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79SOLAR ENERGY AS AN ALTERNATIVE TO TRADITIONAL FUEL Akramova N.M.1, Yo'ldashev Sh.N.2
1Akramova Nozima Muzaffarovna - Senior Teacher, TEACHING LANGUAGES DEPARTMENT, MANAGEMENT IN PRODUCTION FACULTY;
2Yo'ldashev Shukurullo Nematjon o'g'li - Student, ELECTRIC ENGINEERING, ELECTRIC MECHANICS AND ELECTRIC TECHNOLOGIES DEPARTMENT, POWER ENGINEERING FACULTY, FERGHANA POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE, FERGHANA, REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN
Abstract: solar power engineering is a part of non-traditional power engineering based on using of solar radiation for the generation different kinds of energy. Solar power engineering uses renewable sources of power without pollutions and harmful wastes. Production of energy by means of solar power plants is coordinated with a distributed power production. This article reveals the application and advantages of alternative sources ofpower instead of traditional for the society evolution.
Keywords: solar energy, renewable, environmental, power plants, production, distributed, solar panel, advantage, disadvantage, semiconductor, durability.
Solar energy - the direction of alternative energy, based on the direct use of solar radiation to produce energy in any form. Solar energy uses a renewable energy source and is environmentally friendly, that is, not producing harmful waste. Energy production through solar power plants is well aligned with the concept of distributed energy production. Solar energy is an alternative to fuel.
Semiconductor solar cells have a very important advantage - durability. Moreover, caring for them does not require especially great knowledge from the staff. As a result, solar panels are becoming increasingly popular in industry and everyday life.
Thus, the correct use of solar energy in Uzbekistan allows you to provide electricity: production areas; agriculture; houses and cottages; street lighting systems; telecommunications; pumping stations; navigation systems; alarm systems; network power systems; outdoor billboards [1].
Traditional energy is based on the use of fossil fuels, reserves of which are limited. It depends on the size of supplies and the level of prices for it, market conditions.
Renewable energy is based on a variety of natural resources, which allows you to save non-renewable sources and use them in other sectors of the economy, as well as to save clean energy for future generations. RES is environmentally friendly: during their operation there is practically no waste, emission of pollutants into the atmosphere or water bodies. There are no environmental costs associated with the extraction, processing and transportation of fossil fuels.
In most cases, renewable energy plants are easily automated and can operate without direct human involvement. Solar installations can be designed for heating and hot water supply of residential and public buildings. Solar power plants can save on expensive mineral fuels through the wise use of solar radiation energy.
The solar battery (panel) is a photoelectric generator, the principle of which is based on the physical property of semiconductors. The life of a solar battery generally reaches 25 years.
Solar panels produce electricity not only in clear sunny weather, but also on cloudy days. That is, electricity is generated every day. The only requirement for solar panels is to clean the surface of snow and dust from time to time, thereby significantly increasing productivity. Solar modules transmit electricity to batteries through charge controllers [2].
For the school's electricity and gas supply, there is an alternative solution - installations for generating electric energy — solar panels, and for heating the school - vacuum solar panels. We get the opportunity to use solar energy to generate electricity using solar panels
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and for obtaining heat supply with the help of vacuum collectors, thereby reducing the cost of electricity and heating.
This is an alternative to school heat and electricity. Since natural gas tariffs are getting more expensive every day, solar-powered plants will provide significant savings, and the transition to alternative technologies in the energy sector will save the country's fuel resources for processing in chemical and other industries. In addition, the cost of energy produced by many alternative sources is already today lower than the cost of energy received from traditional sources, and the payback periods for the construction of alternative power plants are significantly less.
Due to the limited fuel resources on Earth, as well as the exponential increase in catastrophic changes in the atmosphere and biosphere of the planet, the existing traditional energy seems to be a dead end; for the evolutionary development of society, it is necessary to immediately begin a gradual transition to alternative energy sources.
The fact that new types of energy will come to replace traditional forms of energy very soon is undeniable fact. Scientists are developing a variety of alternative forms of energy, but any innovation needs to get used to and rebuild the way of thinking. This requires time, state support and pioneers who will be the first to apply new technologies.
In conclusion, using solar energy can be useful in several ways. First, replacing fossil fuels reduces air and water pollution. Secondly, replacing fossil fuels means reducing fuel imports, especially oil. Thirdly, replacing nuclear fuel, we reduce the threat of proliferation of nuclear weapons. Finally, solar sources can provide us with some protection, reducing our dependence on an uninterrupted fuel supply [2]. Let's hope that thanks to millions of solar panels and vacuum collectors, by 2030 the planet will be able to completely abandon oil and switch to renewable energy.
References
1. Bezrukikh P.P. About environmental and cost indicators of renewable and traditional energy / Website of the Institute of Energy Strategy. [Electronic Resource]. URL: http: // www.energystrategy.ru/ab_ins/source/Bezrukih Nov 20-20, 2012.ppt./ (date of access: 26.06.2020).
2. Umurzakova G.R., Mukhtorov D.N., Muhammadjonov M.Sh. Advantages of alternative energy sources // Herald of science and education, 2019. № 19-3 (73). [Electronic Resource]. URL: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/preimuschestva-alternativnyh-istochnikov-energii/ (date of access: 26.06.2020).
