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17Бюллетень науки и практики /Bulletin of Science and Practice Т. 9. №3. 2023
https://www.bulletennauki.ru https://doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/88
UDC 37 https://doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/88/48
SOCIAL FACTORS OF PREPARING ADOLESCENTS FOR FAMILY LIFE DURING GLOBALIZATION
©NorkulovH., ORCID: 0000-0002-7276-4232, Ph.D., Mahalla and Family Research Institute, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
СОЦИАЛЬНЫЕ ФАКТОРЫ ПОДГОТОВКИ ПОДРОСТКОВ К СЕМЕЙНОЙ ЖИЗНИ В УСЛОВИЯХ ГЛОБАЛИЗАЦИИ
©НоркуловХ. Д., ORCID: 0000-0002-7276-4232, канд. пед. наук,
Научно-исследовательский институт «Махалля и семья», г. Ташкент, Узбекистан
Abstract. This article highlights that a family is a sacred place that preserves the continuity of every people, and the nation, ensures the development of national values, brings new generations of children into the world, educates them spiritually and physically, and is considered the main foundation of society. The fact that it is a social unit based on biological, economic, legal, and spiritual relations, creating a healthy environment in families in the era of globalization, ensuring family stability, and increasing the social activity of teenagers are highlighted. The article states that such virtues as hard work, loyalty, sincerity, trust, love of country, justice, purity, and correctness typical of Uzbek families are directly inculcated by parents to their children as a personal example. At the same time, teenagers are expected to solve family problems through their hard work, endurance, contentment, intelligence, foresight, sharp judgment, ability to behave in any situation, overcome the difficulties encountered, and family spirituality through their own strength, self-confidence, will, and knowledge. And issues such as being able to absorb their traditions and fully implement them in their lives have also been reflected. Also, independent family life is a responsible and difficult period for teenagers, and it is necessary to go through new social relations, instructions for the future, processes of social adaptation, and to arm them with knowledge, skills, and abilities necessary in childhood.
Аннотация. В данной статье подчеркивается, что семья является священным местом, сохраняющим преемственность каждого народа, нации, обеспечивающим развитие национальных ценностей, рождающим в мире новые поколения детей, воспитывающим их духовно и физически, и считающимся главной основой общества. Семья — это социальная ячейка, основанная на биологических, экономических, правовых и духовных отношениях, создающая здоровую среду в семьях в эпоху глобализации, обеспечивающая стабильность семьи, повышающая социальную активность подростков. Отмечается, что такие добродетели, как трудолюбие, верность, искренность, доверие, любовь к родине, справедливость, чистота и правильность, характерные для узбекских семей, родители непосредственно прививают своим детям на личном примере. При этом от подростков ожидается решение семейных проблем за счет трудолюбия, выдержки, довольства, ума, дальновидности, остроты суждений, умения вести себя в любой ситуации, преодоления возникающих трудностей, семейной духовности за счет собственных сил, самостоятельности, уверенности, воли и знания. Также были отражены такие вопросы, как возможность впитать их традиции и полностью внедрить их в свою жизнь. Также самостоятельная семейная жизнь — ответственный и сложный период для подростков, который необходимо пройти через новые социальные отношения, установки на будущее,
Бюллетень науки и практики /Bulletin of Science and Practice https://www.bulletennauki.ru
Т. 9. №3. 2023 https://doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/88
процессы социальном адаптации, необходимыми в детстве.
вооружить их знаниями, навыками, умениями,
Keywords: family education, healthy environment in the family, child education, parents, family strength.
Ключевые слова: семейное воспитание, здоровая среда в семье, воспитание детей, родители, крепость семьи.
Introduction
Family is based on social and natural factors, and as a result of relations between young people of both sexes, it is not only procreation and giving birth to children, but also training them as well-rounded individuals and preparing them for independent life, i. e. family. The family is a source of education that ensures the continuity of life, and reproductive health of young people conveys national and family values, and traditions to future generations in keeping with the times and has a direct impact on what kind of person the future descendants will grow up to be.
