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SOUND ENGINEERING OF A PERFORMANCE AS A FORM OF ART
Kasimkhodjaeva A.A.
Kasimkhodjaeva Aziza Abdujabbarovna - Senior Lecturer, DEPARTMENT OF MUSICAL SOUND ENGINEERING,
INSTITUTE OF NATIONAL VARIETY ART NAMED AFTER BATYR ZAKIROV AT THE STATE CONSERVATORY OF
UZBEKISTAN, TASHKENT, REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN
Abstract: the article is devoted to the issue of sound engineering of theatrical performances and holidays and the peculiarities of this type of artistic creativity. At the same time, special attention is paid to the joint creative activity of the director of the event and the sound engineer. Reveals the main functions of the sound engineer of mass events and performances. Defines the specifics of the interaction of specialists in the group of sound engineers. Keywords: sound engineering, sound engineer functions, interaction in a group of sound engineers, sound engineer of mass events.
ЗВУКОРЕЖИССУРА СПЕКТАКЛЯ КАК ВИД ХУДОЖЕСТВЕННОГО
ИСКУССТВА Касимходжаева А.А.
Касимходжаева Азиза Абдужаббаровна - старший преподаватель, кафедра музыкальное звукорежиссура,
Институт национального эстрадного искусства имени Батыра Закирова при Государственной консерватории
Узбекистана, г. Ташкент, Республика Узбекистан
Аннотация: статья посвящена вопросу звукорежиссуры театральных представлений и праздников и особенностям этого вида художественного творчества. При этом особое внимание уделяется совместной творческой деятельности режиссера мероприятия и звукорежиссера.Раскрывает основные функции звукорежиссера массовых мероприятий и спектаклей. Определяет особенности взаимодействия специалистов в группе звукорежиссеров.
Ключевые слова: звукорежиссура, функции звукорежиссера, взаимодействие в группе звукорежиссеров, звукорежиссер массовых мероприятий.
Sound direction is a kind of artistic creativity related to sound dramaturgy and the birth of audio concept, creation of audiovisual images, new sound, as well as the process of its processing. Modern sound directors, first of all, are familiar with the technical subtleties of this process, know everything about acoustics and the physics of sound. Usually, these are people with musical education.
Good technical listening is one of the key professional skills for a sound director. It allows you to easily clarify the virtual audio space, determine the advantages and disadvantages of the sound. Today, it's hard to imagine a public celebration without a sound director behind a multi-channel sound console, and sometimes only using a tablet, controlling it from anywhere in the hall. Sound direction specialists are an integral part of the directing and staging team of theatrical performances and celebrations.
In the modern world, due to the development of technical progress and rapid changes in audiovisual technologies, the sound director of theater performances and holidays is faced with the problem of not only knowing the technology, but also looking for unique sound solutions for the stage project.
Taking into account the variety of public holidays and the specific characteristics of the places where they are held, it is worth noting the complexity of the process of sounding these places. After all, in addition to knowing the basics of sound direction, accurate mathematical calculations are also required: the technical power of the equipment, the amount of equipment, its location, logistics, installation of the equipment, maintenance, etc. Working as an artist to create a musical dramaturgy of a holiday project, a sound director of theatrical performances and holidays should be able to express his creative thought in a clear sound score, understand the world of music, know musical terms and concepts (tempo, rhythm, interval, chord, etc.), must understand phonogram recording technology, create original musical works and mixes, use special effects and synthetic sounds.
When working with musical groups and performers, the sound director must know not only the methods of placing them on the stage and sounding, but also the specifics of rehearsals, correctly drawing up a schedule of sound checks (soundcheck), as well as being indicated by one or another performer and must meet pre-approved requirements. One of the important issues of voicing a certain space is the issue of the psychology of sound perception, which is related to the characteristics of the hearing apparatus and the musical requirements of the audience. Determining the contingent of the audience gives the sound engineer a clear understanding of the choice of specific technical parameters of the sound equipment, its correct placement and use. In each individual case, an individual sound field is created for each creative project. In this matter, the sound director of theatrical
performances and holidays relies on the professional staff of the technical director of the project, stage sound directors, sound engineers and other sound technicians.
