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УДК 339
Khalmirzaeva S.S. senior lecturer Department of General Hygiene Andijan State Medical Institute
SOLVING ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS: WAYS AND METHODS
Abstract: This article discusses environmental problems and how to solve
them.
Key words: ecology, healthy lifestyle, scientific and technological revolution.
The scientific and technological revolution and the use of mineral resources of the earth have led to the fact that the ecological situation on our planet is deteriorating literally before our eyes. The level of pollution of the subsoil, hydrosphere and air layer of the earth is approaching a critical level. Humanity is on the verge of a global man-made catastrophe. Fortunately, more and more government and public organizations understand the depth and danger of the problem.
Work to improve the current situation is gaining momentum. Already, modern technologies offer many ways to solve environmental problems, from the creation of ecological fuels, ecological transport to the search for new environmentally friendly sources of energy and the rational use of the Earth's resources.
A comprehensive approach to environmental issues is required. It should include long-term and planned activities aimed at all spheres of society.
To radically improve the ecological situation, both on the ground as a whole and in a single country, it is necessary to implement measures of this nature:
Legal. These include the creation of environmental laws. International agreements are also important.
Economic. Elimination of the consequences of technogenic impact on nature requires serious financial investments.
Technological. In this area, there is where inventors and innovators disagree. The use of new technologies in the mining, metallurgical and transport industries will allow minimizing environmental pollution. The main task is to create environmentally friendly energy sources.
Organizational. They consist in the even distribution of transport along the streams to prevent its prolonged congestion in one place.
Architectural. It is advisable to plant greenery in large and small settlements, to divide their territory into zones using plantations. Planting around enterprises and along roads is also important.
Particular importance should be attached to the protection of flora and fauna. Their representatives simply do not have time to adapt to changes in the environment.
Awareness of the dramatic situation in ecology forced humanity to take urgent and effective measures to correct it.
In the future, the main efforts will be aimed at eliminating the consequences of man-made human activities and reducing harmful emissions.
For this, there are such prospects:
Construction of special factories for the complete utilization of all types of waste. This will allow not to occupy new territories for landfills. The energy obtained from combustion can be used for the needs of cities.
Construction of thermal power plants operating on the "solar wind" (Helium 3). This substance is found on the moon. Despite the high cost of its extraction, the energy obtained from the "solar wind" is thousands of times higher than the heat transfer from nuclear fuel.
Transfer of all vehicles to power plants operating on gas, electricity, batteries and hydrogen. This solution will help reduce air emissions.
Cold nuclear fusion. This option for obtaining energy from water is already under development.
1. Reduction of household and industrial waste. This is especially true for plastic dishes. It is gradually being replaced by paper. Research is underway to eliminate bacteria that feed on plastic.
2. Wastewater treatment. Billions of cubic meters of water are consumed annually to support various branches of human activity. Modern treatment facilities allow you to purify it to its natural state.
3. Transition to clean energy sources. This means the phasing out of nuclear energy, engines and furnaces fueled by coal and petroleum products. The use of natural gas, wind, solar and hydroelectric power ensures a clean atmosphere. The use of biofuels can significantly reduce the concentration of harmful substances in exhaust gases.
4. Protection and restoration of lands and forests. New forests are being planted in the areas of felling. Measures are being taken to drain lands, protect them from erosion.
Despite the serious damage caused to nature, humanity has every chance to return it to its original appearance.
Environmental pollution, depletion of natural resources and disruption of ecological ties in ecosystems have become global problems. And if humanity continues to follow the current path of development, then its death, according to the world's leading ecologists, is inevitable in two or three generations.
Environmental knowledge and understanding of the principles of the functioning and evolution of the Earth's life support systems has led many to take a critical look at how the resources of the planet are used.
Many representatives of the flora and fauna of the Earth may turn out to be more useful in the future than it seems now.
To solve modern environmental problems, it is necessary to change the industrial civilization and create a new basis for society, where the leading motive of production will be the satisfaction of essential human needs, an even and humane distribution of natural and labor-created wealth.
Protecting nature directly affects everyone. All people breathe the same air of the Earth, they all drink water and eat food, the molecules of which continuously participate in the endless circulation of matter in the biosphere of the planet. Perhaps there is still a chance to correct the ecological situation in the world, and we must take this chance, restore in the biosphere what we have violated, and learn to live in harmony with nature.
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