CC BY
44
УДК 02
Yu. V. Gushul
SOCIO-CULTURAL PROJECTION OF THE NEW LIBRARY IN THE INFORMATION SOCIETY
Аннотация. Статья призывает научное гуманитарное сообщество к продолжению дискуссии о роли библиотеки в современном мире, тенденциях ее развития и возможностях социокультурного проектирования, роли библиотеки в информационном обществе. Перечислены девять тенденций развития публичных и вузовских библиотек, и предлагается уточнить их специфические проявления в разных странах.
Ключевые слова: роль библиотек в информационном обществе, публичная библиотека, вузовская библиотека, тенденции развития библиотек, социокультурное проектирование
Abstract. Article calls upon the scientific community to continue discuss about the role of libraries in the modern world, its development trends and opportunities for social and cultural design of the library in the information society. Author itemizes nine development trends of public and university libraries and proposes to clarify them specific manifestations in different countries.
Keywords: the role of libraries in the information society, public library, university library, the trend of library development, socio-cultural design
Since 2013, articles have been published under the general subject «Socio-cultural projection of the new library» [2] in section «Philosophy - Anthropology - Sociology» in the Russian scientific journal «Herald of Chelyabinsk State Academy of Culture and Arts» [1; 3; 4; 5]. These articles discuss the image of the modern library and its future. Philosophers, psychologists, architects, librarians, and others actively participate in this discussion. This essay lists nine current trends for colleagues to further discuss.
The first trend occurred early when library service spread very quickly beyond the library building. «Mobile service books» organized everywhere. For example, in some Moscow districts, it is expected that librarians will bring books to nursing homes, hospitals, and hospices on scooters. The library itself goes at a time and to a location convenient for the reader. Outdoor reading rooms, «open air» reading rooms allow readers to familiarize themselves outdoors with books and other resources at the, for example, Kalingrand central library, the Moscow central library, and the A. P. Checkov library in Taganrog.
The second trend deals with the need to change the library operation as suggested by articles about university libraries working around
the twenty-four hours a day. The readers (students, researches and teachers) can use the library any hour of the day. It is a new trend for Russian libraries. This working regime implemented very difficultly and very slowly in the university libraries. Only reading room and IT-departments (there is access to e-resources), most often works around the twenty-four hours a day in the university library. A few university libraries working around the clock in Russia (for example, scientific university libraries of the Tomsk and Chelyabinsk state research universities). Perhaps public libraries will work twenty-four hours a day in Russia. Perhaps only one public library in Moscow will work twenty-four hours a day as an experiment in 2014. In my opinion, this is important social conscious activity for student, young people scientific and educational work and for a lot of people, especially single, which would like to come late in the evening and at night in a public place and to spend time usefully.
The third trend is lending electronic books in the libraries. For example, more than five thousand Spanish public libraries in January 2014 providing e-books to people who own the reading devices. Japan's two largest publishers - Kodansha and Kadokawa - brokered with the leader of the
175
country traditional book trade - Kinokuniya -working on the project, the implementation of which readers who own the reading devices will have the opportunity to receive free e-books in their local libraries for a limited time. In my opinion, important trend for university libraries is not only give the e-book to students who own the reading devices and they will be must understand its content at home without assistance. Also important trend for university libraries is to provide access to the subject content within the library where the librarian can give competent consultation / advice on the working with the book and answer the questions about the content, or say how the student may to find the answer in any literary or scientific journals.
Trend number four is similar to the situation in the then Soviet state 1920-1930, when library practices included massive public books holidays. Past experience is relevant because of a new round of promoting reading. Today, Russian library activities contribute to development of reading by bringing attention to a certain book, the works of a specific author, or fostering book discussion groups. Discussion group can be created at one time to discuss one book (it may be one class group or one student group), or the majority of the permanent members group choose a book to read, all reading this book, and one day meet to discuss. Discussion group can be created only to discuss one book (it may be one class group or one student group) at one day, or the majority of the permanent members of the discussion group can choose a book to read, then all will be must read this book, and one day all will be must meet to discuss this book.
Other projects assist children in understanding complicated scientific books by accompanying the reading of the text with performances by volunteer dance choreographers, actors and musical groups. The creative individuality and unpredictability of the music, intonation, and action on the stage makes the text understandable to our little listeners and readers. Volunteers film the performances and distribute videos to children and school libraries (There are separate children's libraries and
separate school libraries in Russia. Moreover there are different separate children's libraries (even in the same city): region children's library, town children's library, children's library-branch of the main (region or town) library in each / every city block. Moreover there are specific children's areas within public libraries! In my opinion, such system of the Russian libraries is very wrong because each library operates independently from one another, between libraries do not close interaction and we look duplication of work. Such system developed during the Soviet state years. It worked for many years and today we see that very difficult to change this system for several reasons such as psychology of librarians, bureaucratic obstacles and others. Nevertheless librarians hope to modernize libraries in Russia). So, when we reading the book for roles (it seems like in a theater) our library readers see and listen as «a human book». I spend such «human book» in the university library only for students. A student's «human book» is a creative demonstration of the text with readers giving voice to the author's words and characters through a staged reading. In a staged-reading, actors read from the book and do very little movement, if any. Our readers and audiences like costume period roles that provide the opportunity to show the text more dramatically regarding its era, historical surroundings, and the fashions of the past. The readers often read similar thematically-oriented books to gain a better comprehension of playing and reading and explaining the difficult text to the students. We routinely use choreography, music and theatre in library advertising and activities with children.