Taking into account that nowadays almost all celebrations and performances cannot take place without the sound of the scene, you need to navigate in the huge information field of this specialty and choose the right resources for your tasks.
All this is a complicated, but very interesting process of working on the implementation of a directorial plan in cooperation with the director of a theater performance or holiday.
In the practice of theaters, cinema, radio and radio broadcasting, as well as in the field of management of shows and events that we are interested in, "musical design", "sound solution", "noise control", "music break" and other concepts are often encountered. However, all of these terms are related to the three main concepts of sound direction: music, noise, and sound decoration or design. Music includes various works and forms belonging to this genre. As for the noises, we include all the sounds in the world around us. The concept of sound decoration, design includes everything that we now call a phonogram. It also includes various synthetic sound samples (samples) and effects. If music and noise have been present in directing activities since the beginning of the theater, the sound design of theatrical movements appeared with the emergence of sound direction and, first of all, with the development of technological progress. The combination of these technical innovations and the ability to amplify sound initially eliminated the backstage noise crew and later removed many orchestras and choirs from the stage. In their wake, he pulled out a huge arsenal of instruments and sound-emitting devices. With the further development and improvement of the technique, the rapid emergence of new equipment and the popularization of new sound technologies, the renewal has not only simplified the sound design process that has existed for years, but also led to the expansion of the creative possibilities of the director. Sound direction, as mentioned above, is an integral part of the staging process. To this day, the director occupies the first place in the matter of sound. However, the voicing process is directly related to the recording technique. Thus, with the emergence of new technologies, a new creative unit - the sound director - appeared.
Modern means of communication lead us to the emergence of new technologies and the development of devices that require fine-tuning and maintenance by a high-level specialist. It should be noted with confidence that the sound director is not only a participant in the creative process, but also a modern artist of the sound design of this or that project. Its success directly depends on the professional level of the creative team.
The main duties of the sound director. The sound director is responsible for all the sounds in a theater performance or celebration. Its main task is to create a sound solution that clearly and completely reveals the director's idea of the events that are happening, conveys the character of the characters and their emotions, creates a sound picture of the action scene and causes an emotional reaction in the audience. consists of If the director creates visuals on stage, then the sound director creates the sonic "look". It is this addition of sight and sound that doubles the impact on the viewer. The sound director as a composer - writes the sound, as a conductor - controls the sound of each performer.
The main functions of the sound director of theatrical performances and events are as follows:
• The main task of the sound director is the competent management of audio streams. He determines and is responsible for what and how the audience hears, which audio is played in the background and which is broadcast;
• Sound director - artistic voice is the creator of the image;
• Sound director - creates high-quality audio in all aspects (volume, musical balance, tonality, timbre, technical and natural noises);
• The sound director controls the entire acoustic system during the entire event;
• Sound director - works as a designer of the sound field in non-traditional scenes of performances. That is, it works on the acoustic deficiencies of a certain space where the event is taking place.
The professions of director and sound director are very close to each other in the creative process and many concepts are similar. For example, in directing there is the concept of mise-en-scène, and in sound directing there is misanphonation, that is, the placement of sound in space. If the director works with the performer, then the sound director works with the voice. The director creates an artistic image, the sound director creates a sound image. Both have common concepts: dramaturgy, design, theme, plot, etc. But the process of working on the project itself is a single union of the director's and sound director's thoughts, image and technical image.
The work of the director and sound director is a single, collective process in which artistic sound goes through to create an image. Therefore, it is very important to have direct contact with the director himself to determine the idea and mission of the event. At this stage of the studio work, the main features of the music for the future performance, such as character, genre, period and theme, are determined. This is followed by an important process of selecting phonograms, sounds and noises. At this stage, the sound director looks for the necessary compositions that match the theme, idea and function of the theater performance. As a rule, every sound director has his own database or sound library, which contains musical tracks of various themes and genres that the sound director has collected during his work. If the sound library does not have the necessary compositions, then the sound director turns to the search for other sources, including using the sound library of Internet resources. A professional sound engineer often offers to create new soundtracks - in this case, the sound engineer works directly with the composer and arranger and records the composition they create.