It can be recognized that the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan Sh. Mirziyoyev has focused on the issues of "Strengthening the educational potential of the family, maintaining family values in society, improving the moral and moral environment in families and increasing their level of well-being" in family education (https://lex.uz/uz/docs/5884143).
When a child takes a step towards self-awareness, he begins to learn about his surroundings, relatives, and parents who care for him and to imitate and master their behavior. Qualities such as hard work, loyalty, sincerity, trust, love of the country, justice, purity, and correctness, characteristic of Uzbek families, are directly instilled from parents to children as a personal example. The lifestyle of our sons and daughters who enjoy our customs, traditions, and culture is instilled with the feeling of helping their parents from their youth, and then caring for their families.
Today, it is important to prepare teenagers to choose an independent family life path and to form social activity in them. There are many cases of low spiritual level in adolescents, lack of understanding of life values, inability to build their lifestyle on the basis of sociocultural norms and rules, and lack of understanding of many social relationships between people. The truth is that despite the prospects and wide opportunities officially opened before them, they face great difficulties in life.
According to Shaykh Muhammad Sadiq Muhammad Yusuf in the book "Bakhtiyar Ayila": "Sharia gives young men and women the right to choose a life partner, but in this delicate matter — because they are kind to them and have life experience, they consult with parents and their successors. "Assigned to catch. Therefore, young people should act on the basis of Sharia's teachings without giving in to their own desires"— it is said [1].
Independent life for teenagers is a responsible and difficult period. Of course, this period is a period of new social relations, and instructions for the future, going through the processes of social adaptation and equipping teenagers with the knowledge, skills, and abilities necessary for them since childhood. Integrating teenagers into the social life of society (lat. integratio — restoration, filling), increasing their activity, and educating them to not be afraid of life's difficulties is the demand of the times. It is necessary to closely help teenagers to determine their own destinies and master their behavior. In this regard, targeted work with adolescents is necessary and of urgent importance.
In order to create a healthy environment in the family, to promote the values of our ancestors in the family matter, in our country, we focus on the education of the young generation, focusing on
Бюллетень науки и практики / Bulletin of Science and Practice Т. 9. №3. 2023
https://www.bulletennauki.ru https://doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/88
their spiritual world, so that they can become good specialists in the future, and spend their leisure time meaningfully.
As Professor O. Musurmonova noted: "The basis of the family is the husband and wife. As long as the couple is responsible for building the foundation stones of the family, they are responsible for experiencing the difficulties of life, the joys and worries of life, managing the family, and raising children" [2].
After all, the family is a sacred place that preserves the continuity of every people and nation, ensures the development of national values, brings a new generation of children into the world, educates them spiritually and physically, and is considered the main foundation of society. Family is one of the most beautiful miracles of nature, it is a social unit based on the natural-biological, economic, legal, and spiritual relations of people.
So, in today's era of globalization, what is the effectiveness of our work on preparing teenagers for family life? Are we giving teenagers enough understanding about family life in relation to their age? Will they be bride and groom in the future, and if they get married, will they be able to pull the cart? Are we able to form strong families in general? If teenagers are fully ready for family life, why are there disagreements and all kinds of problems? Frankly, today we will think a little bit about answering all such questions.
Psychologists define the family as a small social group. Professor V. Karimova said: This family group is connected by marriage and close family ties, and the important aspects of the relationship between them are mutual love, care, responsibility and, of course, the commonality of life and lifestyle " [3].
It must be admitted that in some families various problems arise shortly after the wedding. The fact that the groom does not have a specific profession, he cannot be the head of the family, and he cannot financially support the family, the bride does not know the family customs well, and their superficial view of the so-called holy fortress causes several problems.