At fifth trend is the library as a center for educators. Librarians assist with projects for the formation and development of information culture, information literacy, intellectual literacy; senior citizens (60+); instruction for immigrants on computers, language, culture, behavior, business culture; supporting educational programs, and developing specific training courses.
The library already is the virtual learning laboratory, collaborating for continuing education. U. S. A. university libraries are positioned as an interdisciplinary commons through access to
176
technology and reference services. Colleges and universities in Japan have introduced the American idea of learning commons as a learning space and develop initiatives for library involvement in scientific date curation.
In France, libraries have long been involved in the transition to open access to scientific and technical information at the local, national and international level. French university libraries are a key partner in promoting interaction among academic institutions. The University of Vienna library conducts bibliometric research as an innovative service for scientific and administrative staff.
The sixth trend concerns librarians who already are interdisciplinary facilitators, as professionals who can influence the management of an organization and career growth. Some criteria to measure the success of the embedded librarian are an increase of the use of the organizational library by its employees, an increase in user demand for services, and development of new services to the users. Other measurements are possible. For these librarians to succeed, they need constant improvement of their professional knowledge and skills through continuous education to keep up with the needs of the library's users.
The seventh trend concerns librarians as 'Testers and Experts" of the new information technologies and new products. Librarians perform a major role in the development of digital content and improved devices providing access to it because
they are both buyers and providers of electronic content. They participate in the development of new models of processing and providing information on both technological and economic aspects.
Trend eight involves libraries presenting free and comfortable cultural events. These provide an opportunity for follow-up visits, either for work or recreation. Areas of such activities include education ("Russian lessons for adults" in the Novosibirsk State Regional Scientific Library), research programs (Interregional creative laboratory "Ecology. Culture. Education" at the Vologda regional scientific library), culture (charity concerts, Holiday Family, Love and Loyalty in the Central Library of the Ivanovo region).
The final and ninth trend is for the library to partner with other organizations and institutions associated with books to make them popular with the public. Publishers do so through a Garden «bookcase» (series of books «Library of Gorky Garden»), stands with electronic books (in Sokolniki-Garden), social projects (the «Open Library» book festival in «New Holland» (so named in Russia in the Year of Holland in Russia), and new concepts (the «Outdoor library»). Work is continued creates Russian readers' clubs.
In conclusion, the library acts as the avantgarde with innovative video installations and experimental art modules. Without innovation, the country becomes stagnant. Libraries and librarians
are this vanguard! They deserve this honorable role.
References
1. Dubinina, O. A. The architectonics of modern library / O. A. Dubinina // Vestnik Chelyabinskoy gosudarstvennoy akademii kulturi i iskusstv [Herald of Chelyabinsk State Academy of Culture and Arts]. -2013. - № 4 (36). - P. 189-193.
2. Gushul, Yu. V. [Leading article] // Vestnik Chelyabinskoy gosudarstvennoy akademii kulturi i iskusstv [Herald of Chelyabinsk State Academy of Culture and Arts]. - 2013. - № 1 (33). - P. 79; № 2 (34). - P. 85; № 4 (36). - P. 188.
3. Gushul, Yu. V. Modern library as a projectable socio-cultural space (problem definition) / Yu. V. Gushul, I. A. Kogenkin, K. B. Lavrova // Vestnik Chelyabinskoy gosudarstvennoy akademii kulturi i iskusstv [Herald of Chelyabinsk State Academy of Culture and Arts]. - 2013. - № 1 (33). - P. 80-86.
4. Gushul, Yu. V. Subject of informational institutions of knowledge-oriented society: informational diagnosing of society / Yu. V. Gushul // Vestnik Chelyabinskoy gosudarstvennoy akademii kulturi i iskusstv [Herald of Chelyabinsk State Academy of Culture and Arts]. - 2013. - № 3 (35). - P. 80-84.
5. Ismailov, A. Yu. What the future prepares for us: healthy tomorrow of the library today? (Response for the problem-defining article by Y. V. Gushul, I. A. Kogenkin, K. V. Lavrova) / A. Yu. Ismailov // Vestnik Chelyabinskoy gosudarstvennoy akademii kulturi i iskusstv [Herald of Chelyabinsk State Academy of Culture and Arts]. - 2013. - № 2 (34). - P. 86-89. Received 14.03.2014
177
