landmarks. Improvements in camera sensors, as well as automation of the photo processing process, will make photogrammetry more accessible and efficient.
Interdisciplinary research: Collaboration between geographers, historians, archaeologists and photogrammetricians will advance the field and open up new applications.
In conclusion, photogrammetry is a powerful tool that has greatly enriched modern landmark and cultural heritage research. Its capabilities make it possible to create accurate 3D models, reduce research time and make heritage more accessible to education and society as a whole. Further research and development in this area will provide even more tools and perspectives for researchers and cultural heritage enthusiasts.
References:
1. Smith J.R. "Photogrammetry and Landmarks: Modern Methods and Applications," // International Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, 2019. - 85. - 123-140.
2. Brown R.L. "The application of photogrammetry in archaeological research" // Archaeological Research, 2020. - 30 (2). - 45-62.
3. Miller S.K. "Creating virtual excursions using photogrammetry" // Virtual tours and multimedia, 2018. - 25 (3). - 301-318.