The socioeconomic, cultural, and spiritual development of our society depends on the formation of a fully matured person, and his political, spiritual, and moral maturity. When a person learns deeply about the history of his homeland and the families and upbringing in it, he knows and feels that he is a descendant of great ancestors, realizes his identity, and begins to feel deep national pride and pride in the fact that he is a child of this country and this nation.
In the era of globalization, the negative manifestations of the crisis of the family institution, the instability of marriages, the increase in the number of family divorces, the increase in the birth of children out of wedlock, the neglect of children's education, and the disrespectful treatment of the elderly are on the rise in all countries. In such a situation, it is important to take necessary measures to prevent such unpleasant situations.
For this, some priorities such as fundamental reform of the organizational legal mechanisms for ensuring a healthy and stable socio-spiritual environment and peace, harmony, and tranquility in society and the family, organizing targeted assistance to troubled and troubled families, ensuring equal rights and opportunities for women and men, etc. tasks are gaining urgent importance.
Building a family has an important social value. Every adult young man and woman fulfills this important social task by getting married and starting a family. In this regard, Rasulullah (s. a. w.) addressed every young man who can start a family: "O youth community! Let those of you who can marry, because marriage protects the eyes and the limbs from impurity. Those who cannot marry should fast, because fasting is marriage for him " [4].
Also, today there is an important problem related to the readiness of teenagers for family life. The young generation is not ready to start a family. This indicates many problems related to young families: an increase in the number of divorces after several years of marriage, conflicts in the
Бюллетень науки и практики / Bulletin of Science and Practice Т. 9. №3. 2023
https://www.bulletennauki.ru https://doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/88
distribution of family roles, lack of knowledge of the basics of family farming, unwillingness to fulfill family obligations, increase in the number of family divorces, number of abortions, lack of proper attention to children, etc. Currently, there is a decline in the prestige of family, motherhood, and fatherhood institutions. Also, adolescents rarely monitor their health, especially reproductive health [5].
In the Republic of Uzbekistan, the state policy on the protection and strengthening of the family institution is equivalent to a set of goals, principles, tasks, and priorities aimed at supporting the family, which is the basis of our society. It is important to preserve the traditional national and universal traditions and values of the family, raise the prestige of the family, raise the career of parents, strengthen the prevention of problems in the family, improve the living conditions and standard of living of families, and teach young people to fulfill the socio-economic tasks facing the family. is enough.
It is also important to systematically prepare married persons for the family in terms of family-legal relations, psychology of family life, family economy, and budget, basics of reproductive health, and strengthening of spiritual and moral values.
So, what are the needs to prepare our young people for family life and the need for pedagogical and psychological training?
The process of civilizations has changed the scope of socio-pedagogical, psychological, physiological, and other interactional relations in people. They are the basis for a certain degree of violation of the sincerity inherited from our ancestors and, as a result, several emotional and emotional tensions in the human psyche.
The effect of these is also manifested in family life and the pedagogical-psychological climate
in it.
Based on the results of the conducted research, according to the process of acceleration (lat. accelaratio — speeding up) observed in people in the last 100 years, the sexual and physiological puberty of young people has advanced by 2-3 years. About 100 years ago, the period of sexual maturity of young people corresponded to 15-16 years, but now this situation corresponds to 12-13 years on average. It can be seen that in most cases, after 7-8 years have passed, that is, girls are 1920 years old, and boys are 21 -22 years old. At this time, they are neither economically, socially, nor psychologically ready for family life. It can be said that this also causes huge problems.
Psychological features of adolescence are considered by many authors as a crisis and are associated with changes in the physiological, psychological, and social spheres. Consideration as a period of crisis in adolescent psychology S. Associated with the name Hall [6]. Regarding anatomy and physiology, young people are actively growing, their physiology is forming, the cardiovascular system is developing, and puberty is happening [7]. If we talk about the social sphere, then during adolescence, social norms, and various value relationships are assimilated, and the desire for recognition and self-affirmation appears [8]. In addition, E. I. The results of the research conducted by Sayfetdinova proved the relationship between social success and family values among teenagers [9].