Often, due to the large number of teams and performers involved in holiday projects, there may be no way to adjust the sound. This stage requires knowledge of the technical characteristics of microphones and the
characteristics of the human voice or musical instrument. There are no specific recommendations for recording, because the signal of different voices and instruments received by different microphones in different acoustic conditions requires an individual approach. As a rule, experienced sound directors almost unconsciously adjust the sound based on the acoustic characteristics of the room and microphone set up in the studio, because they know these characteristics in advance.
The final stage of preparation is the assembly and editing of phonograms. Here, work is carried out on shortening or lengthening of the composition, correcting the mistakes of the performers during recording, and direct Swedishization of the musical track. During the editing process, it is very important to avoid differences in the speed, level and character of the music. It is also important to think about logical musical beginnings and endings for connected parts. In this case, the tonality between the works and its rhythm should be taken into account. Transition from one phonogram to another in an unfinished musical phrase is not completely correct. The assembly process should be approached carefully.
At the stage of the implementation of the event project, the sound director is joined by the entire sound director's team (sound operators, sound technicians, fitters, sound director of the festival area and objects, DJs, sound directors of performers, etc.) to work with the sound director's team, all its participants and their It is important to know the functions.
Sound director (see Audio Engineer, Sound Director) is a creative profession related to creation of artistic sound images, formation of sound dramaturgy, sound concept, creation and processing of new sounds. A sound director is a specialist who has a musical or special education and is involved in the creation of a sound image. His working tool is his ears.
A sound operator (sound engineer, soundman) is a sound recording and sound processing specialist who carries out technical control in accordance with the tasks set by the sound director.
Sound engineer (sound engineer) - develops installation schemes and installs sound equipment.
The sound director of the Monitor group is involved in sounding the scene and managing the sound field.
Microphone group operator - ensures the placement of microphones, controls the microphones during operation.
A mechanic is an equipment maintenance specialist.
The sound director must have a plan for the rehearsals of the teams and performers. Rehearsals are the creative process of a sound director's work. The ability to choose the right settings and sound balance is the key to success and a good atmosphere among performers.
The process of adjusting the sound equipment is completed at least half an hour before the start of the event. It's almost impossible to review everything during rehearsal, and most of the event is spent directly in the workflow. Events in the style of "live sound" are the work of a professional sound director with sound experience: game scenes, presenters' texts, presenters' performances, amateur and professional teams and performers. As a result, the audience's emotional reaction to the "live sound" and the performers are grateful for the fact that the stage space has become a comfortable sound space. Another feature of the sound director of performances is the duration of the events taking place: from several hours to several days. Meanwhile, a group of sound directors is like a single organism living in one project
Many directors of shows and events have permanent directing and production teams. The long-term cooperation between the director and the sound director optimizes the preparation stage and allows for complex staging tasks to be completed in a short time.
The development of techniques and technologies in the field of sound direction opens up great prospects for sound artists. All this leads to the creation of projects and theatrical performances that will endlessly surprise the viewer. Currently, there are many subtleties in the installation of a technical complex and the creation of an artistic acoustic space. But these technologies can be mastered by the most highly qualified specialist in the field of sound engineering. Today, sound direction is an interesting creative process that rightfully belongs to the type of artistic activity in the field of theater art.
References / Список литературы
1. Rick Clark. Mixing, recording and producing techniques of the pros/Thomson Course Technology PTR, 2010.
2. Byuik P. Jivoy zvuk / P. Byuik. -М., 1998.
3. Zakrevskiy Yu.A. Zvukovoy obraz v filme / Yu.A. Zakrevskiy - М., 1970.
