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Bustonova S.S. head teacher
Andijan Institute of Agriculture and Agrotechnologies
Gulomova M.M. student
Andijan Institute of Agriculture and Agrotechnologies
SOME INFORMATION ABOUT GORYANKA "MOUNTAIN GRASS"
DISTRIBUTED IN THE MOUNTAINS OF HUMID REGIONS
Abstract. This plant, like itself, has a wonderful name and is called by different names in different continents, i.e. elif flower, horned goat grass, gorianka. It has many valuable properties for use in medicine. It gives decorative beauty to our houses.
Keywords: Goryanka, Epimedium grandiflorum, Epimedium pinnatum Fisch, Epimedium x perralderianum, Epimedium niveaum.
Horned goats are found only in the Eastern Hemisphere, they live in the foothills of Europe, the Caucasus, Turkey, Japan and China. Only one species is found in Northwest Africa. In nature, Goryanka grows in moist mountain forests or mountain ranges (perhaps that is why they are called Goryanka in Russian). Many species are found in limestone. Currently, it includes more than 50 species of goryanka plants. And this is not the limit, because every year in the province of Si-Chuan, botanists find more and more new species. The goryanka plant is a plant belonging to the family of sedums. It is not for nothing that it took root in Germany, Holland, Western Europe and other countries because of amateur gardeners. Because it is resistant to diseases, adapted to grow in wet soils, the color of its leaves changes slightly depending on the season.
Horned Goatweed is a perennial plant with a highly branched rhizome and leaves that appear on long stems. The distance between the leaves determines the appearance of the plants. If it is 1-2 cm, dense "bushes" are formed, and if it is more (2-7 cm), "bushes" are loose. After 4-5 years, the plants should be divided to preserve their decorative properties. All species and garden hybrids of horned goat grass are reliable, stable, unpretentious perennials. They tolerate both full light and shade. However, they bloom well in partial shade. Soil: fresh, moist, permeable, sandy loam or clay loam, rich in loose, neutral acidic nutrients. Horned goat grass does not tolerate waterlogging at all. Root pumps of trees constantly remove excess moisture, which is harmful to it - in flooded areas, especially in the cold season, there is always a risk of losing interesting specimens of hornwort.
Care: Some sources indicate that mountain grass belongs to zone five or even warmer. However, the practice of growing them in the Moscow region has shown that if you know the specifics of growing them, they will grow and develop successfully: before winter, the root system of all species must be mulched with
compost, and the mountain of China and Japan herbs. the origin must be additionally covered with a leaf. In early spring, immediately after the snow melts, it is recommended to tear off the leaves covering the seedlings. Evergreen leaves of mountain grasses in the Moscow region lose their decorative effect, so in the spring the overwintered leaves should be cut to the soil level for better development of new leaves and flower buds. This should be done as soon as the snow melts, because mountain grass starts to grow very early. However, we must remember that spring frosts below 1-2 degrees can damage young leaves and flower buds. Therefore, a number of gardeners advise not to rush to remove the cover in the spring. Regular watering is required in dry weather. Horned goat grass does not require intensive feeding. Mulching with compost before winter and onetime standard fertilization in spring is enough for their normal development. Propagation: by cuttings of rhizomes. It is recommended to divide and transplant in August - early September. Pieces of rhizomes with 2-3 buds should be planted in a hole 4-6 cm deep. After transplanting, the plants are covered with a layer of leaves. Seeds require two-stage stratification: 2-3 weeks at 15-20 degrees heat and about 1 month at 2-5 degrees cold. Seedlings are simple, develop quickly, but bloom only in 3-4 years. They should be planted at a distance of 35-40 cm from each other. Horny weeds grow very quickly, usually forming a dense, closed cover in the second year after transplantation. Mountain weeds have a lifespan of 10 years or more. Uses: hornworts are ideal for beautifying areas under deciduous trees and shrubs. It is used in mixed groups together with other perennial plants. Epimediums form dense groups at the foot of a row of stones in a moist, shady place. Horned goat weed attracts attention all season long: in the spring with beautiful delicate flowers, in summer and autumn with beautiful decorative leaves.
Epimedium grandiflorum or horned goat grass (Epimedium grandiflorum) is a perennial evergreen plant. The plant has long been used in folk medicine to restore the proper functioning of the genitourinary system. Still, hornwort extract is an aphrodisiac and can primarily support sexual function in men. In addition, this plant extract dilates blood vessels, thins the blood, has antioxidant effects, lowers blood pressure, improves memory and brain activity, normalizes sleep and ensures normal functioning of the nervous system, has an antimicrobial effect.
In conclusion, it can be said that the cultivation of this plant for our climate will not be without benefit. It can be used in the medical field, in the production of pharmaceutical drugs.
References:
l.Jo'rayeva M.A. Dorivor o'simlillar atlasi. - Toshkent, 2019. 270 bet.