Situations of preparation for the family in raising a boy. It is known that men have historically played a major role in the Uzbek lifestyle and society. The education of boys is especially important. Age characteristics are important for boys to join the ranks of men, and after the age of nine, children were able to independently participate in family life and ceremonies as independent members of the family and neighborhood.
Situations of family preparation in the upbringing of a girl child. An example of a girl's dignity is a transparent glass, the smallest grain of which cannot be noticed. School, parents, society
Бюллетень науки и практики / Bulletin of Science and Practice Т. 9. №3. 2023
https://www.bulletennauki.ru https://doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/88
— all of us are jointly responsible for the education of children, especially the generation that will be our future heirs.
Neighbors and neighborhood women play a big role in a girl's life, they prepare girls for family life from a young age and instill in them the skills of being polite, imaginative, and intelligent. First of all, girls are taught to rock the cradle in the family from a young age. Placing the baby in the cradle is mainly carried out with the participation of women and children, and "cradling" is often attended by older women with children, neighbors, and relatives.
I will analyze the problem of preparing girls and boys for marriage, N. G. Lagoida writes: "The current situation is such that young people who are getting married have vague ideas about family life and are unconsciously approaching family formation. The assimilation of family and marriage values takes place independently, which characterizes the premarital behavior of modern young people by some features: early initiation of sexual life before marriage, and the shortness of the dating period. All this negatively affects the subsequent psychological climate of the family and its stability in general. Therefore, it is very important how young people learn family values and how to prepare for marriage in the period before marriage" [10].
If we look at the decision PQ-92 of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated January 19, 2022 "On measures to radically improve the system of working with youth in neighborhoods" (https://lex.uz/docs/5831865), what should be done with young people in neighborhoods and what activities should be carried out in the process of preparing young people for family life issues of increase have also been reflected.
The family has its own written and unwritten laws, and undeniable rules. The full obedience of each person to the demands of the family will bring about positive changes. After all, only by respecting the family, believing, and patiently enduring its trials, a person can achieve happiness and increase his prestige in front of the nation. A family's completeness and stability depend on many factors. The age and outlook of the married couple are the factors that play an important role in creating a happy family.
A reliable tool that takes a person to great positions is correct upbringing, good manners, and knowledge that leads to guidance. Therefore, working based on a serious attitude without relaxing the upbringing of children will allow us to achieve happy results in life. After all, a good child will be respected among the people as the successor of the parents.
When the time comes, it should be said that creating conditions for the free and conscious movement of a teenage child is a very necessary time. The main task of adults is to strengthen their motivation for science and craft and to form their confidence that they will find their way out of life through relentless search. It is understood that the economic aspects of preparing teenagers for a family will provide the future family with continuous financial support. It will be necessary for them to acquire entrepreneurial concepts and qualities to manage their future family. Moreover, today everyone has all the opportunities and conditions for establishing a family business.
Adolescents can find solutions to family problems in marriage through their hard work, endurance, satisfaction, intelligence, foresight, sharp judgment, ability to behave in any situation, overcome the difficulties encountered, and family spirituality through their strength, self-confidence, will, and knowledge. and it is required that they can absorb their traditions and fully implement them in their lives [11].
Today's pedagogues emphasize the importance of teaching children the necessary modern skills. It is true that for a plant to grow beautifully, and healthily and bear fruit, water, fertile soil, fresh air, and care as described in the brochure — everything should be provided in moderation and at the right time, so a teenager needs the same education [12].
Бюллетень науки и практики / Bulletin of Science and Practice https://www.bulletennauki.ru
Т. 9. №3. 2023 https://doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/88
Regarding the preparation of teenagers for family life, it is appropriate to give the following recommendations as a recommendation:
- family and marriage issues;
- registration of brides and grooms to be married by neighborhood;
- to hold talks and lectures to give understanding to brides-to-be about "the legal basis of gender equality in modernizing Uzbekistan";
- to improve the knowledge, skills, and qualifications of brides and grooms about the grounds for the establishment, change, and annulment of family marriage relations, the principles of continuous cooperation with local registry offices, and the procedures for applying to registry offices of future brides and grooms;
- conducting roundtable discussions with the participation of experts on the topic "Medical examination is the guarantee of a healthy child";
- supervision of medical examinations of future brides and grooms by officials;
- preparing teenagers for family life, sharing the work experience of advanced youth organizations and activists in this regard, and further strengthening the activities of "Orasta girls" circles;
- arranging meetings for future brides and grooms in the family with the participation of experts on marital relations and so on [13].
Readiness for family life is an important and indispensable characteristic of any person, both men, and women. For families to be strong and not break up in the first years of living together, teenagers need to develop the necessary qualities that are important in each element of the concept of "Readiness for Family Life". Marriage preparation is a whole set of measures that form the knowledge of the young generation in various areas of family life, from psychological preparation to sexual education and preventing the negative consequences of early sexual activity.
However, it should be noted that readiness for family life is formed throughout the life of a person who undergoes various changes. This is influenced by the following factors: parental family and nearby examples, social moral norms, stereotypes and prejudices, own life experience, etc. The fact that teenagers are not ready for family life is an urgent problem that needs to be considered with special attention and care.
References:
1. Mukhammad Yusuf, M. S. sheikh (2013). Bakhtier oila. Tashkent. (in Uzbek).
2. Musurmonova, O., (2000). Oila ma"naviyati-millii gurur. Tashkent. (in Uzbek).
3. Karimova, V. (2006). Oilavii khaet psikhologiyasi. Tashkent. (in Uzbek).
4. ibn Ismoil al-Bukhorii, A. A. M. (1991). Khadis. 4 kitob. Al-Zhome" as-sakhikh (Ishonarli tuplam) 1-k. Tashkent, 560 (in Uzbek).
5. Varzieva, E. V. (2014). Problemy molodoi sem'i kak sotsial'noi struktury obshchestva. Vektor nauki Tol'yattinskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriya: Pedagogika, psikhologiya, (2), 54-56. (in Russian).
6. Martsenkovskaya, T. D. (2008). Psikhologiya razvitiya. Moscow. (in Russian).
7. Darvish, O. B. (2003). Vozrastnaya psikhologiya. Moscow. (in Russian).
8. Rakhimzoda, Kh. (2002). Vliyanie sotsial'nykh institutov vospitaniya na podgotovku starsheklassnikov k semeinoi zhizni. Dushanbe. (in Russian).
9. Saifetdinova, E. I. (2013). Otnoshenie obuchayushchikhsya k semeinym tsennostyam. VestnikPenzenskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta, (4), 30-32. (in Russian).
10. Lagoida, N. G. (2013). Problema podgotovki sovremennoi molodezhi k braku i puti ee resheniya. Vestnik Buryatskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Obrazovanie. Lichnost'. Obshchestvo, (5), 82-87. (in Russian).
Бюллетень науки и практики / Bulletin of Science and Practice Т. 9. №3. 2023
https://www.bulletennauki.ru https://doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/88
11. Bayjonov, F. (2021). Characteristics of the concept of gender culture as a social event. InterConf.
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13. Bayjonov, F. B. (2021). Stages of formation of gender culture in youth. European Journal of Research and Reflection in Educational Sciences, 9(4), 2021.
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Работа поступила Принята к публикации
в редакцию 19.02.2023 г. 26.02.2023 г.
Ссылка для цитирования:
Norkulov H. Social Factors of Preparing Adolescents for Family Life During Globalization // Бюллетень науки и практики. 2023. Т. 9. №3. С. 384-390. https://doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/88/48
Cite as (APA):
Norkulov, H. (2023). Social Factors of Preparing Adolescents for Family Life During Globalization. Bulletin of Science and Practice, 9(3), 384-390. https://doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/88/48
